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At hospitals, patients with tuberculosis are attended by several professionals and among them nursing workers. These workers are subjected to the risk of the tuberculosis infection. This study had the objective of investigating the number of nursing workers in a hospital that acquired tuberculosis in a pre-determined period and their general characteristics; to calculate the morbidity coefficient of this disease and discuss the occupational risk among these workers. In one year, health workers presented 3.86 times greater risk, and, in another year, 1.47 times greater risk. In the present study tuberculosis was considered an occupational hazard for hospital nursing workers.

A 28-year-old female had a severe depressed deformity of the left cheek due to false local injection of ZnCl2 into her buccal mucosa instead of an anesthetic. After several attempts at plastic surgery in another hospital with unsatisfactory results, she was treated surgically in our clinic using cheek skin expanded by a tissue expander. The outcome was satisfactory.

The effects of S-1108, an orally active cephem antibiotic newly synthesized by Shionogi Res. Lab., on pediatric bacterial infections was studied. S-1108 was administered orally at a daily dose between 9.3 and 12.4 mg/kg in three divided doses (after each meal) for 5 to 11 days to patients with pharyngitis (2), tonsillitis (1), bronchitis (3), pneumonia (1), lymphadenitis (1), enteritis (1) and cystitis (1). The clinical efficacy rate was 100% with excellent responses in 3, good in 6 and undetermined in 1. Bacteriological effects observed indicated that one strain each of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Klebsiella pneumoniae and two strains of Haemophilus influenzae were eradicated by the treatment. No clinical side effects and laboratory test abnormalities were observed at all in this study. These results suggested that S-1108 would be a useful antibiotic for the treatment of bacterial infections in the pediatric field.

Cefprozil (CFPZ, BMY-28100), a new non-ester cephem, was administered to 15 pediatric patients with infectious diseases. The patients included 6 boys and 9 girls from 10 months to 11 years old and they were given oral doses of 18.5-41.7 mg/kg/day for 3 to 8 days. Clinical efficacies were excellent in 3 cases and good in 12 cases, hence the total efficacy rate was 100%. Eosinophilia occurred in 1 case as side effect of the drug, but no other side effects were not found during or after the treatment.

Three patients with clinically different severities of vitamin D-dependent rickets, type II, with alopecia, which is 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D-receptor-defect rickets and is particularly resistant to treatment with calciferol analogues, were treated with large doses of 1 alpha-hydroxyvitamin D3 (1 alpha-(OH)D3) and 2 g of calcium lactate. Except for the alopecia, all of the abnormalities of patients 1 and 2 were reversed by treatment with 3 micrograms/kg/d of 1 alpha-(OH)D3, and those of patient 3, who had the severest manifestations, were reversed by treatment with 6 micrograms/kg/d. The serum 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D concentrations of the three patients were low before treatment and those of patients 1 and 2 increased during treatment. These findings suggest that in patients 1 and 2, 25-hydroxyvitamin D-24-hydroxylase was stimulated via a 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D-receptor-mediated system by treatment with 1 alpha-(OH)D3.

An analysis of prognostic factors for stage 3 carcinoma of the uterine cervix was performed using multivariate analysis. Such factors were closely related to prognosis of the patients as follows; 1) risen temperature during the treatment, kidney function before treatment and age which were concerned in local recurrence 2) risen temperature, leucocytosis, hypertension and kidney function which were concerned in distant metastasis. Since the patients have various factors which have correlation between one another, it is important to investigate each factors separately more detail aspect.

This report describes a computer filing and retrieval system for patient records of uterine cervix cancer which contain a secondary status after first treatment necessitated by residual primary tumor, recurrence after 6 months or more, and metastasis. In 2 working sheets are entered registration number and birth-data, first therapy method, secondary status, topographic locations of recurrence and metastasis, policy and outcome at 5 years after secondary treatment. This information was entered in the computer filing system. The records of 549 patients who were treated between 1961 and 1976, were loaded in to the disk file and magnetic tape of our computer. The 5-year cumulative survival rate of the total cases was 11.7% (1.4% standard error); it was 26.9% (S.E. = 4.4%) for patients that had undergone primary surgery. We found that the longer the interval between first therapy and recurrence, the better was the 5-year survival after secondary treatment (mainly radiotherapy). We conclude that long-term follow-up study is important in patients with uterine cervix cancer, because our 28 cases with recurrence (10% of total cases), were found more than 4-years after the first therapy.

A combination drug of sulbactam/ampicillin (SBT/ABPC) was intravenously administrated to 18 patients with ages 3 months to 10 years 10 months with various acute infections including 14 cases of pneumonia, 1 case each of tonsillitis, subacute bacterial endocarditis, empyema and suspected sepsis. Clinical responses were excellent in 14 cases and good in 4 cases. Bacteriological responses of 8 isolated strains were: 7 strains were eradicated and 1 strain was decreased. No side effect was observed in any case. Eosinophilia was observed in 2 cases, thrombocytosis in 2 cases, elevation of GOT in 1 case and elevations of GOT and GPT in 1 case. From the above results, it seemed that SBT/ABPC was a useful drug for the treatment of bacterial infections in the pediatric field.

The activities of ribonucleotide reductase and thymidine kinase, and the thymidine incorporation rate were measured in 16 cultured human hematologic malignant cell lines with different cell proliferation rates. Thymidine kinase activity was significantly higher in myeloid and monocytoid cell lines than in other cell lines, but ribonucleotide reductase activity presented as CDP reductase activity was similar in the different cell lines. The ratio of thymidine kinase to CDP reductase activity was high in monocytoid cell lines. A close correlation was found between the cell proliferation rate and CDP reductase activity, but not thymidine kinase activity or the thymidine incorporation rate. The ratio of thymidine kinase to CDP reductase activity was high in slowly growing cell lines and low in rapidly growing cell lines. These results indicate that in cultured human malignant cells a high potential for proliferation may depend mainly on the de novo pyrimidine pathway of DNA biosynthesis.

Radiation-induced cancer has been epidemiologically investigated in occupational or atomic radiation exposure cases. These is also a need to clarify the risk in the case of radiotherapeutical exposure. In this study, therefore, cases of post-irradiated uterine carcinoma which was well cured and followed up over a long term were selected for statistical analysis of radiation-induced cancer in the medical division.A total of 19,384 patients with uterine carcinoma at seven institutions in Japan were registered on a computer system at the NIRS and were statistically analyzed. Of these, 6,655 patients were treated by surgical procedure alone, 4,310 were given a combined treatment modality of radiation and surgery, 8,419 were treated by radiation alone between 1960 and 1978. Radiation-induced cancer was defined according to the following categories: Secondary cancer was developed within the irradiated field. Time interval was over 5 years after the initial irradiation (leukemia was over 2 years). The cancer had a different histological type to the original one. A total of 43 patients with induced cancer were observed, namely: 14 with rectal cancer, 8 with leukemia, 6 with uterine corpus cancer, 4 with urinary bladder cancer, 3 with osteosarcoma or uterine sarcoma, 2 with sigmoid colon cancer or malignant fibrous histiocytoma, and 1 with ovarian cancer, respectively.Rectal cancer, leukemia and urinary bladder cancer were initially analyzed, because their expected values were easily estimated from the basic data. A total of 8,333 patients (43,418 person-years) from 7 institutions were considered. Their average follow-up period was 10.2 years after treatment. 1) Rectal cancer: Observed value (O) = 14, expected value (E) = 7.83, O/E = 1.79, 95% confidence interval of O/E ratio (CI) = 0.98-2.99, there was no significant difference. 2) Leukemia: O = 8, E = 3.78, O/E = 2.12, CI = 0.91-4.18, no significant difference. 3) Urinary bladder cancer: O = 4, E = 2.23, O/E = 1.79, CI = 0.49-4.55, no significant difference. In other words, no significant difference was observed in the risk of occurrence of secondary cancer among the total number of irradiated patients from the 7 institutions. Since these results, however, were influenced by the accuracy of patient follow-up, the O/E ratio of double cancer in each institution was observed to check the accuracy of the follow-up and 3 institutions were selected for further analysis comprising 2,686 patients (13,588 person-years) in all. Their average follow-up period was 10.1 years.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Sultamicillin, a mutual prodrug of a beta-lactam antibiotic and beta-lactamase inhibitor, was administered to 19 child patients with infectious diseases. The patients included 9 boys and 10 girls from 11 months to 13 years old and they were given orally a dosage of 15.4-40.8 mg/kg/day for 3 to 12 days. Clinical efficacies were excellent in 2 cases, good in 13 cases, fair in 3 cases, unknown in 1 case, and the total efficacy rate was 83.3%. Loose stool in 1 case and mild diarrhea in another occurred as side effects of the drug, but no abnormal laboratory test values were found upon the treatment.

In this study the dental findings of three patients with vitamin D-dependent rickets (DDR) type II with alopecia, who were treated with large doses of vitamin D3 derivatives, are described. Dental development that is at or near a normal level can be achieved in controlled patients, permitting routine treatment of carious teeth.

Clinical studies were performed on cefodizime (THR-221, CDZM), a new cephem antibiotic as described below. CDZM was administered to 13 patients in dose levels ranging from 55 to 96 mg/kg/day t.i.d. for 3-7 days (5.5 days on average). These patients included 8 with pneumonia, 2 with tonsillitis, 1 each with bronchitis, phlegmon and urinary tract infection. The overall efficacy rate was 92.3%, i.e., efficacy was excellent in 8, good in 4 and poor in 1. Bacteriological efficacy was 83.3%, i.e., 5 strains of bacteria (Streptococcus pneumoniae 1, Haemophilus influenzae 3, Haemophilus parainfluenzae 1) were eradicated and 1 was unchanged (Enterobacter cloacae, MIC greater than 100 micrograms/ml). Clinical side effect was not observed during the treatment. Laboratory abnormalities were observed in 2 cases, i.e., a slight elevation of GPT and a mild eosinophilia. The above results suggest that CDZM is a useful antibiotic for treating pediatric bacterial infections.

To define the molecular basis for the TaqI site alteration in the ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC) (E.C.2.1.3.3) gene of a female patient with mild OTC deficiency, we used a combination of genomic amplification followed by direct sequencing and oligodeoxyribonucleotide hybridization. We obtained evidence for a C-to-T substitution in exon 5 (codon 141) of this gene. This mutation generates a stop codon, in place of Arg, at amino acid 109 of the mature OTC protein. The mutation arose, de novo, in a germ cell of one of the parents.