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The objective of this essay is to determine if (and to what extent) the surgical and medical techniques used during the First World War in Lyon by the French stomatologist Albéric Pont to cure and repair injured faces can be considered as innovations in the history of medicine and surgery (especially in the history of maxillofacial surgery). In this perspective, we analyze Dr Pont's practices through an exceptional collection of visual documents and through his published papers and scientific communications. How did Pont reinvest former practices (invented before the war) in his medical and surgical exercise? In which ways did the emergency and the new kind of face injuries led him to transform his techniques and practices, and did the necessities of care give rise to inventions? More widely, did Pont brought any transformations in the surgical and medical care of face traumas during the 20th century? [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]