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The research aimed to identify the indicators of access the US market for medical and aromatic plants, using the price competitiveness the Egyptian market share and the market share model. The research reached .several important results as the most important exporters to the US market are (India, China, Mexico, Egypt, Germany, Turkey). These countries account for about 78.2% percent of the total imports in US market and Egypt is well positioned for price competitiveness for all countries exporting medical and aromatic plants in the US market. Egypt comes in fourth place to the list of the most important exporters to America by about 9 .6% of the total US imports of medical and aromatic plants, the market share of Egypt's characterized by fluctuated between the increase and decrease during the period (1994-2017). As for factors affecting the Egyptian market share using the market model. Results showed that the price ratio variable between Egypt and China is consistent in line with the economic logic, were it indicates the inverse relationship between the price ratio and the market share of Egypt. There was also a positive relationship between the variable rate of market share and the percentage of Egyptian market participation. The research ended with some recommendation that would increase the rich exports of medical and aromatic plants in general and the US market in particular. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the marginal effects of traditional determinants of exports and imports with a focus on the role of price competitiveness in restoring external balances in the euro area. It is a first attempt to compare marginal effects of various harmonised competitiveness indicators (HCIs) on both exports and imports of both goods and services across individual euro area countries. We find evidence that HCIs based on broader cost and price measures have a larger marginal effect (with some exceptions) on exports of goods. Exports of services are sensitive to HCIs in big euro area countries and Slovakia, where exports of services are also found more sensitive to competitiveness indicators based on broader price measures. Imports of goods and imports of services are quite insensitive to changes in relative prices. Finally, in some cases measures of fit indicate that a large unexplained residual part is present, implying that other non-price related factors might play an important role in driving foreign trade and policies aimed at enhancing the quality of goods traded are warranted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article we consider Russia's position by export and import prices over a ten-year period (2002-11) relative to average global levels among Foreign Economic Activity Commodity Nomenclature groups. We propose a composite index of export price competitiveness as a means of assessing the quality of Russian export, and also of rating price competitiveness by commodity group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the process of preparing a state for the accession to the Euro Zone it is essential to analyze the price competitiveness of that state's economy and the challenges that entrepreneurs will have to face in the new economic environment. In the present paper the authors want to capture some aspects of the competitiveness of the Romanian economy and implicit its entrepreneurs with emphasis on price competitiveness, whereas accession to the Euro Zone implies giving up to the independence of exchange rate policy, with a huge impact on price competitiveness. For this purpose this study will highlight a few elements on the relative importance of price competitiveness of entrepreneurs' exports performance. The process of accessing Euro Zone creates significant changes in the existing way of conducting business and impacts significantly entire business environment - and this will become evident also for Romania. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]