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2 results on '"Toree C. Baldwin"'

1. Acute Aerobic Exercise Remodels the Adipose Tissue Progenitor Cell Phenotype in Obese Adults

Author

Alison C. Ludzki, Emily M. Krueger, Toree C. Baldwin, Michael W. Schleh, Cara E. Porsche, Benjamin J. Ryan, Lindsey A. Muir, Kanakadurga Singer, Carey N. Lumeng, and Jeffrey F. Horowitz

Subjects
preadipocytes, exercise, obesity, macrophages, endothelial cells, T cells, Physiology, QP1-981
Abstract

Adipose tissue pathology in obese patients often features impaired adipogenesis, angiogenesis, and chronic low-grade inflammation, all of which are regulated in large part by adipose tissue stromal vascular cells [SVC; i.e., non-adipocyte cells within adipose tissue including preadipocytes, endothelial cells (ECs), and immune cells]. Exercise is known to increase subcutaneous adipose tissue lipolysis, but the impact of exercise on SVCs in adipose tissue has not been explored. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of a session of exercise on preadipocyte, EC, macrophage, and T cell content in human subcutaneous adipose tissue. We collected abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue samples from 10 obese adults (BMI 33 ± 3 kg/m2, body fat 41 ± 7%) 12 h after a 60 min acute session of endurance exercise (80 ± 3%HRpeak) vs. no acute exercise session. SVCs were isolated by collagenase digestion and stained for flow cytometry. We found that acute exercise reduced preadipocyte content (38 ± 7 vs. 30 ± 13%SVC; p = 0.04). The reduction was driven by a decrease in CD34hi preadipocytes (18 ± 5 vs. 13 ± 6%SVC; p = 0.002), a subset of preadipocytes that generates high lipolytic rate adipocytes ex vivo. Acute exercise did not alter EC content. Acute exercise also did not change total immune cell, macrophage, or T cell content, and future work should assess the effects of exercise on subpopulations of these cells. We conclude that exercise may rapidly regulate the subcutaneous adipose tissue preadipocyte pool in ways that may help attenuate the high lipolytic rates that are commonly found in obesity.

Published
2020
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2. Inflammation and metabolism gene sets in subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue are altered 1 hour after exercise in adults with obesity

Author

Toree C. Baldwin, Michael W. Schleh, Benjamin J. Ryan, Jenna B. Gillen, Cheehoon Ahn, Natalie M. Taylor, Jeffrey F. Horowitz, Alison C. Ludzki, Emily M. Krueger, and Pallavi Varshney

Subjects
Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Physiology, Abdominal Fat, Subcutaneous Fat, Adipose tissue, Inflammation, Transcriptome, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Physiology (medical), Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Obesity, Exercise, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, business.industry, Gene sets, Metabolism, medicine.disease, Endocrinology, Adipose Tissue, Female, medicine.symptom, business, Single session, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Research Article
Abstract

Although the health benefits of exercise in adults with obesity are well described, the direct effects of exercise on adipose tissue that may lead to improved metabolic health are poorly understood. The primary aims of this study were to perform an unbiased analysis of the subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue transcriptomic response to acute exercise in adults with obesity, and to compare the effects of moderate-intensity continuous exercise versus high-intensity interval exercise on this response. Twenty-nine adults with obesity performed a session of either high-intensity interval exercise (HI; 10 × 1 min at 90%HRpeak, 1 min recovery between intervals; n = 14) or moderate-intensity continuous exercise (MI; 45 min at 70%HRpeak; n = 15). Groups were well matched for BMI (HI 33 ± 3 vs. MI 33 ± 4 kg/m(2)), sex (HI: 9 women vs. MI: 10 women), and age (HI: 32 ± 6 vs. MI: 29 ± 5). Subcutaneous adipose tissue was collected before and 1 h after the session of HI or MI, and samples were processed for RNA sequencing. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed 7 of 21 gene sets enriched postexercise overlapped between HI and MI. Interestingly, both HI and MI upregulated gene sets involved in inflammation (IL6-JAK-STAT3 signaling, allograft rejection, TNFα signaling via NFκB, and inflammatory response; FDR q value < 0.25). Exercise also downregulated adipogenic and oxidative metabolism gene sets in both groups. Overall, these data suggest genes involved in subcutaneous adipose tissue metabolism and inflammation may be an important part of the initial response after a session of exercise. NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study compared the effects of a single session of high-intensity interval exercise versus moderate-intensity continuous exercise on transcriptional changes in subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue collected from adults with obesity. Our novel findings indicate exercise upregulated inflammation-related gene sets, while it downregulated metabolism-related gene sets – after both high-intensity and moderate-intensity exercise. These data suggest exercise can alter the adipose tissue transcriptome 1 h after exercise in ways that may impact inflammation and metabolism.

Published
2021

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