1. Assessment of hypertension and other factors associated with the severity of disease in COVID-19 pneumonia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A case-control study
- Author
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Andargew Yohannes Ashamo, Abebaw Bekele, Adane Petrose, Tsegaye Gebreyes, Eyob Kebede Etissa, Amsalu Bekele, Deborah Haisch, Neil W. Schluger, Hanan Yusuf, Tewodros Haile, Negussie Deyessa, and Dawit Kebede
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Multidisciplinary ,Heart Diseases ,Risk Factors ,Case-Control Studies ,Hypertension ,Diabetes Mellitus ,COVID-19 ,Humans ,Female ,Ethiopia ,Severity of Illness Index - Abstract
Background Various reports suggested that pre-existing medical illnesses, including hypertension and other demographic, clinical, and laboratory factors, could pose an increased risk of disease severity and mortality among COVID-19 patients. This study aimed to assess the relation of hypertension and other factors to the severity of COVID-19 pneumonia in patients discharged from Eka Kotebe Hospital in June-September, 2020. Methods This is a single-center case-control study of 265 adult patients discharged alive or dead, 75 with a course of severe COVID-19 for the cases arm and 190 with the non-severe disease for the control arm. Three age and sex-matched controls were selected randomly for each patient on the case arm. Chi-square, multivariable binary logistic regression, and odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval was used to assess the association between the various factors and the severity of the disease. A p-value of Results Of the 265 study participants, 80% were male. The median age was 43 IQR(36–60) years. Both arms had similar demographic characteristics. Hypertension was strongly associated with the severity of COVID-19 pneumonia based on effect outcome adjustment (AOR = 2.93, 95% CI 1.489, 5.783, p-value = 0.002), similarly, having diabetes mellitus (AOR = 3.17, 95% CI 1.374, 7.313, p-value Conclusions Hypertension was associated with the severity of COVID-19 pneumonia, and so were diabetes mellitus, chronic cardiac disease, and an increase in pulse rate.
- Published
- 2022