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Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-26T17:15:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2017-01-01 Graduate Program in Zoology of the Federal University of Parana Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) The ovarian cycle in howler monkeys (genus Alouatta) has beean investigated through several biological parameters (ranging between 16.3 and 29.5 days); however, no data exist concerning the ovarian activity of the southern brown howler monkey (Alouatta guariba clamitans). This study aimed to describe the ovarian cycle of A. g. clamitans by profiling fecal progestin concentrations. Over 20 weeks, fecal samples of eight captive adult females of A. g. clamitans were collected. The collections were made at dawn, 5 days a week, and the samples were frozen immediately following collection. Next, they were dried, pulverized and hormonal metabolites were extracted to determine progestin concentrations by enzyme immunoassay. Of the 758 samples tested, the mean concentration of fecal progestins was 2866.40 +/- 470.03 ng/g of dry feces, while the mean concentration at baseline was 814.47 +/- 164.36 ng/g of dry feces. Among the eight females, one showed no ovarian cyclicity and three presented periods of probable absence of cyclicity and low progestin concentrations. A mean duration of 16 +/- 0.52 days was observed for the 35 cycles studied. The interluteal phase lasted 4 +/- 0.37 days on average, with a mean concentration of fecal progestins of 467.98 +/- 29.12 ng/g of dry feces, while the luteal phase lasted 11 +/- 0.50 days, with a mean concentration of 4283.27 +/- 193.31 ng/g of dry feces. Besides describing the characteristics of the ovarian cycle, possible causes for the low concentrations of fecal progestins and periods of absence of cyclicity are also discussed. Univ Fed Parana, Dept Zool, Programa Posgrad Zool, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil Ctr Pesquisas Biol Indaial, Indaial, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Dept Zootecnia, Nucleo Pesquisa & Conservacao Cervideos, Jaboticabal, Brazil Univ Reg Blumenau, Dept Ciencias Nat, Blumenau, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Dept Zootecnia, Nucleo Pesquisa & Conservacao Cervideos, Jaboticabal, Brazil CNPq: 303757/2012-4 CNPq: 131196/2010-3

Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-26T17:44:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2018-01-25 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) The marsh deer is an endangered species from the marshlands of central South America. This study aimed to characterize certain aspects of the reproductive physiology of marsh deer hinds, including the duration and fecal progestins profile of the estrous cycle, pregnancy and post-partum periods, and evaluate the effect of cloprostenol administration on this species. The experimental group consisted of six females and one fertile male marsh deer. During monitoring of the estrous cycle, the fresh fecal samples were collected daily and, during pregnancy, they were collected twice weekly. The hormonal profile obtained from daily fecal samples indicated that the mean duration of the estrous cycle was 21.3 +/- 1.3 days (6.4 days inter-luteal phase and 14.8 days luteal phase; n = 16 estrous cycles). The mean concentration of fecal progestins in the inter-luteal phase was 834 +/- 311 ng g(-1), in the luteal phase was 3979 +/- 1611 ng g(-1), value between them was 1457 ng g(-1). No significant difference in fecal estrogen concentrations was determined during the estrous cycle. The corpora luteum was not responsive to cloprostenol until Day 6 of the estrous cycle, the period previously described as the inter-luteal phase. Half the females became pregnant following treatment with cloprostenol and two others were fertilized in their natural estrous cycle. Four females delivered fawns, and the mean duration of pregnancy was 253 +/- 4 days. Fecal progestin concentrations were similar to those of the estrous cycle during the first 11 weeks of pregnancy and increased significantly (> 15250 ng g(-1)) thereafter, providing a presumptive diagnosis guideline. Within 60 days of post-partum analyses, 75% of the deer exhibited behavioural estrus and/or ovarian activity. This study generated a broader understanding of the marsh deer species concerning the production of consistent data related to its reproduction. This knowledge can be used to assist the reproductive management of this species and, consequently, to promote its conservation. Univ Estadual Paulista, Fac Ciencias Agr & Vet, NUPECCE Nucleo Pesquisa & Conservacao Cervideos, Deer Res & Conservat Ctr,Dept Zootecnia, Via Acesso Prof Paulo Donato Castellane S-N, BR-14884900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Fac Ciencias Agr & Vet, NUPECCE Nucleo Pesquisa & Conservacao Cervideos, Deer Res & Conservat Ctr,Dept Zootecnia, Via Acesso Prof Paulo Donato Castellane S-N, BR-14884900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil

This study aims to evaluate the ovulation rate and the presence of functional corpora lutea after treatment by three different protocols designed to cause superovulation in brown brocket deer. Six female received an intravaginal device containing 0.33 g of progesterone (CIDR®) for 8 days, followed by 0.5 mg injection of estradiol benzoate at the time of insertion and 265 µg of cloprostenol at the time of removal. Afterwards, the hinds were divided into three groups (n = 2): Treatment A received injection of 600 IU eCG on Day 4 after CIDR® insertion; Treatment B received injection of 300 IU eCG at the same time; and Treatment C received injection of 250 IU FSH dissolved in PVP, also on Day 4 post-insertion. The treatments were crossed over with 44–48 day intervals after CIDR® removal, such that all the deer were submitted to all three treatments. The mean ovulation rate (Treatment A = 3.40 ± 0.68, Treatment B = 1.40 ± 0.24, Treatment C = 0.80 ± 0.49), total ovarian stimulation (Treatment A = 4.80 ± 1.02, Treatment B = 1.80 ± 0.37, Treatment C = 1.40 ± 0.60), and mean CL diameter (Treatment A = 7.33 ± 0.76 mm, Treatment B = 3.94 ± 0.19 mm, Treatment C = 2.18 ± 0.49 mm) in Treatment A were significantly higher than the mean ovulation rates, total ovarian stimulation, and mean CL diameter in Treatments B and C. The mean fecal progesterone metabolites at the luteal phase in Treatment A (6,277.94±2,232.47 ng/g feces) was significantly different from Treatment C (1,374.82±401.77 ng/g feces). Thus, although fertility was not evaluated directly, Treatment A proved capable of induce superovulation in the species Mazama gouazoubira, presenting the greatest mean ovulation rates, with the formation of functional corpora lutea. lutea. Zoo Biol 31:642-655, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

This study aimed to validate the enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for fecal progestin quantification of the species Mazama americana, define its excretion profile during periods of gestation and postpartum and determine the gestation period and resumption of postpartum ovarian activity in this species in captivity. Fecal samples were collected twice a week during gestation and every day in the postpartum period, and analyzed using EIA. The mean concentrations (±SEM) of fecal progestins during gestation were 2180.0±299.1ng/g in early pregnancy (week 1-11), 3271.4±406.9ng/g in middle pregnancy (week 12-22) and 5592.0±1125.8ng/g in late pregnancy (week 23-32). The gestation period determined for the species was 220.9±1.2 days. The concentration of progestins reached its peak prior to parturition and returned to baseline levels in 4±0.31 days after parturition. In the postpartum period, the mean concentrations of fecal progestins were 1564.2±182.6ng/g in the interval between parturition and resumption of ovarian activity, 469.8±24.5ng/g in the inter-luteal phase and 2401.7±318.5ng/g during the luteal phase, such that the postpartum period and the luteal phase differed from the inter-luteal phase. Fecal progestin profiling permitted the detection of ovulation 26.9±3.4 days after parturition in all the hinds studied and estimation of the mean duration of the estrous cycle, 21.3±1.1 days. Analysis established that concentrations of progestins above 3038.76ng/g diagnosed pregnancy, a value determined from the week 12 of gestation. Moreover, the quantification of fecal progestins by EIA proved to be an important tool for noninvasive endocrine monitoring and to obtain reproductive data on the species M. americana in captivity.

This study aims to evaluate the ovulation rate and the presence of functional corpora lutea after treatment by three different protocols designed to cause superovulation in brown brocket deer. Six female received an intravaginal device containing 0.33 g of progesterone (CIDR®) for 8 days, followed by 0.5 mg injection of estradiol benzoate at the time of insertion and 265 µg of cloprostenol at the time of removal. Afterwards, the hinds were divided into three groups (n = 2): Treatment A received injection of 600 IU eCG on Day 4 after CIDR® insertion; Treatment B received injection of 300 IU eCG at the same time; and Treatment C received injection of 250 IU FSH dissolved in PVP, also on Day 4 post-insertion. The treatments were crossed over with 44-48 day intervals after CIDR® removal, such that all the deer were submitted to all three treatments. The mean ovulation rate (Treatment A = 3.40 ± 0.68, Treatment B = 1.40 ± 0.24, Treatment C = 0.80 ± 0.49), total ovarian stimulation (Treatment A = 4.80 ± 1.02, Treatment B = 1.80 ± 0.37, Treatment C = 1.40 ± 0.60), and mean CL diameter (Treatment A = 7.33 ± 0.76 mm, Treatment B = 3.94 ± 0.19 mm, Treatment C = 2.18 ± 0.49 mm) in Treatment A were significantly higher than the mean ovulation rates, total ovarian stimulation, and mean CL diameter in Treatments B and C. The mean fecal progesterone metabolites at the luteal phase in Treatment A (6,277.94±2,232.47 ng/g feces) was significantly different from Treatment C (1,374.82±401.77 ng/g feces). Thus, although fertility was not evaluated directly, Treatment A proved capable of induce superovulation in the species Mazama gouazoubira, presenting the greatest mean ovulation rates, with the formation of functional corpora lutea.

This study aimed to establish a protocol for synchronization of estrus in brown brocket deer (Mazama gouazoubira). Two groups of hinds (n = 3) were submitted to two different protocols: Treatment 1 received an intravaginal progesterone (CIDR®) device for 8 days, followed by 265 μg injection of cloprostenol at the time of removal; and Treatment 2 received two injections of 265 μg of cloprostenol 11 days apart. After 30 days, each group of three hinds received the other treatment. Treatment efficacy was evaluated by reproductive behavior, fecal progestin and estrogen concentration and the observation of CL by laparoscopy 6 days after the end of estrus. All the hinds (100%) had estrous behavior upon the completion of treatment, but a significant difference occurred between the time of onset, 70.5 ± 5.0 h for Treatment 1 and 52.3 ± 5.6 h for Treatment 2. The mean estrus duration time (34.7 ± 4.50 and 37.0 ± 8.11 h), ovulation rates (5/6 and 4/6), mean CL size (4.85 ± 0.74 and 3.21 ± 0.19 mm) and mean fecal progestin concentration at 6 days after the end of estrus (865.53 ± 76.59 and 1073.35 ± 106.82 ng/g feces) were not significantly different between treatments. There was no difference in fecal estrogen concentrations throughout the treatment and the greatest values of the estrogen:progestin ratio coincided with estrous behavior. Although fertility was not evaluated directly, both treatments were effective in synchronizing estrus in the species M. gouazoubira, with the formation of functional corpora lutea.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-03T13:11:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2014-03-19Bitstream added on 2014-12-03T13:22:36Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 WOS000334703000001.pdf: 385890 bytes, checksum: 461e9e117c2e56211fe64f5764411b18 (MD5) Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Background: Stress is a limiting factor in assisted reproduction in wild animals maintained in captivity. However, the knowledge of assisted reproduction techniques for wild animals is useful for future in situ and ex situ conservation programs. Thus, this study evaluated the ovulation rate, presence of functional corpora lutea and fecal glucocorticoid levels following treatments promoting superovulation in captive brown brocket deer.Methods: The crossover design used six hinds, allocated to two groups (n = 6): eCG Treatment, CIDR for 8 days, followed by 0.25 mg of EB on day 0, 700 IU of eCG on day 4 following device insertion and 265 mug of PGF2alfa on day 8; and FSH Treatment, CIDR for 7.5 days, followed by 0.25 mg of EB on day 0, 130 mg of FSH in 8 equal doses and 265 mug of PGF2alfa on day 7.5. Induced adrenal activity and treatment efficacy were evaluated by corpora lutea (CL) counts and fecal glucocorticoid and progestin concentration (ng/g feces) analyses for five different phases: Pre, two days before treatment; Early, first four days of treatment; Late, last four days of treatment; Total, entire treatment period; and Post, five days posttreatment.Results: eCG Treatment resulted in the highest number of CL (P lower than 0.05). There was no significant difference for fecal glucocorticoid concentrations in five different time periods between the treatments; however Pre fecal glucocorticoid concentrations (90.06+/-19.64) were significantly different from Late (200.76+/-26.39) within FSH Treatment. The mean fecal progestin concentration and mean ovulation rate were higher in eCG Treatment (4293.69+/-769.47, 7.0+/-1.8) than in FSH Treatment (1571.26+/-240.28, 2.6+/-0.8) (P lower than or equal to 0.05).Conclusions: Although the eCG Treatment induced a good superovulatory response, with the formation of functional corpora lutea, we cannot yet affirm that we have established a suitable protocol for induction of SOV in the species M. gouazoubira because approximately 65% of the deer showed premature regression of the corpora lutea. Moreover, multiple FSH applications in FSH Treatment resulted in a low ovulation rate and induced an increase in fecal glucocorticoid levels. Univ Estadual Paulista, Fac Ciencias Agra & Vet, Deer Res & Conservat Ctr, Dept Zootecnia,NUPECCE,Nuleo Pesquisa & Conservac, BR-14884900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Fac Ciencias Agra & Vet, Deer Res & Conservat Ctr, Dept Zootecnia,NUPECCE,Nuleo Pesquisa & Conservac, BR-14884900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil