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Start Over Author "Jhangiani, Shalini N." Topic exome sequencing
17 results on '"Jhangiani, Shalini N."'

1. HMZDupFinder: a robust computational approach for detecting intragenic homozygous duplications from exome sequencing data.

Author

Du H, Dardas Z, Jolly A, Grochowski CM, Jhangiani SN, Li H, Muzny D, Fatih JM, Yesil G, Elçioglu NH, Gezdirici A, Marafi D, Pehlivan D, Calame DG, Carvalho CMB, Posey JE, Gambin T, Coban-Akdemir Z, and Lupski JR

Subjects
Humans, Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing, Homozygote, Rare Diseases genetics, DNA Copy Number Variations, Exome Sequencing, Software
Abstract

Homozygous duplications contribute to genetic disease by altering gene dosage or disrupting gene regulation and can be more deleterious to organismal biology than heterozygous duplications. Intragenic exonic duplications can result in loss-of-function (LoF) or gain-of-function (GoF) alleles that when homozygosed, i.e. brought to homozygous state at a locus by identity by descent or state, could potentially result in autosomal recessive (AR) rare disease traits. However, the detection and functional interpretation of homozygous duplications from exome sequencing data remains a challenge. We developed a framework algorithm, HMZDupFinder, that is designed to detect exonic homozygous duplications from exome sequencing (ES) data. The HMZDupFinder algorithm can efficiently process large datasets and accurately identifies small intragenic duplications, including those associated with rare disease traits. HMZDupFinder called 965 homozygous duplications with three or less exons from 8,707 ES with a recall rate of 70.9% and a precision of 16.1%. We experimentally confirmed 8/10 rare homozygous duplications. Pathogenicity assessment of these copy number variant alleles allowed clinical genomics contextualization for three homozygous duplications alleles, including two affecting known OMIM disease genes EDAR (MIM# 224900), TNNT1(MIM# 605355), and one variant in a novel candidate disease gene: PAAF1., (© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Nucleic Acids Research.)

Published
2024
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2. Exome sequencing in children with clinically suspected maturity-onset diabetes of the young.

Author

Tosur M, Soler-Alfonso C, Chan KM, Khayat MM, Jhangiani SN, Meng Q, Refaey A, Muzny D, Gibbs RA, Murdock DR, Posey JE, Balasubramanyam A, Redondo MJ, and Sabo A

Subjects
Adolescent, Autoantibodies blood, Child, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Diagnosis, Differential, Female, Frameshift Mutation genetics, Genetic Variation, Humans, Islets of Langerhans immunology, Male, Mutation, Missense genetics, Pedigree, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 genetics, Exome Sequencing
Abstract

Objective: Commercial gene panels identify pathogenic variants in as low as 27% of patients suspected to have MODY, suggesting the role of yet unidentified pathogenic variants. We sought to identify novel gene variants associated with MODY., Research Design and Methods: We recruited 10 children with a clinical suspicion of MODY but non-diagnostic commercial MODY gene panels. We performed exome sequencing (ES) in them and their parents., Results: Mean age at diabetes diagnosis was 10 (± 3.8) years. Six were females; 4 were non-Hispanic white, 5 Hispanic, and 1 Asian. Our variant prioritization analysis identified a pathogenic, de novo variant in INS (c.94G > A, p.Gly32Ser), confirmed by Sanger sequencing, in a proband who was previously diagnosed with "autoantibody-negative type 1 diabetes (T1D)" at 3 y/o. This rare variant, absent in the general population (gnomAD database), has been reported previously in neonatal diabetes. We also identified a frameshift deletion (c.2650delC, p.Gln884AsnfsTer57) in RFX6 in a child with a previous diagnosis of "autoantibody-negative T1D" at 12 y/o. The variant was inherited from the mother, who was diagnosed with "thin type 2 diabetes" at 25 y/o. Heterozygous protein-truncating variants in RFX6 gene have been recently reported in individuals with MODY., Conclusions: We diagnosed two patients with MODY using ES in children initially classified as "T1D". One has a likely pathogenic novel gene variant not previously associated with MODY. We demonstrate the clinical utility of ES in patients with clinical suspicion of MODY., (© 2021 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Published
2021
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3. A diagnostic ceiling for exome sequencing in cerebellar ataxia and related neurological disorders.

Author

Ngo KJ, Rexach JE, Lee H, Petty LE, Perlman S, Valera JM, Deignan JL, Mao Y, Aker M, Posey JE, Jhangiani SN, Coban-Akdemir ZH, Boerwinkle E, Muzny D, Nelson AB, Hassin-Baer S, Poke G, Neas K, Geschwind MD, Grody WW, Gibbs R, Geschwind DH, Lupski JR, Below JE, Nelson SF, and Fogel BL

Subjects
DNA Copy Number Variations, Genetic Association Studies, Genetic Linkage, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Humans, Microsatellite Repeats, Cerebellar Ataxia diagnosis, Cerebellar Ataxia genetics, Exome, Nervous System Diseases diagnosis, Nervous System Diseases genetics, Exome Sequencing
Abstract

Genetic ataxias are associated with mutations in hundreds of genes with high phenotypic overlap complicating the clinical diagnosis. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) has increased the overall diagnostic rate considerably. However, the upper limit of this method remains ill-defined, hindering efforts to address the remaining diagnostic gap. To further assess the role of rare coding variation in ataxic disorders, we reanalyzed our previously published exome cohort of 76 predominantly adult and sporadic-onset patients, expanded the total number of cases to 260, and introduced analyses for copy number variation and repeat expansion in a representative subset. For new cases (n = 184), our resulting clinically relevant detection rate remained stable at 47% with 24% classified as pathogenic. Reanalysis of the previously sequenced 76 patients modestly improved the pathogenic rate by 7%. For the combined cohort (n = 260), the total observed clinical detection rate was 52% with 25% classified as pathogenic. Published studies of similar neurological phenotypes report comparable rates. This consistency across multiple cohorts suggests that, despite continued technical and analytical advancements, an approximately 50% diagnostic rate marks a relative ceiling for current WES-based methods and a more comprehensive genome-wide assessment is needed to identify the missing causative genetic etiologies for cerebellar ataxia and related neurodegenerative diseases., (© 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)

Published
2020
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4. Exome Sequencing of a Primary Ovarian Insufficiency Cohort Reveals Common Molecular Etiologies for a Spectrum of Disease.

Author

Jolly A, Bayram Y, Turan S, Aycan Z, Tos T, Abali ZY, Hacihamdioglu B, Coban Akdemir ZH, Hijazi H, Bas S, Atay Z, Guran T, Abali S, Bas F, Darendeliler F, Colombo R, Barakat TS, Rinne T, White JJ, Yesil G, Gezdirici A, Gulec EY, Karaca E, Pehlivan D, Jhangiani SN, Muzny DM, Poyrazoglu S, Bereket A, Gibbs RA, Posey JE, and Lupski JR

Subjects
Cell Cycle Proteins genetics, Cohort Studies, DNA Helicases genetics, DNA-Binding Proteins genetics, Female, Gene Frequency, Humans, Hypogonadism genetics, Immunoglobulins genetics, Minichromosome Maintenance Proteins genetics, Primary Ovarian Insufficiency etiology, Primary Ovarian Insufficiency genetics, Exome Sequencing
Abstract

Context: Primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) encompasses a spectrum of premature menopause, including both primary and secondary amenorrhea. For 75% to 90% of individuals with hypergonadotropic hypogonadism presenting as POI, the molecular etiology is unknown. Common etiologies include chromosomal abnormalities, environmental factors, and congenital disorders affecting ovarian development and function, as well as syndromic and nonsyndromic single gene disorders suggesting POI represents a complex trait., Objective: To characterize the contribution of known disease genes to POI and identify molecular etiologies and biological underpinnings of POI., Design, Setting, and Participants: We applied exome sequencing (ES) and family-based genomics to 42 affected female individuals from 36 unrelated Turkish families, including 31 with reported parental consanguinity., Results: This analysis identified likely damaging, potentially contributing variants and molecular diagnoses in 16 families (44%), including 11 families with likely damaging variants in known genes and five families with predicted deleterious variants in disease genes (IGSF10, MND1, MRPS22, and SOHLH1) not previously associated with POI. Of the 16 families, 2 (13%) had evidence for potentially pathogenic variants at more than one locus. Absence of heterozygosity consistent with identity-by-descent mediated recessive disease burden contributes to molecular diagnosis in 15 of 16 (94%) families. GeneMatcher allowed identification of additional families from diverse genetic backgrounds., Conclusions: ES analysis of a POI cohort further characterized locus heterogeneity, reaffirmed the association of genes integral to meiotic recombination, demonstrated the likely contribution of genes involved in hypothalamic development, and documented multilocus pathogenic variation suggesting the potential for oligogenic inheritance contributing to the development of POI., (Copyright © 2019 Endocrine Society.)

Published
2019
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5. Whole-exome sequencing in the molecular diagnosis of individuals with congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract and identification of a new causative gene.

Author

Bekheirnia MR, Bekheirnia N, Bainbridge MN, Gu S, Coban Akdemir ZH, Gambin T, Janzen NK, Jhangiani SN, Muzny DM, Michael M, Brewer ED, Elenberg E, Kale AS, Riley AA, Swartz SJ, Scott DA, Yang Y, Srivaths PR, Wenderfer SE, Bodurtha J, Applegate CD, Velinov M, Myers A, Borovik L, Craigen WJ, Hanchard NA, Rosenfeld JA, Lewis RA, Gonzales ET, Gibbs RA, Belmont JW, Roth DR, Eng C, Braun MC, Lupski JR, and Lamb DJ

Subjects
Adolescent, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Forkhead Transcription Factors genetics, Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 1-beta genetics, Humans, Infant, Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins genetics, Male, Nuclear Proteins genetics, PAX2 Transcription Factor genetics, Pedigree, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases genetics, Repressor Proteins genetics, Urogenital Abnormalities genetics, Vesico-Ureteral Reflux genetics, Young Adult, DNA Copy Number Variations, Genetic Predisposition to Disease genetics, Urogenital Abnormalities diagnosis, Vesico-Ureteral Reflux diagnosis, Exome Sequencing methods
Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the utility of whole-exome sequencing (WES) to define a molecular diagnosis for patients clinically diagnosed with congenital anomalies of kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT)., Methods: WES was performed in 62 families with CAKUT. WES data were analyzed for single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) in 35 known CAKUT genes, putatively deleterious sequence changes in new candidate genes, and potentially disease-associated copy-number variants (CNVs)., Results: In approximately 5% of families, pathogenic SNVs were identified in PAX2, HNF1B, and EYA1. Observed phenotypes in these families expand the current understanding about the role of these genes in CAKUT. Four pathogenic CNVs were also identified using two CNV detection tools. In addition, we found one deleterious de novo SNV in FOXP1 among the 62 families with CAKUT. The clinical database of the Baylor Miraca Genetics laboratory was queried and seven additional unrelated individuals with novel de novo SNVs in FOXP1 were identified. Six of these eight individuals with FOXP1 SNVs have syndromic urinary tract defects, implicating this gene in urinary tract development., Conclusion: We conclude that WES can be used to identify molecular etiology (SNVs, CNVs) in a subset of individuals with CAKUT. WES can also help identify novel CAKUT genes.Genet Med 19 4, 412-420.

Published
2017
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6. Bi-allelic Variants in TONSL Cause SPONASTRIME Dysplasia and a Spectrum of Skeletal Dysplasia Phenotypes

Author

Burrage, Lindsay C, Reynolds, John J, Baratang, Nissan Vida, Phillips, Jennifer B, Wegner, Jeremy, McFarquhar, Ashley, Higgs, Martin R, Christiansen, Audrey E, Lanza, Denise G, Seavitt, John R, Jain, Mahim, Li, Xiaohui, Parry, David A, Raman, Vandana, Chitayat, David, Chinn, Ivan K, Bertuch, Alison A, Karaviti, Lefkothea, Schlesinger, Alan E, Earl, Dawn, Bamshad, Michael, Savarirayan, Ravi, Doddapaneni, Harsha, Muzny, Donna, Jhangiani, Shalini N, Eng, Christine M, Gibbs, Richard A, Bi, Weimin, Emrick, Lisa, Rosenfeld, Jill A, Postlethwait, John, Westerfield, Monte, Dickinson, Mary E, Beaudet, Arthur L, Ranza, Emmanuelle, Huber, Celine, Cormier-Daire, Valérie, Shen, Wei, Mao, Rong, Heaney, Jason D, Orange, Jordan S, Genomics, University of Washington Center for Mendelian, Network, Undiagnosed Diseases, Adams, David R, Aday, Aaron, Alejandro, Mercedes E, Allard, Patrick, Ashley, Euan A, Azamian, Mahshid S, Bacino, Carlos A, Baker, Eva, Balasubramanyam, Ashok, Barseghyan, Hayk, Batzli, Gabriel F, Beggs, Alan H, Behnam, Babak, Bellen, Hugo J, Bernstein, Jonathan A, Berry, Gerard T, Bican, Anna, Bick, David P, Birch, Camille L, Bonner, Devon, Boone, Braden E, Bostwick, Bret L, Briere, Lauren C, Brokamp, Elly, Brown, Donna M, Brush, Matthew, Burke, Elizabeth A, Butte, Manish J, Chen, Shan, Clark, Gary D, Coakley, Terra R, Cogan, Joy D, Colley, Heather A, Cooper, Cynthia M, Cope, Heidi, Craigen, William J, D’Souza, Precilla, Davids, Mariska, Davidson, Jean M, Dayal, Jyoti G, Dell’Angelica, Esteban C, Dhar, Shweta U, Dipple, Katrina M, Donnell-Fink, Laurel A, Dorrani, Naghmeh, Dorset, Daniel C, Douine, Emilie D, Draper, David D, Dries, Annika M, Duncan, Laura, Eckstein, David J, Emrick, Lisa T, Enns, Gregory M, Eskin, Ascia, and Esteves, Cecilia

Subjects
Biological Sciences, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Genetics, Rare Diseases, Clinical Research, Congenital Structural Anomalies, Pediatric, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Adolescent, Adult, Alleles, Animals, Cells, Cultured, Child, Child, Preschool, Chromosomal Instability, DNA Damage, Female, Fibroblasts, Genetic Association Studies, Genetic Variation, Humans, Mice, Mice, Knockout, Musculoskeletal Abnormalities, NF-kappa B, Osteochondrodysplasias, Exome Sequencing, Young Adult, Zebrafish, University of Washington Center for Mendelian Genomics, Undiagnosed Diseases Network, DNA repair, DNA replication, SPONASTRIME dysplasia, TONSL, exome sequencing, skeletal dysplasia, Medical and Health Sciences, Genetics & Heredity, Biological sciences, Biomedical and clinical sciences, Health sciences
Abstract

SPONASTRIME dysplasia is an autosomal-recessive spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia characterized by spine (spondylar) abnormalities, midface hypoplasia with a depressed nasal bridge, metaphyseal striations, and disproportionate short stature. Scoliosis, coxa vara, childhood cataracts, short dental roots, and hypogammaglobulinemia have also been reported in this disorder. Although an autosomal-recessive inheritance pattern has been hypothesized, pathogenic variants in a specific gene have not been discovered in individuals with SPONASTRIME dysplasia. Here, we identified bi-allelic variants in TONSL, which encodes the Tonsoku-like DNA repair protein, in nine subjects (from eight families) with SPONASTRIME dysplasia, and four subjects (from three families) with short stature of varied severity and spondylometaphyseal dysplasia with or without immunologic and hematologic abnormalities, but no definitive metaphyseal striations at diagnosis. The finding of early embryonic lethality in a Tonsl-/- murine model and the discovery of reduced length, spinal abnormalities, reduced numbers of neutrophils, and early lethality in a tonsl-/- zebrafish model both support the hypomorphic nature of the identified TONSL variants. Moreover, functional studies revealed increased amounts of spontaneous replication fork stalling and chromosomal aberrations, as well as fewer camptothecin (CPT)-induced RAD51 foci in subject-derived cell lines. Importantly, these cellular defects were rescued upon re-expression of wild-type (WT) TONSL; this rescue is consistent with the hypothesis that hypomorphic TONSL variants are pathogenic. Overall, our studies in humans, mice, zebrafish, and subject-derived cell lines confirm that pathogenic variants in TONSL impair DNA replication and homologous recombination-dependent repair processes, and they lead to a spectrum of skeletal dysplasia phenotypes with numerous extra-skeletal manifestations.

Published
2019

7. Enrichment of mutations in chromatin regulators in people with Rett syndrome lacking mutations in MECP2

Author

Sajan, Samin A, Jhangiani, Shalini N, Muzny, Donna M, Gibbs, Richard A, Lupski, James R, Glaze, Daniel G, Kaufmann, Walter E, Skinner, Steven A, Annese, Fran, Friez, Michael J, Lane, Jane, Percy, Alan K, and Neul, Jeffrey L

Subjects
Biological Sciences, Genetics, Mental Health, Pediatric, Rett Syndrome, Rare Diseases, Neurodegenerative, Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (IDD), Brain Disorders, Neurosciences, Human Genome, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Congenital, Adolescent, Adult, Child, Child, Preschool, Chromatin, DNA Copy Number Variations, Female, Forkhead Transcription Factors, Humans, Infant, Male, Methyl-CpG-Binding Protein 2, Mutation, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases, Exome Sequencing, chromatin regulation, CNV, exome sequencing, glutamate signaling, Rett syndrome, Clinical Sciences, Genetics & Heredity
Abstract

PurposeRett syndrome (RTT) is a neurodevelopmental disorder caused primarily by de novo mutations in MECP2 and sometimes in CDKL5 and FOXG1. However, some RTT patients lack mutations in these genes.MethodsTwenty-two RTT patients without apparent MECP2, CDKL5, and FOXG1 mutations were subjected to both whole-exome sequencing and single-nucleotide polymorphism array-based copy-number variant (CNV) analyses.ResultsThree patients had MECP2 mutations initially missed by clinical testing. Of the remaining 19, 17 (89.5%) had 29 other likely pathogenic intragenic mutations and/or CNVs (10 patients had 2 or more). Interestingly, 13 patients had mutations in a gene/region previously reported in other neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), thereby providing a potential diagnostic yield of 68.4%. These mutations were significantly enriched in chromatin regulators (corrected P = 0.0068) and moderately enriched in postsynaptic cell membrane molecules (corrected P = 0.076), implicating glutamate receptor signaling.ConclusionThe genetic etiology of RTT without MECP2, CDKL5, and FOXG1 mutations is heterogeneous, overlaps with other NDDs, and complicated by a high mutation burden. Dysregulation of chromatin structure and abnormal excitatory synaptic signaling may form two common pathological bases of RTT.Genet Med 19 1, 13-19.

Published
2017

8. Low-level parental somatic mosaic SNVs in exomes from a large cohort of trios with diverse suspected Mendelian conditions

Author

Gambin, Tomasz, Liu, Qian, Karolak, Justyna A., Grochowski, Christopher M., Xie, Nina G., Wu, Lucia R., Yan, Yan Helen, Cao, Ye, Coban Akdemir, Zeynep H., Wilson, Theresa A., Jhangiani, Shalini N., Chen, Ed, Eng, Christine M., Muzny, Donna, Posey, Jennifer E., Yang, Yaping, Zhang, David Y., Shaw, Chad, Liu, Pengfei, Lupski, James R., and Stankiewicz, Paweł

Published
2020
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9. A potential founder variant in CARMIL2/RLTPR in three Norwegian families with warts, molluscum contagiosum, and T-cell dysfunction.

Author

Sorte, Hanne S., Osnes, Liv T., Fevang, Børre, Aukrust, Pål, Erichsen, Hans C., Backe, Paul H., Abrahamsen, Tore G., Kittang, Ole B., Øverland, Torstein, Jhangiani, Shalini N., Muzny, Donna M., Vigeland, Magnus D., Samarakoon, Pubudu, Gambin, Tomasz, Akdemir, Zeynep H. C., Gibbs, Richard A., Rødningen, Olaug K., Lyle, Robert, Lupski, James R., and Stray ‐ Pedersen, Asbjørg

Subjects
HETEROZYGOSITY, WARTS, MOLLUSCUM contagiosum, T cells, EXOMES, IMMUNODEFICIENCY
Abstract

Background Four patients from three Norwegian families presented with a common skin phenotype of warts, molluscum contagiosum, and dermatitis since early childhood, and various other immunological features. Warts are a common manifestation of human papilloma virus ( HPV), but when they are overwhelming, disseminated and/or persistent, and presenting together with other immunological features, a primary immunodeficiency disease ( PIDD) may be suspected. Methods and results The four patients were exome sequenced as part of a larger study for detecting genetic causes of primary immunodeficiencies. No disease-causing variants were identified in known primary immunodeficiency genes or in other disease-related OMIM genes. However, the same homozygous missense variant in CARMIL2 (also known as RLTPR) was identified in all four patients. In each family, the variant was located within a narrow region of homozygosity, representing a potential region of autozygosity. CARMIL2 is a protein of undetermined function. A role in T-cell activation has been suggested and the mouse protein homolog (Rltpr) is essential for costimulation of T-cell activation via CD28, and for the development of regulatory T cells. Immunophenotyping demonstrated reduced regulatory, CD4+ memory, and CD4+ follicular T cells in all four patients. In addition, they all seem to have a deficiency in IFN γ -synthesis in CD4+ T cells and NK cells. Conclusions We report a novel primary immunodeficiency, and a differential molecular diagnosis to CXCR4-, DOCK8-, GATA2-, MAGT1-, MCM4-, STK4-, RHOH-, TMC6-, and TMC8-related diseases. The specific variant may represent a Norwegian founder variant segregating on a population-specific haplotype. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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10. FBN1 contributing to familial congenital diaphragmatic hernia.

Author

Beck, Tyler F., Campeau, Philippe M., Jhangiani, Shalini N., Gambin, Tomasz, Li, Alexander H., Abo‐Zahrah, Reem, Jordan, Valerie K., Hernandez‐Garcia, Andres, Wiszniewski, Wojciech K., Muzny, Donna, Gibbs, Richard A., Boerwinkle, Eric, Lupski, James R., Lee, Brendan, Reardon, Willie, and Scott, Daryl A.

Abstract

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a relatively common, life-threatening birth defect. We present a family with recurrent CDH-paraesophageal and central-for whom exome sequencing (ES) revealed a frameshift mutation (c.4969_4970insA, p.Ile1657Asnfs*30) in the fibrillin 1 gene ( FBN1) that causes Marfan syndrome. A diagnosis of Marfan syndrome had not been considered previously in this family. However, a review of the literature demonstrated that FBN1 mutations have an unusual pattern of CDH in which paraesophageal hernias are particularly common. Subsequent clinical evaluations revealed evidence for ectopia lentis in affected family members supporting a clinical diagnosis of Marfan syndrome. Since only two other cases of familial CDH have been described in association with FBN1 mutations, we investigated an oligogenic hypothesis by examining ES data for deleterious sequence changes in other CDH-related genes. This search revealed putatively deleterious sequence changes in four other genes that have been shown to cause diaphragm defects in humans and/or mice- FREM1, DES, PAX3 and MET. It is unclear whether these changes, alone or in aggregate, are contributing to the development of CDH in this family. However, their individual contribution is likely to be small compared to that of the frameshift mutation in FBN1. We conclude that ES can be used to identify both major and minor genetic factors that may contribute to CDH. These results also suggest that ES should be considered in the diagnostic evaluation of individuals and families with CDH, particularly when other diagnostic modalities have failed to reveal a molecular etiology. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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11. Exome variant discrepancies due to reference-genome differences.

Author

Li, He, Dawood, Moez, Khayat, Michael M., Farek, Jesse R., Jhangiani, Shalini N., Khan, Ziad M., Mitani, Tadahiro, Coban-Akdemir, Zeynep, Lupski, James R., Venner, Eric, Posey, Jennifer E., Sabo, Aniko, and Gibbs, Richard A.

Subjects
*GENOME-wide association studies, *EXOMES, *MEDICAL research, *PHENOTYPES, *HUMAN genome
Abstract

Despite release of the GRCh38 human reference genome more than seven years ago, GRCh37 remains more widely used by most research and clinical laboratories. To date, no study has quantified the impact of utilizing different reference assemblies for the identification of variants associated with rare and common diseases from large-scale exome-sequencing data. By calling variants on both the GRCh37 and GRCh38 references, we identified single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) and insertion-deletions (indels) in 1,572 exomes from participants with Mendelian diseases and their family members. We found that a total of 1.5% of SNVs and 2.0% of indels were discordant when different references were used. Notably, 76.6% of the discordant variants were clustered within discrete discordant reference patches (DISCREPs) comprising only 0.9% of loci targeted by exome sequencing. These DISCREPs were enriched for genomic elements including segmental duplications, fix patch sequences, and loci known to contain alternate haplotypes. We identified 206 genes significantly enriched for discordant variants, most of which were in DISCREPs and caused by multi-mapped reads on the reference assembly that lacked the variant call. Among these 206 genes, eight are implicated in known Mendelian diseases and 53 are associated with common phenotypes from genome-wide association studies. In addition, variant interpretations could also be influenced by the reference after lifting-over variant loci to another assembly. Overall, we identified genes and genomic loci affected by reference assembly choice, including genes associated with Mendelian disorders and complex human diseases that require careful evaluation in both research and clinical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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12. Exome Sequencing of a Primary Ovarian Insufficiency Cohort Reveals Common Molecular Etiologies for a Spectrum of Disease

Author

Serap Turan, Zeynep Coban Akdemir, Angad Jolly, Firdevs Bas, Davut Pehlivan, Hadia Hijazi, Zehra Yavas Abali, Tuula Rinne, Jennifer E. Posey, Yavuz Bayram, Tahsin Stefan Barakat, Tulay Tos, Roberto Colombo, Shalini N. Jhangiani, Gozde Yesil, Sukran Poyrazoglu, Zeynep Atay, Alper Gezdirici, James R. Lupski, Donna M. Muzny, Tulay Guran, Zehra Aycan, Richard A. Gibbs, Elif Yilmaz Gulec, Janson White, Serpil Bas, Ender Karaca, Feyza Darendeliler, Abdullah Bereket, Bülent Hacıhamdioğlu, Saygin Abali, İstinye Üniversitesi, Tıp Fakültesi, Dahili Tıp Bilimleri Bölümü, Bülent Hacıhamdioğlu / 0000-0001-7070-6429, Hacihamdioglu, Bulent, Bülent Hacıhamdioğlu / GBK-6773-2022, Bülent Hacıhamdioğlu / 22134579900, Clinical Genetics, YEŞİL, Gözde, Jolly, Angad, Bayram, Yavuz, Turan, Serap, Aycan, Zehra, Tos, Tulay, Abali, Zehra Yavas, Akdemir, Zeynep Hande Coban, Hijazi, Hadia, Bas, Serpil, Atay, Zeynep, Guran, Tulay, Abali, Saygin, Bas, Firdevs, Darendeliler, Feyza, Colombo, Roberto, Barakat, Tahsin Stefan, Rinne, Tuula, White, Janson J., Yesil, Gozde, Gezdirici, Alper, Gulec, Elif Yilmaz, Karaca, Ender, Pehlivan, Davut, Jhangiani, Shalini N., Muzny, Donna M., Poyrazoglu, Sukran, Bereket, Abdullah, Gibbs, Richard A., Posey, Jennifer E., and Lupski, James R.

Subjects
MECHANISM, 0301 basic medicine, endocrine system diseases, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Clinical Biochemistry, PROTEIN, Cell Cycle Proteins, Disease, Primary Ovarian Insufficiency, VARIANTS, Biochemistry, Cohort Studies, 0302 clinical medicine, Endocrinology, Gene Frequency, Locus heterogeneity, FAILURE, Exome sequencing, Jolly A., Bayram Y., Turan S., Aycan Z., Tos T., Abali Z. Y. , Hacihamdioglu B., Akdemir Z. H. C. , Hijazi H., Bas S., et al., -Exome Sequencing of a Primary Ovarian Insufficiency Cohort Reveals Common Molecular Etiologies for a Spectrum of Disease-, JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM, cilt.104, ss.3049-3067, 2019, Genetics, 030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine, Minichromosome Maintenance Proteins, REARRANGEMENTS, Oligogenic Inheritance, DNA-Binding Proteins, INSIGHTS, Female, medicine.medical_specialty, Immunoglobulins, Locus (genetics), Genomics, Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, Hypergonadotropic hypogonadism, All institutes and research themes of the Radboud University Medical Center, Internal medicine, Exome Sequencing, medicine, Humans, HOP2-MND1, Settore BIO/10 - BIOCHIMICA, Allele frequency, Clinical Research Articles, Neurodevelopmental disorders Donders Center for Medical Neuroscience [Radboudumc 7], IDENTIFICATION, MUTATIONS, Hypogonadism, Biochemistry (medical), DNA Helicases, medicine.disease, GENE, 030104 developmental biology, exome
Abstract

Context: Primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) encompasses a spectrum of premature menopause, including both primary and secondary amenorrhea. For 75% to 90% of individuals with hyper-gonadotropic hypogonadism presenting as POI, the molecular etiology is unknown. Common etiologies include chromosomal abnormalities, environmental factors, and congenital disorders affecting ovarian development and function, as well as syndromic and nonsyndromic single gene disorders suggesting POI represents a complex trait. Objective: To characterize the contribution of known disease genes to POI and identify molecular etiologies and biological underpinnings of POI. Design, Setting, and Participants: We applied exome sequencing (ES) and family-based genomics to 42 affected female individuals from 36 unrelated Turkish families, including 31 with reported parental consanguinity. Results: This analysis identified likely damaging, potentially contributing variants and molecular diagnoses in 16 families (44%), including 11 families with likely damaging variants in known genes and five families with predicted deleterious variants in disease genes (IGSF10, MND1, MRPS22, and SOHLH1) not previously associated with POI. Of the 16 families, 2 (13%) had evidence for potentially pathogenic variants at more than one locus. Absence of heterozygosity consistent with identity-by-descent mediated recessive disease burden contributes to molecular diagnosis in 15 of 16 (94%) families. GeneMatcher allowed identification of additional families from diverse genetic backgrounds. Conclusions: ES analysis of a POI cohort further characterized locus heterogeneity, reaffirmed the association of genes integral to meiotic recombination, demonstrated the likely contribution of genes involved in hypothalamic development, and documented multilocus pathogenic variation suggesting the potential for oligogenic inheritance contributing to the development of POI. National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI)United States Department of Health & Human ServicesNational Institutes of Health (NIH) - USANIH National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI); National Heart Lung and Blood Institute (NHBLI)United States Department of Health & Human ServicesNational Institutes of Health (NIH) - USANIH National Heart Lung & Blood Institute (NHLBI) [UM1 HG006542]; National Institute of Neurologic Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)United States Department of Health & Human ServicesNational Institutes of Health (NIH) - USANIH National Institute of Neurological Disorders & Stroke (NINDS) [R35NS105078]; NHGRIUnited States Department of Health & Human ServicesNational Institutes of Health (NIH) - USANIH National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) [K08 HG008986, U54HG003273]; Howard Hughes Medical Research Fellows Program; Baylor College of Medicine Medical Scientist Training Program; Clinical Research Training Scholarship in Neuromuscular Disease; American Academy of Neurology (AAN); American Brain Foundation (ABF); Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (ZonMW Veni)Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) [91617021]; NARSAD Young Investigator Grant from the Brain & Behavior Research FoundationNARSAD; Muscle Study Group (MSG) This study was supported in part by the National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) and National Heart Lung and Blood Institute (NHBLI) to the Baylor-Hopkins Center for Mendelian Genomics (BHCMG; UM1 HG006542 to J.R.L.); NHGRI grant to Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center (U54HG003273 to R.A.G.), and National Institute of Neurologic Disorders and Stroke (NINDS; R35NS105078 to J.R.L.). J.E.P. was supported by NHGRI K08 HG008986. A.J. was supported in part by the Howard Hughes Medical Research Fellows Program and the Baylor College of Medicine Medical Scientist Training Program. D. P. is supported by Clinical Research Training Scholarship in Neuromuscular Disease partnered by the American Academy of Neurology (AAN), American Brain Foundation (ABF), and Muscle Study Group (MSG). T.S.B. was supported by the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (ZonMW Veni, Grant 91617021) and by an NARSAD Young Investigator Grant from the Brain & Behavior Research Foundation. WOS:000482558500001 31042289 Q1

Published
2019

13. Alternative genomic diagnoses for individuals with a clinical diagnosis of Dubowitz syndrome

Author

Sixto Garcia Minaur, Pankaj B. Agrawal, A. Micheil Innes, Catherine A. Brownstein, David S. Wargowski, Brenda McInnes, Isaac Wong, Albert E. Chudley, Jennifer E. Posey, Francesc López-Giráldez, Ping-Yee B Au, Alper Gezdirici, Kyrieckos A. Aleck, Eric Boerwinkle, Paolo Prontera, Bilgen Bilge Geçkinli, Yeting Zhang, An Nguyen, David A. Dyment, Jukka S. Moilanen, Alan H. Beggs, Nara Sobreira, Hatip Aydin, Elizabeth E. Blue, Kathryn Dunn, Gerald F. Cox, Bernard N. Chodirker, Harrison Brand, Jinchuan Xing, Hind Al Sharhan, Bert B.A. de Vries, Maria Juliana Rodovalho Doriqui, Davut Pehlivan, Shalini N. Jhangiani, Centers for Mendelian Genomics, Katrin Õunap, Cheryl R. Greenberg, Kaya Bilguvar, Carol L. Clericuzio, Cynthia J. Curry, Taila Hartley, Julie Lauzon, Michael J. Bamshad, Timothy Poterba, R. Brian Lowry, Jill A. Fahrner, Cullen M. Dutmer, M. E. Suzanne Lewis, Steve Buyske, Ender Karaca, Aziz Mhanni, William T. Gibson, Valentina Stanley, April Hall, Elke de Boer, Kristin D. Kernohan, Joseph G. Gleeson, P. Dane Witmer, Jungmin Choi, Danny Antaki, Małgorzata J.M. Nowaczyk, Sander Pajusalu, Anne H. O’Donnell-Luria, Sarah L. Sawyer, Zeynep Coban Akdemir, Tara C. Matise, Jennifer McEvoy-Venneri, Casie A. Genetti, Kym M. Boycott, Lynette S. Penney, Ada Hamosh, Eleina M. England, Deniz Torun, Maha S. Zaki, Deborah A. Nickerson, Dyment, David A., O'Donnell-Luria, Anne, Agrawal, Pankaj B., Coban Akdemir, Zeynep, Aleck, Kyrieckos A., Antaki, Danny, Al Sharhan, Hind, Au, Ping-Yee B., Aydin, Hatip, Beggs, Alan H., Bilguvar, Kaya, Boerwinkle, Eric, Brand, Harrison, Brownstein, Catherine A., Buyske, Steve, Chodirker, Bernard, Choi, Jungmin, Chudley, Albert E., Clericuzio, Carol L., Cox, Gerald F., Curry, Cynthia, de Boer, Elke, de Vries, Bert B. A., Dunn, Kathryn, Dutmer, Cullen M., England, Eleina M., Fahrner, Jill A., Geckinli, Bilgen B., Genetti, Casie A., Gezdirici, Alper, Gibson, William T., Gleeson, Joseph G., Greenberg, Cheryl R., Hall, April, Hamosh, Ada, Hartley, Taila, Jhangiani, Shalini N., Karaca, Ender, Kernohan, Kristin, Lauzon, Julie L., Lewis, M. E. Suzanne, Lowry, R. Brian, Lopez-Giraldez, Francesc, Matise, Tara C., McEvoy-Venneri, Jennifer, McInnes, Brenda, Mhanni, Aziz, Garcia Minaur, Sixto, Moilanen, Jukka, Nguyen, An, Nowaczyk, Malgorzata J. M., Posey, Jennifer E., Ounap, Katrin, Pehlivan, Davut, Pajusalu, Sander, Penney, Lynette S., Poterba, Timothy, Prontera, Paolo, Doriqui, Maria Juliana Rodovalho, Sawyer, Sarah L., Sobreira, Nara, Stanley, Valentina, Torun, Deniz, Wargowski, David, Witmer, P. Dane, Wong, Isaac, Xing, Jinchuan, Zaki, Maha S., Zhang, Yeting, Boycott, Kym M., Bamshad, Michael J., Nickerson, Deborah A., Blue, Elizabeth E., and Innes, A. Micheil

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Male, ANOMALIES, INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY, Eczema, 030105 genetics & heredity, PHENOTYPE, genetic heterogeneity, Locus heterogeneity, Dubowitz syndrome, Exome, Child, Genetics (clinical), Exome sequencing, Growth Disorders, Genetics, FRAMESHIFT, Genomics, 3. Good health, VPS13B, genome sequencing, LOSS-OF-FUNCTION, Child, Preschool, symbols, Microcephaly, Female, microarray, Adolescent, DNA Copy Number Variations, Biology, NSUN2, PATIENT, DNA sequencing, Histone Deacetylases, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, symbols.namesake, medicine, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, ANEMIA, Genetic heterogeneity, Genome, Human, MUTATIONS, Facies, Infant, PLATFORM, medicine.disease, Repressor Proteins, 030104 developmental biology, Mendelian inheritance, exome sequencing
Abstract

Dubowitz syndrome (DubS) is considered a recognizable syndrome characterized by a distinctive facial appearance and deficits in growth and development. There have been over 200 individuals reported with Dubowitz or a "Dubowitz-like" condition, although no single gene has been implicated as responsible for its cause. We have performed exome (ES) or genome sequencing (GS) for 31 individuals clinically diagnosed with DubS. After genome-wide sequencing, rare variant filtering and computational and Mendelian genomic analyses, a presumptive molecular diagnosis was made in 13/27 (48%) families. The molecular diagnoses included biallelic variants in SKIV2L, SLC35C1, BRCA1, NSUN2; de novo variants in ARID1B, ARID1A, CREBBP, POGZ, TAF1, HDAC8, and copy-number variation at1p36.11(ARID1A), 8q22.2(VPS13B), Xp22, and Xq13(HDAC8). Variants of unknown significance in known disease genes, and also in genes of uncertain significance, were observed in 7/27 (26%) additional families. Only one gene, HDAC8, could explain the phenotype in more than one family (N = 2). All but two of the genomic diagnoses were for genes discovered, or for conditions recognized, since the introduction of next-generation sequencing. Overall, the DubS-like clinical phenotype is associated with extensive locus heterogeneity and the molecular diagnoses made are for emerging clinical conditions sharing characteristic features that overlap the DubS phenotype.

Published
2021

14. The Genomics of Arthrogryposis, a Complex Trait: Candidate Genes and Further Evidence for Oligogenic Inheritance

Author

Maja Hempel, Jennifer E. Posey, Yavuz Bayram, Eric Boerwinkle, Katta M. Girisha, Ender Karaca, Timur Yildirim, Anju Shukla, Jaya Punetha, Ilhan A. Bayhan, Harsha Doddapaneni, Christopher M. Grochowski, Davut Gul, Aysegul Bursali, Davut Pehlivan, Elif Yilmaz Gulec, Richard A. Gibbs, Zeynep Ocak, Jawid M Fatih, Ibrahim Sahin, Gozde Yesil, Burhan Balta, Onur Yildiz, Alper Gezdirici, Tatjana Bierhals, James R. Lupski, Zafer Yüksel, Hatice Mutlu Albayrak, Donna M. Muzny, Jianhong Hu, Fatma Silan, Zeynep Coban Akdemir, Shen Gu, Öztürk Özdemir, Haktan Bağış Erdem, Periyasamy Radhakrishnan, Burcu Tabakci, Beyhan Tüysüz, Nilay Güneş, Shalini N. Jhangiani, Osman Yeşilbaş, Yavuz Sahin, Nursel Elcioglu, Muhsin Elmas, Konstantinos Tsiakas, Sedat Isikay, Pehlivan, Davut, Bayram, Yavuz, Gunes, Nilay, Akdemir, Zeynep Coban, Shukla, Anju, Bierhals, Tatjana, Tabakci, Burcu, Sahin, Yavuz, Gezdirici, Alper, Fatih, Jawid M., Gulec, Elif Yilmaz, Yesil, Gozde, Punetha, Jaya, Ocak, Zeynep, Grochowski, Christopher M., Karaca, Ender, Albayrak, Hatice Mutlu, Radhakrishnan, Periyasamy, Erdem, Haktan Bagis, Sahin, Ibrahim, Yildirim, Timur, Bayhan, Ilhan A., Bursali, Aysegul, Elmas, Muhsin, Yuksel, Zafer, Ozdemir, Ozturk, Silan, Fatma, Yildiz, Onur, Yesilbas, Osman, Isikay, Sedat, Balta, Burhan, Gu, Shen, Jhangiani, Shalini N., Doddapaneni, Harsha, Hu, Jianhong, Muzny, Donna M., Boerwinkle, Eric, Gibbs, Richard A., Tsiakas, Konstantinos, Hempel, Maja, Girisha, Katta Mohan, Gul, Davut, Posey, Jennifer E., Elcioglu, Nursel H., Tuysuz, Beyhan, Lupski, James R., HKÜ, Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Fizyoterapi ve Rehabilitasyon Bölümü, YEŞİL, Gözde, İÜC, Cerrahpaşa Tıp Fakültesi, Dahili Tıp Bilimleri Bölümü, and OMÜ

Subjects
Male, 0301 basic medicine, Multifactorial Inheritance, Candidate gene, Vesicular Transport Proteins, DE-NOVO, DISEASE, Cohort Studies, MYOPATHY, MULTIPLEX CONGENITA, SKELETAL-MUSCLE, MUTATIONS, PATIENT, FAT1, MECHANISMS, DELETION, 0302 clinical medicine, Candidate Genes and Further Evidence for Oligogenic Inheritance-, AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS, cilt.105, ss.132-150, 2019 [Pehlivan D., Bayram Y., Gunes N., Akdemir Z. C. , Shukla A., Bierhals T., TABAKCI B., Sahin Y., Gezdirici A., Fatih J. M. , et al., -The Genomics of Arthrogryposis, a Complex Trait], Connectin, Copy-number variation, Child, Genetics (clinical), Exome sequencing, Arthrogryposis, Genetics, Mosaicism, Oligogenic Inheritance, Genomics, Pedigree, 3. Good health, Child, Preschool, Female, medicine.symptom, Adult, Genetic Markers, Adolescent, DNA Copy Number Variations, Gestational Age, Locus (genetics), Biology, Article, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Exome Sequencing, medicine, Humans, Genetic heterogeneity, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel, 030104 developmental biology, Mutation, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Comparative genomic hybridization
Abstract

Erdem, Haktan Bagis/0000-0002-4391-1387; Albayrak, Hatice Mutlu/0000-0001-5624-3878; isikay, sedat/0000-0003-0103-9612; Grochowski, Christopher/0000-0002-3884-7720; Gezdirici, Alper/0000-0002-2432-9279; KM, Girisha/0000-0002-0139-8239; Gu, Shen/0000-0003-3107-1218; YESIL, GOZDE/0000-0003-1964-6306; Gezdirici, Alper/0000-0002-2432-9279; Tuysuz, Beyhan/0000-0002-9620-5021; Fatih, Jawid/0000-0002-3927-2711; YUKSEL, Zafer/0000-0002-2085-5773; Balta, Burhan/0000-0003-2672-2493; Posey, Jennifer/0000-0003-4814-6765; Bayhan, Ilhan/0000-0001-8308-1309; Punetha, Jaya/0000-0002-6774-4464; YILDIRIM, Timur/0000-0003-0291-7632 WOS:000473723000011 PubMed ID: 31230720 Arthrogryposis is a clinical finding that is present either as a feature of a neuromuscular condition or as part of a systemic disease in over 400 Mendelian conditions. The underlying molecular etiology remains largely unknown because of genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity. We applied exome sequencing (ES) in a cohort of 89 families with the clinical sign of arthrogryposis. Additional molecular techniques including array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) and Droplet Digital PCR (ddPCR) were performed on individuals who were found to have pathogenic copy number variants (CNVs) and mosaicism, respectively. A molecular diagnosis was established in 65.2% (58/89) of families. Eleven out of 58 families (19.0%) showed evidence for potential involvement of pathogenic variation at more than one locus, probably driven by absence of heterozygosity (AOH) burden due to identity-by-descent (IBD). RYR3, MYOM2, ERGIC1, SPTBN4, and ABCA7 represent genes, identified in two or more families, for which mutations are probably causative for arthrogryposis. We also provide evidence for the involvement of CNVs in the etiology of arthrogryposis and for the idea that both mono-allelic and bi-allelic variants in the same gene cause either similar or distinct syndromes. We were able to identify the molecular etiology in nine out of 20 families who underwent reanalysis. In summary, our data from family-based ES further delineate the molecular etiology of arthrogryposis, yielded several candidate disease-associated genes, and provide evidence for mutational burden in a biological pathway or network. Our study also highlights the importance of reanalysis of individuals with unsolved diagnoses in conjunction with sequencing extended family members. National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI)United States Department of Health & Human ServicesNational Institutes of Health (NIH) - USANIH National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) [UM1 HG006542]; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)United States Department of Health & Human ServicesNational Institutes of Health (NIH) - USANIH National Heart Lung & Blood Institute (NHLBI) [UM1 HG006542]; NHGRIUnited States Department of Health & Human ServicesNational Institutes of Health (NIH) - USANIH National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) [K08 HG008986]; National Institutes of Health - Brain Disorders and Development Training Grant [T32 NS043124-17]; Clinical Research Training Scholarship in Neuromuscular Disease; Tubitak project, TurkeyTurkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) [217S675]; Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, IndiaIndian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) [5/13/58/2015/NCD-III]; [R35 NS105078]; [512848]; NATIONAL HUMAN GENOME RESEARCH INSTITUTEUnited States Department of Health & Human ServicesNational Institutes of Health (NIH) - USANIH National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) [K08HG008986, UM1HG006542, K08HG008986, UM1HG006542, UM1HG006542, UM1HG006542, K08HG008986, UM1HG006542] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER; NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS AND STROKEUnited States Department of Health & Human ServicesNational Institutes of Health (NIH) - USANIH National Institute of Neurological Disorders & Stroke (NINDS) [R35NS105078, T32NS043124, T32NS043124, T32NS043124, R35NS105078, T32NS043124, T32NS043124, R35NS105078, T32NS043124, T32NS043124, T32NS043124, R35NS105078] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER This work was supported in part by R35 NS105078 and MDA#512848 to J.R.L. and a jointly funded National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) and National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) grant to the Baylor-Hopkins Center for Mendelian Genomics (UM1 HG006542). J.E.P. is supported by NHGRI K08 HG008986. D.P. is supported by the National Institutes of Health - Brain Disorders and Development Training Grant (T32 NS043124-17) and a Clinical Research Training Scholarship in Neuromuscular Disease partnered by the American Brain Foundation (ABF) and Muscle Study Group (MSG). This study is partly funded by Tubitak project number 217S675, Turkey to N.E. and B.T.. This study is partly funded by Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India with File no.: No. 5/13/58/2015/NCD-III to A.S.

Published
2019

15. Homozygous Loss-of-function Mutations inSOHLH1in Patients With Nonsyndromic Hypergonadotropic Hypogonadism

Author

Ming Lee, Tom Walsh, Mehmed M. Atik, Yavuz Bayram, Serap Turan, Davut Pehlivan, Tulay Guran, Ece Böber, Mary Claire King, Richard A. Gibbs, Hilal Unal Gulsuner, James R. Lupski, Ayhan Abaci, Ender Karaca, Suleyman Gulsuner, Sarah B. Pierce, Gozde Yesil, Atilla Büyükgebiz, Shalini N. Jhangiani, Abdullah Bereket, Tomasz Gambin, Donna M. Muzny, Eric Boerwinkle, Zeynep Atay, Bayram, Yavuz, Gulsuner, Suleyman, Guran, Tulay, Abaci, Ayhan, Yesil, Gozde, Gulsuner, Hilal Unal, Atay, Zeynep, Pierce, Sarah B., Gambin, Tomasz, Lee, Ming, Turan, Serap, Bober, Ece, Atik, Mehmed M., Walsh, Tom, Karaca, Ender, Pehlivan, Davut, Jhangiani, Shalini N., Muzny, Donna, Bereket, Abdullah, Buyukgebiz, Atilla, Boerwinkle, Eric, Gibbs, Richard A., King, Mary-Claire, Lupski, James R., and YEŞİL, Gözde

Subjects
endocrine system, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, medicine.drug_class, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Clinical Biochemistry, TRANSFER-RNA SYNTHETASE, Context (language use), Biology, Biochemistry, PREMATURE OVARIAN FAILURE, Endocrinology, Hypergonadotropic hypogonadism, Internal medicine, Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors, medicine, Humans, Exome, TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR, Child, Loss function, Exome sequencing, GENE-EXPRESSION, JCEM Online: Advances in Genetics, HEARING-LOSS, Hypogonadism, SOHLH1, Homozygote, Biochemistry (medical), PERRAULT SYNDROME, OOGENESIS, medicine.disease, Sex steroid, Mutation, Chromosome abnormality, FOLLICULOGENESIS, Female, Gonadotropin, STEM-CELLS, DYSGENESIS
Abstract

Copyright © 2015 by the Endocrine Society.Context: Hypergonadotropic hypogonadism presents in females with delayed or arrested puberty, primary or secondary amenorrhea due to gonadal dysfunction, and is further characterized by elevated gonadotropins and low sex steroids. Chromosomal aberrations and various specific gene defects can lead to hypergonadotropic hypogonadism. Responsible genes include those with roles in gonadal development or maintenance, sex steroid synthesis, or end-organ resistance to gonadotropins. Identification of novel causative genes in this disorder will contribute to our understanding of the regulation of human reproductive function. Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify and report the gene responsible for autosomal-recessive hypergonadotropic hypogonadism in two unrelated families. Design and Participants: Clinical evaluation and whole-exome sequencing were performed in two pairs of sisters with nonsyndromic hypergonadotropic hypogonadism from two unrelated families. Results: Exome sequencing analysis revealed two different truncating mutations in the same gene: SOHLH1 c.705delT (p.Pro235fs∗4) and SOHLH1 c.27C>G (p.Tyr9stop). Both mutations were unique to the families and segregation was consistent with Mendelian expectations for an autosomal-recessive mode of inheritance. Conclusions: Sohlh1 was known from previous mouse studies to be a transcriptional regulator that functions in the maintenance and survival of primordial ovarian follicles, but loss-of-function mutations in human females have not been reported. Our results provide evidence that homozygous-truncating mutations in SOHLH1 cause female nonsyndromic hypergonadotropic hypogonadism.

Published
2015

16. REST Final-Exon-Truncating Mutations Cause Hereditary Gingival Fibromatosis

Author

Janson White, Megan T. Cho, James R. Lupski, Kivanc Cefle, Claudia M.B. Carvalho, Donna M. Muzny, Kivanc Bektas-Kayhan, Yavuz Bayram, Ender Karaca, Nursel Elcioglu, Richard A. Gibbs, Shalini N. Jhangiani, Amber Begtrup, Ali Menteş, Neda Zadeh, Zeynep Coban Akdemir, Sukru Ozturk, Ozgur Kasapcopur, Ingrid S. Paine, Asuman Gedikbasi, Davut Pehlivan, Sukru Palanduz, Bayram, Yavuz, White, Janson J., Elcioglu, Nursel, Cho, Megan T., Zadeh, Neda, Gedikbasi, Asuman, Palanduz, Sukru, Ozturk, Sukru, Cefle, Kivanc, Kasapcopur, Ozgur, Akdemir, Zeynep Coban, Pehlivan, Davut, Begtrup, Amber, Carvalho, Claudia M. B., Paine, Ingrid Sophie, Mentes, Ali, Bektas-Kayhan, Kivanc, Karaca, Ender, Jhangiani, Shalini N., Muzny, Donna M., Gibbs, Richard A., and Lupski, James R.

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Male, NEUROENDOCRINE DIFFERENTIATION, FIBROBLASTS, Adolescent, PROTEIN, RE1-silencing transcription factor, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Germline, 03 medical and health sciences, Exon, 0302 clinical medicine, TUMOR, Report, Chromosome Segregation, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Family, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genetics (clinical), Exome sequencing, GENE-EXPRESSION, Fibromatosis, Gingival, Mutation, Autosome, Base Sequence, Genetic heterogeneity, REPRESSOR, 030206 dentistry, TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR REST, Exons, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, CANCER, Hereditary gingival fibromatosis, Pedigree, Repressor Proteins, 030104 developmental biology, biology.protein, Female, SIGNALING PATHWAY, RESTRICTIVE SILENCER FACTOR
Abstract

Hereditary gingival fibromatosis (HGF) is the most common genetic form of gingival fibromatosis that develops as a slowly progressive, benign, localized or generalized enlargement of keratinized gingiva. HGF is a genetically heterogeneous disorder and can be transmitted either as an autosomal-dominant or autosomal-recessive trait or appear sporadically. To date, four loci (2p22.1, 2p23.3–p22.3, 5q13–q22, and 11p15) have been mapped to autosomes and one gene ( SOS1 ) has been associated with the HGF trait observed to segregate in a dominant inheritance pattern. Here we report 11 individuals with HGF from three unrelated families. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) revealed three different truncating mutations including two frameshifts and one nonsense variant in RE1-silencing transcription factor ( REST ) in the probands from all families and further genetic and genomic analyses confirmed the WES-identified findings. REST is a transcriptional repressor that is expressed throughout the body; it has different roles in different cellular contexts, such as oncogenic and tumor-suppressor functions and hematopoietic and cardiac differentiation. Here we show the consequences of germline final-exon-truncating mutations in REST for organismal development and the association with the HGF phenotype.

Published
2017

17. Genes that Affect Brain Structure and Function Identified by Rare Variant Analyses of Mendelian Neurologic Disease

Author

Asuman Koparir, Ender Karaca, Tulay Guran, Nursel Elcioglu, Salih Coşkun, Özlem Sezer, Sevcan Tug Bozdogan, Alper Han Cebi, Jill V. Hunter, James R. Lupski, Shalini N. Jhangiani, Sedat Işıkay, Hatip Aydin, Erkan Koparir, Dilek Aktas, Adnan Yuksel, Davut Gul, Mehmed M. Atik, Burak Durmaz, Mehmet Ture, Ian M. Campbell, Wendy K. Chung, Tamar Harel, Emre Kirat, Mahmut Selman Yildirim, Ayse Aksoy, Mehmet Bugrahan Duz, John D. Overton, Tulay Tos, Claudia Gonzaga-Jauregui, Darryl C. De Vivo, Yavuz Bayram, Kadri Karaer, Gozde Yesil, Wojciech Wiszniewski, Davut Pehlivan, Eric Boerwinkle, Huseyin Aslan, Hakan Ulucan, Ozgur Cogulu, Fatma Ekici, Vehap Topcu, Elif Fenercioglu, Mehmet Seven, Alper Gezdirici, Salih Cicek, Tomasz Gambin, Tahsin Yakut, Mustafa Ozen, Mevlit Ikbal, Donna M. Muzny, Zeynep Coban Akdemir, Elif Yilmaz Gulec, Preti Jain, Bilge Geckinli, Sukru Candan, Richard A. Gibbs, Serkan Erdin, Mehmet Alikasifoglu, Ozge Ozalp Yuregir, Ferda Ozkinay, Hilde Van Esch, David R. Adams, Bo Yuan, YEŞİL, Gözde, Ege Üniversitesi, Biruni Üniversitesi, Karaca, Ender, Harel, Tamar, Pehlivan, Davut, Jhangiani, Shalini N., Gambin, Tomasz, Akdemir, Zeynep Coban, Gonzaga-Jauregui, Claudia, Erdin, Serkan, Bayram, Yavuz, Campbell, Ian M., Hunter, Jill V., Atik, Mehmed M., Van Esch, Hilde, Yuan, Bo, Wiszniewski, Wojciech, Isikay, Sedat, Yesil, Gozde, Yuregir, Ozge O., Bozdogan, Sevcan Tug, Aslan, Huseyin, Aydin, Hatip, Tos, Tulay, Aksoy, Ayse, De Vivo, Darryl C., Jain, Preti, Geckinli, B. Bilge, Sezer, Ozlem, Gul, Davut, Durmaz, Burak, Cogulu, Ozgur, Ozkinay, Ferda, Topcu, Vehap, Candan, Sukru, Cebi, Alper Han, Ikbal, Mevlit, Gulec, Elif Yilmaz, Gezdirici, Alper, Koparir, Erkan, Ekici, Fatma, Coskun, Salih, Cicek, Salih, Karaer, Kadri, Koparir, Asuman, Duz, Mehmet Bugrahan, Kirat, Emre, Fenercioglu, Elif, Ulucan, Hakan, Seven, Mehmet, Guran, Tulay, Elcioglu, Nursel, Yildirim, Mahmut Selman, Aktas, Dilek, Alikasifoglu, Mehmet, Ture, Mehmet, Yakut, Tahsin, Overton, John D., Yuksel, Adnan, Ozen, Mustafa, Muzny, Donna M., Adams, David R., Boerwinkle, Eric, Chung, Wendy K., Gibbs, Richard A., and Lupski, James R.

Subjects
Male, PONTOCEREBELLAR HYPOPLASIA, Candidate gene, Rna Helicases, PROTEIN, Cohort Studies, 0302 clinical medicine, Snx14 Cause, Databases, Genetic, Gene Regulatory Networks, Copy-number variation, Pontocerebellar Hypoplasia, Exome sequencing, Alzheimers-Disease, Genetics, 0303 health sciences, H-Prune, General Neuroscience, Brain, Mendelian Randomization Analysis, Neurologic Disease, Pedigree, 3. Good health, ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE, H-PRUNE, symbols, Female, Mutations, Neuroscience(all), SNX14 CAUSE, Biology, TRIPLE T COMPLEX, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, symbols.namesake, Genetic variation, CHROMATIN REMODELING COMPLEX, Humans, Allele, Gene, Genetic Association Studies, 030304 developmental biology, RNA HELICASES, MUTATIONS, Protein, Genetic Variation, Triple T Complex, INTELLECTUAL-DISABILITY SYNDROME, Intellectual-Disability Syndrome, Mendelian inheritance, Chromatin Remodeling Complex, Nervous System Diseases, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

WOS: 000365765400011, PubMed ID: 26539891, Development of the human nervous system involves complex interactions among fundamental cellular processes and requires a multitude of genes, many of which remain to be associated with human disease. We applied whole exome sequencing to 128 mostly consanguineous families with neurogenetic disorders that often included brain malformations. Rare variant analyses for both single nucleotide variant (SNV) and copy number variant (CNV) alleles allowed for identification of 45 novel variants in 43 known disease genes, 41 candidate genes, and CNVs in 10 families, with an overall potential molecular cause identified in >85% of families studied. Among the candidate genes identified, we found PRUNE, VARS, and DHX37 in multiple families and homozygous loss-of-function variants in AGBL2, SLC18A2, SMARCA1, UBQLN1, and CPLX1. Neuroimaging and in silico analysis of functional and expression proximity between candidate and known disease genes allowed for further understanding of genetic networks underlying specific types of brain malformations., U.S. National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) NHLBI grant [U54HG006542]; NINDSUnited States Department of Health & Human ServicesNational Institutes of Health (NIH) - USANIH National Institute of Neurological Disorders & Stroke (NINDS) [RO1 NS058529, K23NS078056]; NHGRIUnited States Department of Health & Human ServicesNational Institutes of Health (NIH) - USANIH National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) [5U54HG003273]; Medical Genetics Research Fellowship Program [T32 GM07526]; Regeneron, We thank all the family members and collaborators who participated in this study. This work was supported by U.S. National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) NHLBI grant U54HG006542 to the Baylor-Hopkins Center for Mendelian Genomics, NINDS grant RO1 NS058529 to J. R. L., and NHGRI 5U54HG003273 to R. A. G. T. H. is supported by the Medical Genetics Research Fellowship Program (T32 GM07526). W. W. is supported by Career Development Award K23NS078056 from NINDS. The authors would like to thank the ExAC and the groups that provided exome variant data for comparison. A full list of contributing groups can be found at http://exac.broadinstitute.org/about. J.R.L. has stock ownership in 23andMe and Lasergen and is a paid consultant for Regeneron. J. R. L. is also a coinventor on multiple United States and European patents related to molecular diagnostics for inherited neuropathies, eye diseases, and bacterial genomic fingerprinting. The Department of Molecular and Human Genetics at Baylor College of Medicine derives revenue from the chromosomal microarray analysis and clinical exome sequencing offered in the Medical Genetics Laboratory (https://www.bcm.edu/geneticlabs/). W. K. C. is a paid consultant for Regeneron and BioReference Laboratories. C.G.-J. and J. D. O. are employees of the RGC.

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