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Objective: Although medically unexplained body complaints occur relatively frequently in adolescents, the causes are little-researched. This study examines the influence of cultural and family-related factors on somatic complaints. Methods and Measures: In a cross-cultural and cross-sectional study of 2415 adolescents from eight countries (Argentina, France, Germany, Greece, Pakistan, Peru, Poland, and Turkey), the associations of family variables with body complaints were tested and the cultural impact analyzed. Body complaints were assessed via self-reporting with a translated version of the body complaints scale of the Youth Self Report (YSR). In addition, Perceived Maternal/Paternal Behavior was assessed, as well as cultural dimensions of the eight counties. Results: Overall, females reported higher rates of body complaints than boys did. An additional negative impact of parental psychological control and anxious rearing was found that generalized across cultures, with a particularly strong impact on girls. Girls in stepparent families and boys in single-parent families reported more body complaints. Finally, body complaints were associated with Hofstede's cultural factors in both genders, like individualism vs. collectivism, power distance, uncertainty avoidance, and masculinity vs. femininity. Conclusion: These findings are particularly important for primary care providers, as they stress the relevance of taking into account family and cultural factors in body complaints which affect boys and girls differently, to provide adequate care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article introduces the concept of queer family violence, emphasizing the lack of statistical data and understanding of abuse within queer family dynamics. Topics discussed include the exclusion of queer experiences from traditional family violence research, the need for inclusive narratives in understanding violence, and the application of queer theory to enhance analyses of intimate partner violence and family abuse.

Summary: Objective: This study tried to examine the association between the frequency of family meals and excess weight using large and representative samples of children and adolescents from 43 countries. Methods: This cross‐sectional study used data from the Health Behaviour in School‐aged Children (HBSC), which included nationally representative samples of children and adolescents aged 10–17 years, involving a total of 155 451 participants (mean age = 13.6 years; standard deviation [SD] = 1.6; 51.4% girls). Family meal frequency was gauged through the following question: 'How frequently do you and your family typically share meals?' The possible responses were: 'never', 'less often', 'approximately once a week', 'most days' and 'every day'. The body weight and height of the participants were self‐reported and utilized to calculate body mass index (BMI). Subsequently, BMI z‐scores were computed based on the International Obesity Task Force criteria, and the prevalence of excess weight was defined as +1.31 SD for boys and + 1.24 SD for girls, with obesity defined as +2.29 SD for boys and + 2.19 SD for girls. Generalized linear mixed models were conducted to examine the associations between the frequency of family meals and excess weight or obesity. Results: The lowest predicted probabilities of having excess weight and obesity were observed for those participants who had family meals every day (excess weight: 34.4%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 31.4%–37.5%; obesity: 10.8%, 95% CI 9.0%–13.0%). Conclusions: A higher frequency of family meals is associated with lower odds of having excess weight and obesity in children and adolescents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many claim a high prevalence of single motherhood plays a significant role in America's high child poverty. Using the Luxembourg Income Study, we compare the "prevalences and penalties" for child poverty across 30 rich democracies and within the United States over time (1979–2019). Several descriptive patterns contradict the importance of single motherhood. The U.S. prevalence of single motherhood is cross-nationally moderate and typical and is historically stable. Also, child poverty and the prevalence of single motherhood have trended in opposite directions in recent decades in the United States. More important than the prevalence of single motherhood, the United States stands out for having the highest penalty across 30 rich democracies. Counterfactual simulations demonstrate that reducing single motherhood would not substantially reduce child poverty. Even if there was zero single motherhood, (1) the United States would not change from having the fourth-highest child poverty rate, (2) the 41-year trend in child poverty would be very similar, and (3) the extreme racial inequalities in child poverty would not decline. Rather than the prevalence of single motherhood, the high penalty for single motherhood and extremely high Black and Latino child poverty rates, which exist regardless of single motherhood, are far more important to America's high child poverty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Substance dependence is a biopsychosocial, multidimensional and multifactorial phenomenon. The family is a dynamic and multifaceted system of ideas, emotions and behaviors. The elements of the family system influence and feed off each other, and changes within the family have an impact both individually and collectively as the family goes through its life cycle. The results of most research studies pointed out that: 1) the phenomenon of substance dependence is not associated with a specific type of family i.e. with a stable pathognomonic profile 2) drug-dependent personalities can arise in different types of family structure 3) certain characteristics of family structure, in general, seem to be common to the functioning of families of addicted persons 4) in the family of substance-dependent persons the characteristics that are found in many other families 5) there is a high incidence of mental disorders in the family of substance abusers and 6) therapeutic intervention in the family is imperative, but must be accompanied by other interventions. Substance dependence seriously affects public health and needs to be addressed in a variety of ways. It has become clear that intervention in the family becomes necessary in order to change the behavior of the user, to change the attitudes of other family members and to modify the overall family dynamics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Individual purpose is associated with positive outcomes. Collective purpose, or an enduring intention shared among members of a group for how they seek to contribute to the world beyond their group, may be similarly beneficial. Collective purposes stand to benefit the groups that pursue them as well as the communities that groups find purpose in serving. Despite this, limited research has explored collective purposes. As an instance of collective purpose, the present study explored family purpose. Interviews were conducted with members (N = 87) of 25 families. Findings suggest family purposes exist, they take varied forms based on the target of family members' shared commitments, and several factors support their pursuit, including shared moral and/or civic virtues, cohesive family structures, family purpose champions, foundational religious beliefs, humble leaders, and shared family identities. Implications of these findings, both for the study of family purpose in particular and collective purposes more generally, are addressed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At some point prior to their children turning 18, roughly 70% of mothers will hold the position of breadwinner in their family. The increasing number of breadwinning mothers is reflective of the shifting roles of women in families. Although a family role shift is evident for mothers, the centrality of women in the development of families across the lifespan remains unchanged. The centrality of mothers to family development is obvious in the family life cycle. Embedded in the traditional family structure, the family life cycle is a commonly used assessment model for family lifespan development despite its incongruence with professional counseling ethics and curriculum standards. The incongruence highlights the need for a family development model appropriate for diverse family structures. Therefore, a pilot case study approach guided this study as an initial exploration into the family development of high achieving women. An in-depth semi-structured interview with a single participant was conducted and then analyzed using a phenomenological approach. Four themes emerged from the participant's experience: self-efficacy and hustle, supportive relationships, resources used, and barriers faced. The findings from this study demonstrated a clear need for additional research. Additionally, the researcher recommends that counselor educators and family counselors should be cautious in their utilization of existing family development assessment models with diverse families. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This report is the second in a series of State of Families (SoF) project data reports to be published throughout Volume 60 (2024) of Marriage and Family Review (MFR). MFR partnered with the Statistical Consulting Center at Miami University to systematically analyze the conditional state of U.S. families and family life across diverse contexts. This inaugural report focuses on U.S. White alone (non-Hispanic) families (with and without children under 18 years of age) in the United States, examining changes in family structure and poverty levels over time (1967–2022). Using data from the U.S. Census Bureau, we explore trends in married-couple families, single-parent families, cohabiting households, and other family types within the demographic category of White alone (non-Hispanic) population. Additionally, we investigate the dynamics of poverty among different family structures within this group. The report aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the evolving landscape of White alone (non-Hispanic) families in the context of broader societal shifts and economic realities in the U.S. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Access to justice is limited for many worldwide. Although prior research generally recognizes the legal needs and barriers faced by women, less is known about mothers. This study examined the legal needs of mothers in different family configurations and the actions they took in response to these needs through the lens of help‐seeking theories. We used unique data from the 2016 Colombian Quality of Life Survey (QLS) to produce descriptive statistics on the legal needs of mothers in two‐parent families and custodial mothers. We then conducted multivariate analyses to examine the factors associated with having a family issue and seeking institutional help. Custodial mothers were more likely than mothers in two‐parent families to have reported any legal need, and to report a family legal issue. The most frequent legal issues related to the family were issues with child support, custody, and/or visitation. The most frequent action taken to resolve issues was through an institutional actor. Among custodial mothers, single, younger mothers and mothers with more children were more likely to experience family legal issues, but they were not the ones seeking institutional help—those mothers were often more socioeconomically advantaged. That more socioeconomically disadvantaged mothers are more likely to experience a family legal issue but less likely to seek institutional help, the most frequent route to action, calls for research that examines the barriers faced by these mothers and policies to improve their access to justice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The family is a social construct whose structure and functions undergo transformations based on the political, social, economic context, and geographical location. It constitutes the natural and fundamental unit of society and, as such, is entitled to protection from both society and the State. The contemporary notion of family differs significantly from that of previous centuries. The phenomenon of globalization, characterized by the continuous flow of knowledge, customs, ideologies, and policies across all domains, prompts reflection on the evolving concept of family and its diverse forms, necessitating corresponding adjustments in its protection.This study aims to identify the factors influencing family protection and the repercussions resulting from legal loopholes. Leveraging the neutro-sophic TOPSIS method, the findings recommend the development and implementation of a family code. Such a code should acknowledge and regulate the various family structures, providing comprehensive protection to ensure their well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives With rising gray divorce rates, older individuals face heightened risk of social isolation, highlighting the significance of adult children as a vital source of solidarity in the absence of a spouse. Simultaneously, gray divorce may undermine parent–adult child relationships and weaken the core of the family safety net of older persons. This study examined the consequences of gray divorce for parent–child relationships. Methods We used longitudinal data from the German Family Panel (Pairfam), a large-scale panel study collecting detailed information about family relationships and family structure. We focused on adult children aged 18–49 (n  = 9,092) whose parents were married at first observation. During an observation period spanning up to 13 years (2008–2020), 606 individuals experienced parental divorce. Using fixed-effects models, we estimated changes in contact frequency, emotional closeness, and instrumental and emotional support provided to parents. Results Consequences of gray divorce varied strongly between mothers and fathers. Adult–child solidarity intensified for mothers but eroded for fathers. This impact was strongest for changes in contact frequency, moderate for changes in emotional closeness, and smaller for changes in support. The persistence of gender role differentiation was evident, as daughters displayed closer ties and provided greater support to their mothers following a gray divorce. Discussion Divorce alters relationships with adult children. A gray divorce tilts adult–child solidarity toward mothers and puts fathers at a higher risk of social isolation. Moreover, the observed gender dynamics underscore the continued influence of gender roles on family dynamics in the aftermath of gray divorce. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is divided into three parts. First, we analyze data from the 2016-2020 American Community Survey conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau to assess the demographic structure of Florida families. We find differences between Florida and other parts of the United States. These differences are the result of trends and patterns in migration to, from and within the state. Second, we examine the role that disasters in general and hurricanes in particular play in the family life of Floridians. Third, we review the literature to assess how responses to the COVID-19 pandemic influenced family life and the migration of families into, out of, and within Florida. This paper highlights the dramatic changes that have occurred in family life in Florida. The implications of these trends are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines inequality based on family structure within the school environment, focusing on South Korea's standardized education system. Previous research has pointed to potential challenges associated with a high concentration of students from single-parent families in schools. However, in the context of a standardized education system that aims to minimize variation across schools, these dynamics may manifest in different patterns. Using a nationwide administrative data set, the National Assessment of Educational Achievement, this study finds a significant interaction effect between the proportion of students from single-parent families within schools and the academic achievement, which is particularly pronounced for students from single-parent families. The results suggest that institutional contexts may play a significant role in reducing educational disparities associated with family structure, thereby providing schools pathways to mitigate the academic challenges prevalent among students from diverse family backgrounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background/Aims A family's economic resilience can impact a child's wellbeing, particularly in relation to parenting practice. This study aimed to identify the effect of family economic resilience on early childhood parenting in Indonesia, for children age 0-6 years old. Methods This study used cross-sectional data from a 2019 Indonesian survey. Simple and multiple logistic regression were used to analyse data for 20 413 families with children 0-6 years old in Indonesia. Results More than half of families had high economic function (56.2%) and demonstrated strong economic resilience (59.1%), although a similar proportion also demonstrated less effective parenting practices (63.3%). Families with high or moderate economic resilience were more likely to use more effective early childhood parenting practices than families with lower economic resilience (P=0.001 and P<0.001, respectively). Age, family type, number of family members and education significantly affected good parenting. Conclusions Family economic resilience has a significant impact on early childhood parenting. Interventions should be designed to simultaneously to strengthen family economic resilience and increase engagement with early childhood parenting practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

"Full Surrogacy Now: Feminism against Family" by Sophie Lewis is a book that explores the idea of restructuring the family unit and calls for the abolition of the nuclear, privatized family. Lewis argues for more communal families and envisions a future where surrogacy is used to transform our concept of families. The book draws on feminist, queer, cyborg, communist, and antiracist perspectives to challenge the traditional family structure and advocate for a more equitable and caring society. While the book presents a radical and ambitious vision, there are questions about the desirability of the proposed vision, the methodologies used to determine it, and the potential implications for marginalized communities. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of Diversitas Journal is the property of Diversitas Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Society: Chinese Journal of Sociology / Shehui is the property of Society: Chinese Journal of Sociology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article discusses the deterioration of the two-parent family and the rise in single parenthood in the U.S. Topics discussed include the link between family structure and children's educational achievement and aspirations, economist Melissa S. Kearney's embrace of the marriageable men hypothesis which points that single motherhood rises because men have become unattractive as husbands due to their poor economic performance, and the role of culture in family decline.

This paper was inspired by Michael Rush's works on the social construction of fatherhood in non-European contexts. It aims to fill a knowledge gap in gender, family and Iranian studies by exploring both the changing role of fathers and men's involvement in family life and care in the Islamic Republic of Iran. Adopting an intergenerational approach and a mixed methods design, the paper considers how fatherhood practices and discourses have changed over the last decades and how different generations of men elaborate, describe, and perform the paternal role. Despite institutionalized gender inequality and a patriarchal family structure supported by family law legislation, fatherhood in Iran is anything but static. Instead, it is possible to notice a gradual redefinition of gender roles within the family. Especially urban middle class's men are negotiating diverse masculinities and, at the same time, delivering non-traditional parenting roles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Childhood family is vital for the formation of fertility preferences and attitudes towards family life. Yet previous studies mainly focused on structural aspects of the family, whereas the role of perceptions of one's family in relation to fertility preferences remained largely understudied. This study examined how different aspects of the early family environment (i.e. relationships with parents, happiness in childhood, parental conflicts, family resources, as well as family structure) are related to the ideal number of children reported in adulthood. Using representative cross‐sectional survey data from the Finnish Family Barometer 2015, the sample comprised men and women aged 20–45 with and without children. Poisson regression models indicated that a higher number of siblings was associated with a higher ideal number of children, whereas living in a single‐parent household and overall negative perceptions of parents were related to a lower ideal number of children independent of various socio‐demographic characteristics. Further analyses showed that these family characteristics were associated with the ideal number of children mainly among childless people but not among parents. The findings suggest that the early family environment is related to the formation of the ideal number of children, especially for childless people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article "Group properties of the psychic apparatus" by Dieter Ohlmeier examines the significance of groups in psychoanalytic group therapy. It emphasizes that a therapeutic group is more than the sum of its parts and that in the group, mental functions can be experienced that cannot be explained solely by individual experiences. The text also deals with the shared mental processes within a family and emphasizes that humans are born into a familial group association from birth. It discusses the importance of group structures within the family and their influence on the psychological development of family members. The article also discusses the Oedipal situation and emphasizes that it should not only be viewed from the perspective of the child, but also take into account the reactions of the parents. It is noted that pathological forms of thinking and affective attitudes in families from which schizophrenics emerge play a significant role in the deformation of the ego and the illness of the ego in these patients. The text also deals with the difficulties in establishing boundaries between mother and child who later develop schizophrenia. It emphasizes that the group properties of the psychic apparatus enable communication and confrontation within a group framework. [Extracted from the article]

In this research note, we demonstrate that trends in the likelihood of child support agreements differ by marital history (i.e., never-married vs. ever-married) and by whether measures rely on the stock of families (i.e., allthose in which children live apart from a parent) or the flow (i.e., those that include children who newly live apart from a parent) in a given year. While previous research has highlighted difference by marital history, the contrast between stock and flow is a new contribution. Trends are typically measured with reference to the stock of cases, even while the flow of cases, which more immediately reflects concurrent policy changes, is more relevant in many contexts. Interpretations of recent declines in child support agreements in the stock of cases--referenced as evidence for both mandating participation and the impracticality of requiring child support-- may be better informed by considering the flow of cases. We find the flow of previously married mothers increasingly likely to have child support agreements while the likelihood is relatively consistent over time for nevermarried mothers. For both groups, using the flow measure, we find notable increases in agreements without payments due in the most recent period. These findings underscore the importance of differentiating stock and flow, and by marital history, in considering the proportion with agreements as an indicator of the effectiveness of current policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. Caregivers are crucial in ensuring that their relatives with heart failure (HF) reach proper self-care levels. Despite this, the demanding nature of caring for others can lead to poor outcomes and the compromise of own needs, which raises the need for perceived social support. Prior research does not offer a thorough knowledge of how caregivers of people with HF regarded social support and the characteristics that went along with it. Purpose. The aim of this study was to develop a comprehensive understanding of perceived social support and its associated factors among caregivers of individuals with heart failure. Methods. This is a secondary analysis of a convergent mixed-methods design study. The perception of social support, mutuality, anxiety, depression, and quality of life were assessed in 158 heart failure patients and their caregivers (physical and mental dimensions). In 50 caregivers, we also performed semistructured interviews. Results. The mixed analysis and integration of qualitative and quantitative inferences revealed two main factors affecting perceived social support. First, caregivers with strong familial network and greater number of caregivers available for tangible caregiving support and moral support perceived increased sense of social support. Second, caregivers with enhanced mental health had increased sense of social support. Conclusions. Caregiver perception of social support might be influenced by mental well-being status. To improve caregivers' perceptions of social support and community belonging, it is necessary to create and assess community- and individual-based mental health promotion interventions. To strengthen the perception of support in the heart failure caring process, more dyadic strategies should be established to improve patient-caregiver mutuality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: As a natural source of support for the elderly, the family is an important channel for achieving a sense of security, happiness, and worthiness in old age. In this study, we analysed the characteristics of intergenerational support in families of centenarians and explored the impact of the number of family generations on intergenerational support. Methods: We conducted a cross‐sectional survey between April 2020 and January 2021 among 62 elderly people aged 99+ in Rugao, China, one of six 'longevity cities' in the world. Assisted by the researchers, centenarians completed questionnaires with details pertaining to general demographics, intergenerational support, and other aspects. We used a logistic regression model to analyse the influence of the number of family generations on intergenerational support that the centenarians received with respect to economic, living, and emotional aspects. Results: Centenarians were primarily recipients of care in their families, and received intergenerational support mainly for their declined physical functions and limited self‐care ability. The study results revealed that the greater the number of generations comprising the family, the greater was the intergenerational life care and emotional comfort provided for centenarians by the family. Conclusions: In this study, we found a positive effect of the number of family generations on intergenerational support for centenarians. The government and society should promote the tradition of respecting, caring for, and honouring the elderly while paying close attention to the dynamic changes in the family structure of centenarians in promoting high‐quality and sustainable development of the people, economy, and society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Psychosocial Assessment Tool 2.0 (PAT-B) is an adaptation of an existing screening tool with the aim of the present study to examine its effectiveness and suitability to identify children and families at risk of emotional, behavioral, and social maladjustment following paediatric burns. Sixty-eight children aged between 6 months - 16 years (M = 4.40) admitted into hospital following paediatric burns, and their primary caregivers, were recruited. The PAT-B comprises several dimensions including family structure and resources, social support, as well as caregiver and child psychological difficulties. Caregivers completed the PAT-B and several standardized measures for validation purposes (e.g., caregiver reports of family functioning, child emotional and behavioural problems, caregiver distress). Children old enough to complete measures reported on their psychological functioning (e.g., posttraumatic stress and depression). Measures were completed within 3 weeks of child admission and then again at 3 months after burn. The PAT-B demonstrated good construct validity, evidenced by moderate to strong correlations between the PAT-B Total and subscale scores and several criteria measures (family functioning, child behaviour and caregiver distress, child depressive symptoms, r s ranging from 0.33 −0.74). Preliminary support for criterion validity of the measure was observed when examined against the three tiers of the Paediatric Psychosocial Preventative Health Model. The proportion of families falling within these tiers of risk (Universal [low risk], 58.2%; Targeted, 31.3%; or Clinical range, 10.4%) was consistent with prior research. Sensitivity of the PAT-B to identify children and caregivers at high risk of psychological distress was 71% and 83%, respectively. The PAT-B appears to be a reliable and valid instrument for indexing psychosocial risk across families who have sustained a paediatric burn. However, further testing and replication using a larger sample size is recommended before the tool is integrated into routine clinical care. • Over 30% of families were at-risk of psychosocial issues following paediatric burns. • Initial support observed for the Psychosocial Assessment Tool 2.0 (PAT-Burns) to identify at-risk families. • The PAT demonstrated the ability to index multiple psychosocial risk factors. • The PAT demonstrated acceptable internal consistency and stability over time. • Future recommendations are made for further testing and replication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The prevailing neoliberal labour migration regime in Asia is underpinned by principles of enforced transience: the overwhelming majority of migrants – particularly those seeking low-skilled, low-waged work – are admitted into host nation-states on the basis of short-term, time-bound contracts, with little or no possibility of family reunification or permanent settlement at the destination. As families go transnational, 'family times' become inextricably intertwined with the 'times of migration' (Cwerner, 2001). In this context, for many migrant-sending families in Southeast Asian source countries such as Indonesia and the Philippines, parental migration as a strategy for migrating out of poverty or for socio-economic advancement requires the left-behind family to resiliently absorb the uncertainties of parental leaving and returning. Based on research on Indonesian and Filipino rural households (studied from 2008 through 2017) including paired life-story interviews with parental/non-parental adult carers and children, the article investigates the crucial links between the time construct of seriality in migration on the one hand, and the temporal structure of family based social reproduction on the other. It first focuses on how serial migration produces, and is produced by, spiraling needs and expanding aspirations, hence creating its own momentum for continuity. The paper then explores how competing temporal logics create difficult choices for migrants, leading to the recalibration of priorities within constrained resources. By drawing attention to the co-existence of and contradictions between multiple temporalities in the lives of migrants and their families, a critical temporalities framework yields new insights in understanding the social reproduction of families in a migratory context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

"The Dynastic Imagination: Family and Modernity in Nineteenth-Century Germany" by Adrian Daub explores the impact of family structures and heredity on 19th-century German culture and society. Daub argues that the concept of dynasty was closely tied to questions of German nationhood and political power during this time. The book examines various literary, philosophical, scientific, and political works to trace the development of these ideas from the birth of the nuclear family to a post-war reassessment of spiritual legacies. Daub's multidisciplinary approach reveals the complex and evolving nature of dynastic thinking and its influence on psychological, artistic, scientific, social, and political life. [Extracted from the article]

This paper investigates the effects of a migration control policy in mega cities after 2014 in China on parent–child separation. One of the key initiatives of the policy is to restrict the access of migrant children to public education in cities. We employ two empirical approaches: one that leverages variations in policy implementation pressure across cities, and another that exploits variations in restrictions on migrant children's access to education across cities and over time. We find that the policy contributes to an increased probability of children being left behind. The impact is most salient among children from families of low socio-economic status and at the compulsory-education age. Little evidence indicates that the policy causes a change in the composition of the migrant families in cities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal for Sociology of Education & Socialization / Zeitschrift für Soziologie der Erziehung & Sozialisation is the property of Julius Beltz GmbH & Co. KG Beltz Juventa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Given that surprisingly little is known about the demography of human kinship, we provide a demographic account of the kinship networks of individuals in Sweden in 2017 across sex and cohort between ages 0 and 102. We used administrative register data of the full population of Sweden to provide the first kinship enumeration for a complete population based on empirical data. We created ego-focused kinship networks of children, parents, siblings, grandchildren, grandparents, aunts and uncles, nieces and nephews, and cousins. We show the average number of kin of different types, the distribution of the number of kin, and changes in dispersion over time. A large share of allkin of an individual are horizontal kin, such as cousins. We observe the highest number of kin--on average, roughly 20--around age 35. We show differences between matrilineal and patrilineal kin and differences in the kinship structure arising from fertility with more than one childbearing partner, such as half-siblings. The results demonstrate substantial variability in kinship within a population. We discuss our findings in the context of other methods to estimate kinship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The editorial team of Marriage & Family Review welcomes readers to Volume 60 and expresses their excitement for the expansion of the State of Families (SoF) project. They invite scholars and institutions to partner with them in creating SoF reports specific to their regions or countries. The team also announces that they will begin publishing accepted SoF reports, providing brief and in-depth analyses of family life in various locations. They express gratitude to contributors and reviewers who have made the journal successful and announce the addition of new members to the editorial team. Additionally, they introduce a data report series that will examine family structure and poverty changes across ethnic groups in the United States. The team believes that the SoF project can revolutionize our understanding of families worldwide and invites readers to engage with the reports and contribute to the project. [Extracted from the article]

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted human well-being worldwide in unforeseen ways. In early 2020, the spread of the virus left its mark on every affected country, impacting mental health by limiting daily activities and causing fatalities amidst public health strategies to mitigate its impact. The influence of COVID-19 on the quality of life (QoL) may vary between countries, underscoring the need to examine its effects on individuals and families during the mandatory home quarantine. We aimed to assess the QoL of individuals and families during home isolation by COVID-19 lockdown. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from February to May 2020. We included adult partners (≥18 years) of families from Brazil, Colombia, Spain, Japan, Peru, Russia, and Venezuela. Using the 26-item World Health Organization Quality of Life Brief (WHOQOL-BREF) questionnaire we assess the impact of COVID-19 on their partner/family member's QoL. Results: The survey was completed by 466 participants (mean age = 38.59 ± 13.75 years; females = 298) and 76% worked mostly as health professionals from South America (69.2%), Europe (18.4%), and Asia (12.4%). The WHOQOL-BREF mean score from 38.38 ± 11.55 (range = 22.8--43.4). The average quality of life in South America (41.9 ± 1.2) was significantly higher than that of European countries (30.9 ± 11.5) (p = 0.002). The social relations dimension was the only one with values close to 100 (mean = 83.3) in 6/7 evaluated countries, where only Spain had a low score (41 ± 33.12). Women had a slightly lower quality of life than men, but it was not significant (40.2 ± 8.8 vs. 41.5 ± 9.9, p = 0.354), while we found differences in the overall QoL between young and older, and by employment type (p < 0.05). According to family structure, we found differences on QoL between nuclear and siblings' families (p = 0.024). Conclusion: Families from seven countries of three continents reported poor QoL during the first outbreak of COVID-19. The pandemic scenario has dramatically weakened the QoL in 3/4 dimensions, where social relationships have remained high. It is important to fully address the impact of this reduced QoL on families after several waves of infection and to provide comprehensive support in the post-COVID future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to explore and analyze the narratives about the past, present, and future of people with a family member deprived of liberty. Five women from Buenos Aires were interviewed regarding the matter, and the Thematic Analysis Method (Mieles Barrera et al., 2012) was used to categorize, analyze, describe, and interpret the speech. Those with an incarcerated family member have perceived various changes regarding their relationship with the inmate, the relationship with the justice/police, perception of family support, stigma/discrimination, dynamic family, and expectations/feelings. The departure of a family member on the grounds of incarceration requires a readjustment and rearrangement by their relatives. Analyzing the changes perceived by the family when having a member deprived of liberty provides a greater understanding of the subjective meaning of imprisonment for family members. Furthermore, it improves the visibility of an important theme in current society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The marriage is one of the most significant transition periods in human life when the process of girls and boys joining in social life as a new family begins. The fact that the family forms the basis of the social structure has given a universal value to the marriage event that establishes this union. In every society, marriage occurs according to certain rules of the type of culture to which it belongs. For this reason, the customs, traditions, and customs applied during the marriage process constitute the marriage culture of that society. In this study, it has been examined on traditional marriage styles to be seen in Turkish culture geography. Common traditional marriage types which listed as arranged marriage, marriage by kidnapping, marriage through cradle marriage, berder marriage, taygeldi marriage, marriage with sister-in-law, polygamous marriage, otura kalma marriage, marriage with brother-in-law, marriage of siblings' children. Epics and folk tales are valuable resources in terms of providing information about the traditions, customs, family structure, lifestyles, world views and elements that make up the culture of societies. While examining marriage types; examples are given from the epics of the Turkish world, especially the Stories of Dede Korkut, the Epic of Manas, and the Epic of Köroğlu. The family, which forms the basis of the social structure and is born through marriage, bears a great responsibility in instilling and transmitting kinship, solidarity and cultural values to new generations. The integrity of Turkish culture also manifests itself in the institution of marriage. Despite the historical, geographical, social and cultural changes experienced by the Turkish world, the common cultural values that were formed centuries ago still continue today. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Understanding the family structure of a place is as important as understanding its social and economic structure. In this study, it is aimed to investigate the structure of the family in Antakya District between 1760-1766. The qadi registers, in which legal transactions were recorded in the Ottoman Empire, also give a lot of information about the family structure. For this reason, the qadi registers between the abovementioned dates were used for the research. The aim of the study is to determine the information about the social and economic structure of the family as well as the formation and distribution of the family in the documents in the Antakya District qadi registers between 1760-1766. To better understand the family structure, information about engagement, marriage, bride wealth, divorce, and the number of spouses and children were added. In addition, the living space of the family and the items used were tried to be determined. In family formation, it is seen that the disagreements that arise with the engagement of the parties by agreement and the breaking of this engagement are reflected in the court. At the same time, it is seen that he applied to the court for divorce. Information about the amount of bride wealth that the man should give to the woman during or after marriage, the neighborhood where the family lives, the types of houses and the goods used are given. This information reveals the social, economic, and cultural structure of family and understanding of the society in Antakya. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study examined changes in geographic proximity to family members among race and income groups in the United States from 1981 to 2017. Background: Close geographic proximity to family members can facilitate mutual support and strengthen family bonds. Some scholars argue that institutional sources of support have replaced many core family functions, which might mean that households are likely to live increasingly farther away from family. Advancing technology and changing labor market opportunities might reinforce this pattern. Yet, the ongoing cultural and emotional salience of family might curtail the effects of these factors on the increasing distance to family. Method: We conducted a quantitative analysis of longitudinal data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID). We utilized the multigenerational structure of the PSID and restricted‐use geocodes to map kin proximity at every interview from 1981 to 2017. We cross‐classified our sample by race and income, focusing on Black and White respondents across income quartiles (n = 171,501 person‐periods). Results: High‐income White respondents showed the greatest increases in distance from kin over time, whereas proximity to kin among other race‐income groups was relatively stable. Conclusion: Proximate kin has become less central in the lives of high‐income White households over time, whereas close proximity to kin has been the norm over time for other racial and income groups. These results have implications for racial and income differences in kin relations over time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study Year-5 wave, 1,983 children were identified as Head Start eligible children (503 Head Start enrolled children, 1,435 Head Start eligible nonparticipant) to address: (1) How do child and family characteristics differ between Head Start participants and non-participants? (2) How do Head Start-eligible non-participant children utilize other types of care (pre-K, other center care, informal care, and exclusive parental care)? Research Findings: The logistic regression results indicate that Head Start-eligible nonparticipants tend to be the first-born child, born to mothers with low educational attainment and unmarried (single, cohabitating) families, living in deep poverty, and to have a higher number of siblings than those who participated in Head Start. A multinomial regression identified differences pertaining to childcare arrangements as it relates to race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and family structure. Practice or Policy: Head Start eligible families should be informed eligible early childhood education and care programs and services should be provided to assist parents in the enrollment process. The government should expand more formal childcare programs including Head Start to meet the needs of families in deep poverty, children in the child welfare system, children experiencing homelessness, and those facing various risk factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In many democracies, gender differences in voter turnout have narrowed or even reversed. Yet, it appears that women participate more in some circumstances and men in others. Here we study how life trajectories – specifically, marriage and having children – will impact male and female turnout differently, depending on household-level context. To this end, we leverage a unique administrative panel dataset from Italy, an established democracy where traditional family structures remain important. Our within-individual estimates show that marriage increases men's participation to women's higher pre-marital levels, particularly so in low-income families. We also find that infants depress maternal turnout, especially among more traditional families, whereas primary school children stimulate paternal turnout. Exploring aggregate-level consequences, we show that demographic trends in marriage and fertility have contributed to recent shifts in the gender composition of the electorate. Together, our results highlight the importance of the family as a variable in political analyses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cultura del Cuidado Enfermería is the property of Revista Cultura del Cuidado Enfermeria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Larq Journal for Philosophy, Linguistics & Social Sciences is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of this study is twofold. On the one hand, the article provides an overview of current research in the field of family memory, amateur family history and (genetic) genealogy, emphasizing a few areas that are of interest for professional historians. These include the close links between the stories transmitted in families and family identity, its functioning and family resilience; the potential of family history to reveal alternative versions of the national past; and finally, genetic (DNA) genealogy, which has won the favour of tens of millions of adherents worldwide and which is able to redefine historically traditional social structures such as family or kinship. Investigative genetic genealogy is a fresh and burgeoning field that gives amateur family history new dimensions by including it into the investigative leads of law enforcement authorities. In the second line, the article provides examples of research done in the Czech Republic that allow for contextualizing the place and status of genealogy and genetic genealogy in the given country. The article contrasts the optimistic views of researchers about amateur family history, based on its position in countries such as the US, Australia, New Zealand and the UK, with the far less favourable situation in the Czech Republic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Family members in many countries often share caregiving responsibilities for an older relative recovering from an injury. However, few studies have examined strategies employed when multiple family members provide care for an older relative recovering from hip‐fracture surgery. Objective: This study aimed to understand family group caregiving strategies when two or more family members provide caregiving for an older relative recovering from hip‐fracture surgery. Methods: This study used a grounded theory design. Semistructured interviews were conducted over 1 year with 13 Taiwanese family caregivers from five families. Caregivers shared caregiving responsibilities for an older relative (62–92 years of age) recovering from hip‐fracture surgery. Transcribed interviews were analysed using open, axial and selective coding. Results: The core category describing caregiving among family members was 'Preventive Group Management: strategies for family group caregiving'. Three strategies were employed: explicit division of labour (two stem/patriarchal families and one older two‐generation/democratic family); disconnected caregiving (one nuclear/noncommunicative family) and patriarchal caregiving (one extended/traditional Chinese family). Strategies reflected family type, structure, cultural values, communication patterns and available outside support. Components of family group caregiving involved family type's division of labour, approaches to caregiving and implementation challenges and allowed family caregivers to maximise safety and stability and prevent harmful events during their relative's recovery from surgery. Conclusions: There was no one‐size‐fits‐all approach for the strategies of family group caregiving. Components of Preventive Group Management varied with family type, cultural values, communication patterns and available outside support. Healthcare professionals should be sensitive to the dynamics of family caregivers. Implications for Practice: Enhance group management for family caregivers by developing interventions to optimize collaboration, thereby better addressing the needs of older adults recovering from hip fracture surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Motivation The 3D structures of RNA play a critical role in understanding their functionalities. There exist several computational methods to study RNA 3D structures by identifying structural motifs and categorizing them into several motif families based on their structures. Although the number of such motif families is not limited, a few of them are well-studied. Out of these structural motif families, there exist several families that are visually similar or very close in structure, even with different base interactions. Alternatively, some motif families share a set of base interactions but maintain variation in their 3D formations. These similarities among different motif families, if known, can provide a better insight into the RNA 3D structural motifs as well as their characteristic functions in cell biology. Results In this work, we proposed a method, RNAMotifComp, that analyzes the instances of well-known structural motif families and establishes a relational graph among them. We also have designed a method to visualize the relational graph where the families are shown as nodes and their similarity information is represented as edges. We validated our discovered correlations of the motif families using RNAMotifContrast. Additionally, we used a basic Naïve Bayes classifier to show the importance of RNAMotifComp. The relational analysis explains the functional analogies of divergent motif families and illustrates the situations where the motifs of disparate families are predicted to be of the same family. Availability and implementation Source code publicly available at https://github.com/ucfcbb/RNAMotifFamilySimilarity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Feminist family scholars have long called for greater transparency of the partial perspectives embedded within family science. In this paper, I employ feminist reflexive autoethnography to unpack the private motivations that guide my research on family complexity. Using critical storytelling, I trace the personal developments that led to a research program on structurally complex families—families shaped and reshaped by divorce, separations, repartnerships, and remarriages. I explore my commitments to naming the invisible, embracing the messy, and ultimately, humanizing the complicated and meaningful emotions and relationships in families navigating structural changes. I draw upon personal, embodied experiences to theorize about issues and phenomena that have yet to be named in the (step)family scholarship. Finally, I invite others to heed the calls of feminist scholars whose work invites us to consider how private experiences can be leveraged to generate new insights into the complexities of family and social life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article undertakes a systematic review of the current literature on the subject of family diversity in the school context. Its aims are to provide answers to questions such as the difficulties faced by non-traditional nuclear families in the educational context and how teachers, families, and students perceive family diversity. To do so, papers published in scientific journals between 2000 and 2021 have been analyzed. This study was based on a methodology similar to PRISMA method. Results indicated that there were difficulties for new family models and highlighted the need to accept changes in family structures. In addition, the results revealed that trainee teachers showed a greater acceptance of this type of diversity than practicing teachers, and children established the concept of family beyond genetic links. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Camptothecin-like compounds are actively employed as anticancer drugs in clinical treatments. The aromathecin family of compounds, which contains the same indazolidine core structure as the camptothecin family of compounds, is also expected to display promising anticancer activity. Therefore, the development of a suitable and scalable synthetic method of aromathecin synthesis is of great research interest. In this study, we report the development of a new synthetic approach for constructing the pentacyclic scaffold of the aromathecin family by forming the indolizidine moiety after synthesizing the isoquinolone moiety. Thermal cyclization of 2-alkynylbenzaldehyde oxime to the isoquinoline N-oxide, followed by a Reissert–Henze-type reaction, forms the key strategy in this isoquinolone synthesis. Under the optimum reaction conditions for the Reissert–Henze-type reaction step, microwave irradiation-assisted heating of the purified N-oxide in acetic anhydride at 50 °C reduced the formation of the 4-acetoxyisoquinoline byproduct to deliver the desired isoquinolone at a 73% yield after just 3.5 h. The eight-step sequence employed afforded rosettacin (simplest member of the aromathecin family) at a 23.8% overall yield. The synthesis of rosettacin analogs was achieved by applying the developed strategy and may be generally applicable to the production of other fused indolizidine compounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This article has two objectives. The first is to describe the procedures, characteristics, and, above all, the rationalities present in three Chilean State institutions in matters of filiation. The second is to analyze how these rationalities impact families that are not represented in public policies, such as LGBTIQ+ families. Method: A documentary analysis was used. The analysis focused on official documents, freely accessible, from three public institutions, understood as local centers of experience. Specifically: (a) the Assisted Reproduction Program of the National Health Fund (FONASA); (b) the State Adoption Office "Mejor Niñez" [Better Childhood]; and (c) the Civil Registry. For the above, approaches to governmentality and post-structuralist analysis of public policies within a documentary analysis methodology were considered to be theoretical–conceptual supports. Results and analysis: The findings reveal a general lack of mention of LGBTIQ+ families and a heteronormative structure in the process of designing official documents from the State. This may exclude these families from public policies. Conclusions: It is concluded that a broader and more diverse understanding of the problems that the State should seek to represent would contribute to a greater representation of diversity in public policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives Intergenerational coresidence and interdependence among family members are salient forms of family support. However, they can also likely increase social and physical contact and thus potential coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) transmission, especially among older adults. This study makes an original contribution to the literature by investigating which individual and household characteristics are associated with the risk of COVID-19 contagion among community-dwelling adults aged 50 years or older living in 27 European countries. We accounted for multiple indicators of intergenerational relationships and conducted a gendered analysis. Methods The data came from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE), including 2 waves of the SHARE Corona Survey. Using linear probability models, the risk of experiencing COVID-19 outcomes was predicted by different family structures and intergenerational relationship indicators. Results While intergenerational coresidence was not associated with the risk of COVID-19, a higher frequency of face-to-face contact with adult children was associated with a lower risk of COVID-19 among mothers. This result stresses the importance of social support from adult children during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, we also showed that grandparents who took care of grandchildren were at a higher risk of COVID-19. Additionally, childless individuals had a lower risk of COVID-19 during the second wave of the pandemic. Discussion This study highlights the importance of intergenerational relationships in pandemic studies and underscores the need to examine how intergenerational ties might be a source of social support. Implications for policy interventions are discussed in the final section. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]