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Dye-sensitized Solar Cells (DSSCs) have been successfully fabricated by using ZnO nanoparticles (NPs). The ZnO photoelectrode was prepared by using pastes solved in water-based and ethanol-based solvent. The ZnO NPs was synthesized by copresipitation method, prepared by reaction from Zinc Acetate with diethylene glycol (DEG). The obtained ZnO NPs has 13.93 nm particle diameter. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) showed that ZnO NPs from monodisperse spherical aggregate with particle diameter of approximately 300nm. The band gap was found of 3.29eV. Variations of annealing temperature were carried out in photo-electrode fabrication. This work employs extracts from mangosteen pericarp as natural dye for fabrication of DSSCs. DSSCs were fabricated in sandwich structure with redox couple electrolyte I3-/I- and Pt-catalyst counter electrode. The best efficiency of 0.11% (Voc = 232.4 mV, Jsc = 111.6 µA/cm2, FF = 61.41 %) was obtained for DSSCs using ZnO photo-electrode prepared by ethanol-based paste and 200°C of annealing temperature.

One of the critical parameters in the fabrication of fiber optic is refractive index value from the fiber optic material. That is because the main requirement phase of critical angle on the fiber optic waveguide is a core refractive index higher than the cladding. Therefore, refractive index values must be calculated first. The research aim is to study refractive index value of fiber optic material on the fiber optic fabrication. Refractive index value determined by using the brewster method. For this aim, the first step is an establish glass silica to a thin plate. Then thin plate inserts to the sketch of brewster experiment. The brewster method has the aim to determine the reflectance value of the light on transfer magnetic (TM) polarization. The Brewster angle determined by searching the minimum reflectance value of the light on this TM polarization. In this research, the brewster angle obtained by 55.333 degrees. This brewster angle used to calculate the refractive index value from the fiber optic material glass silica. The result of refractive index value at 1.446.