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Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is a major infectious disease which threatens people's health around the world. Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) has become an important index for evaluating the treatment and prognosis of patients with CHB. Many studies abroad have shown that the HRQoL of patients with CHB is influenced by various factors. Disease severity, clinical symptoms, and low self-efficacy are important influencing factors for patients' quality of life. Anti-viral therapy, proper physical therapy, or psychological intervention can significantly improve the HRQoL of community CHB patients, and HRQoL is even significantly improved in patients undergoing liver transplantation one year ago. These studies provide valid evidence for antiviral therapy for hepatitis B patients and liver transplantation techniques from the psychological level. At present, there still lacks studies on HRQoL of CHB patients in China. This article summarizes the measurement tools for HRQoL widely used in recent years in China and foreign countries, reviews the research advances in HRQoL in community patients with CHB, and discusses the perspectives for future studies.慢性乙型病毒性肝炎是危害全球人民生命健康的重大传染性疾病。健康相关生命质量（HRQoL）已成为评价慢性乙型肝炎患者治疗和预后的一个良好指标。国外许多研究结果表明慢性乙型肝炎患者的HRQoL受到不同程度的影响。病情的严重程度、临床症状和自我效能感不足等是影响患者生活质量的重要因素。对社区慢性乙型肝炎患者采取抗病毒治疗、适当的物理治疗或心理干预，都可以显著提高其HRQoL。甚至肝移植1年后的患者，HRQoL亦明显好转。这为乙型肝炎患者的抗病毒治疗和肝移植技术从心理学层面提供了有效证据。目前国内对慢性乙型肝炎患者的HRQoL研究尚处于空白阶段，现概述国内外近年广泛使用的HRQoL的测量工具，并对社区乙型肝炎患者的健康相关生命质量研究进展作一综述，以及对今后的相关研究进行讨论和展望。.

It has previously found that human oncoprotein cancerous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (CIP2A) was overexpressed in breast cancer, and was positively correlated with lymph node metastasis of the patients. This study aimed to investigate the association between serum CIP2A and prognosis of breast cancer. Then, we investigated whether CIP2A could be as a therapeutic target in breast cancer treatment.Preoperative CIP2A levels of 240 patients with breast cancer and 480 cases of controls were measured by ELISA method. The association of CIP2A levels with clinicopathological outcomes was investigated by univariate and multivariate analyses. The effect of CIP2A on breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells was evaluated by CIP2A siRNA-mediated depletion of the CIP2A protein followed by an analysis of cell proliferation, invasion, colony growth, and xenograft growth and metastasis.The serum CIP2A levels in patients with breast cancer were (79.0 ± 74.2) ng/mL, which was significantly higher than that in those controls (25.6 ± 21.4) ng/mL for male and (24.8 ± 20.6) ng/mL for female control. Higher preoperative CIP2A levels were significantly associated with the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage, histological grade and lymph node metastasis. Patients with elevated CIP2A levels showed worse survival. In multivariate analysis, elevated preoperative CIP2A levels were independent prognostic factors. Patients with high CIP2A levels had significantly shorter overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) times. Knockdown of CIP2A by stable CIP2A siRNA transfection inhibited MDA-MB-231 cell proliferation, invasion, colony growth in vitro, and xenograft growth and metastasis in vivo.Our results suggest that serum CIP2A is significantly higher in patients with breast cancer, which is a potential biomarker to make a distinction between breast cancer patients and healthy controls. Higher serum CIP2A levels positively associated with the aggressive phenotype of breast cancer, and forecasts poor prognosis for patients with breast cancer. Knockdown of CIP2A may be a novel target for prevention and treatment of breast cancer.

The aim of the present research was to determine the interactive effect of zearalenone (ZEA) and soybean isoflavone (ISO) on the growth performance, development of organs and serum parameters in prepubertal gilts. Ninety 75-day-old female pigs (Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire, 26.5 ± 0.60 kg) were randomly allocated to nine diet treatments during the 21-day study. The experiment employed a 3 × 3 factorial design using a non-soybean meal diet with the addition of 0, 0.5 or 2.0 mg/kg ZEA and 0, 300 or 600 mg/kg ISO. The results indicated that simultaneous addition of ZEA and ISO had no significant influence on the growth performance in prepubertal gilts. Zearalenone with 2 mg/kg increased (p0.05) the relative weight of the reproductive organs (including uterus and vagina) but had no obvious effects (p0.05) on the relative weight of the heart, liver, lung, kidney and spleen. Isoflavone at 600 mg/kg could offset the increased weight of the reproductive organs induced by ZEA. Simultaneous addition of ZEA and ISO to prepubertal gilts increased the level of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase in the serum (p0.05) at day 14 but their levels decreased (p0.05) over time. Zearalenone increased the level of malondialdehyde and decreased the concentrations of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase (p0.05) in the serum. The results suggested that ISO added to diets at 600 mg/kg could reduce the increase in the relative weight of reproductive organs and relieve the oxidative stress induced by ZEA added at 2 mg/kg during the growth phase in prepubertal gilts.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the interactive effect of zearalenone (ZEA) and soybean isoflavone (ISO) on the development of reproductive organs, reproductive hormones and estrogen receptor expression in prepubertal gilts. Ninety 75-day-old female pigs (Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire, 26.50 ± 0.60 kg) were randomly allocated to nine diet treatments during the 21 day study. The experiment employed a 3 × 3 factorial design using a non-soybean meal diet with addition of 0, 0.5 or 2.0mg/kg ZEA and 0, 300 or 600 mg/kg ISO. The results indicated that diets supplemented with 600 mg/kg ISO could reduce the increased weight of the reproductive organs induced by ZEA at 2mg/kg (P0.05) while feed containing ISO and 0.5mg/kg ZEA increased the weight of the reproductive organs compared with pigs fed diets with 0.5mg/kg ZEA alone. Diets with ISO at 600 mg/kg reduced the large width of vulvas induced by diets with 2mg/kg ZEA (P0.05). Simultaneous provision of ZEA and ISO to prepubertal gilts increased the level of E2 at days 7 and 14, but decreased it at day 21 (P0.05). Pigs simultaneously fed 2mg/kg ZEA and 600 mg/kg ISO had the highest level of FSH (P0.05). There was a significant interaction (P0.05) between ZEA and ISO supplementation on the level of LH, and pigs offered diets with 2mg/kg ZEA and 600 mg/kg ISO had the lowest level of LH on days 14 and 21. Animals supplemented simultaneously with ZEA and ISO showed higher ERα/ERβ mRNA expression compared to those offered diets containing 0.5mg/kg ZEA alone or basal diets. However, this simultaneous supplementation resulted in a lower level of ERα/ERβ mRNA expression compared to offering diets with 2mg/kg ZEA alone. It appears that ISO can counteract the estrogenic influence of a high dosage of ZEA (2mg/kg). This affect might be attributed to competitive binding with estrogen receptors, thereby weakening the estrogenic effect of ZEA. Meanwhile, interactions between ZEA and ISO may interfere with the functioning of E2, FSH and LH in prepubertal gilts.

Fifty-nine patients with idiopathic growth hormone deficiency were included in a Chinese multicentre trial of recombinant somatropin, 0.5-0.7 IU/kg/week s.c. given in six or seven divided doses. The height velocity increased from 2.8 +/- 1.0 cm/year to 13.1 +/- 2.5 cm/year during 1 year of treatment, and typical catch-up growth was observed. The increase in height SDS for chronological age was significant, but the increase in height SDS for bone age was not statistically significant. No adverse reactions to the treatment were recorded. Recombinant somatropin was shown to be very effective and safe during the first year of therapy in patients with growth hormone deficiency.

During a period of 36 years, the rate of hysterectomy was 0.054% of all obstetric patients in our hospital, 0.0446% of cesarean section cases, and 0.005% of vaginal deliveries respectively. From 50 s to 80 s, the cesarean section rate greatly increased while the hysterectomy rate in parturition decreased. The indications for cesarean hysterectomy change from ruptured uterus, abruptio placenta and intrapartum infection to uterine atony highly increased placenta or myoma of the uterus. Cesarean hysterectomy rate due to splitting of uterine wound after cesarean section highly increased in 80 s. Bleeding for more than 1,000 ml during operation accounted for 62.7% of them. However, operative complication rate reached to 11.8%. To reduce cesarean hysterectomy rate, we suggest emphasizing maternal health care, use of uterine packing to lessen bleeding and careful management of operation as important means for reducing uterine incision wound splitting after cesarean section.

Ultrastructure of cellular inclusions in the cerebral cortex and in renal tubule epithelial cells in a case of late infantile metachromatic leukodystrophy were investigated. Four patterns of shape were illustrated as multi-lamellated structure, zebra bodies, dense bodies and vacuoles with the two latter being more predominant in the renal tubule cells. Histochemical studies of the cellular deposits with toluidine blue and cresyl violet all revealed metachromatic in character. Significance of these findings and their pathogenesis were discussed.

The ethanolic extract of the flower of Althaea rosea inhibits significantly the acetic acid-induced twisting of mice and the heat induced (tail) flicking of rats, the acetic acid-induced increase in permeability of abdominal bloud capillaries, the edema of the rat paw induced by carrageenin or dextran, and the release of PGE from inflammatory tissue.