1. The Tonic Immobility Scale in adolescent and young adult rape victims
- Author
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Covers, M.L.V., Huntjens, R.J.C., Hagenaars, M.A., Hehenkamp, L.M.J., Bicanic, I.A.E., Experimental psychopathology, Leerstoel Engelhard, and Clinical Psychology and Experimental Psychopathology
- Subjects
Adolescent ,Social Psychology ,exploratory factor analysis ,Tonic Immobility Scale ,Human factors and ergonomics ,Poison control ,Immobility Response, Tonic ,PsycINFO ,Fear ,rape ,Suicide prevention ,Exploratory factor analysis ,Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic ,Young Adult ,Clinical Psychology ,Injury prevention ,Tonic (music) ,Humans ,Female ,adolescents ,Young adult ,Psychology ,Crime Victims ,Clinical psychology ,Retrospective Studies - Abstract
OBJECTIVE: A substantial number of sexual assault victims report experiencing some form of peritraumatic tonic immobility (TI). A self-report questionnaire that is widely used to assess TI retrospectively is the Tonic Immobility Scale (TIS). This study explored the factor structure of the TIS in a clinical sample of adolescent and young adults.METHOD: The sample comprised 131 female rape victims, aged 13-25, who were referred for specialized trauma-focused treatment. An exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was performed.RESULTS: The EFA showed support for a three-factor model, with factors TI, Fear, and Detachment. Item correlations ranged from .32 to .57 for TI, from .14 to .35 for Fear, and .29 for the two Detachment items.CONCLUSIONS: We found support for a three-factor solution distinguishing TI, fear, and detachment, suggesting the need to further develop the TIS with different subscales in varying age groups and clinical samples. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
- Published
- 2022