1. The benefits of physical exercise for the health of the pancreatic β-cell: a review of the evidence.
- Author
-
Curran M, Drayson MT, Andrews RC, Zoppi C, Barlow JP, Solomon TPJ, and Narendran P
- Subjects
- Animals, Apoptosis physiology, Blood Glucose metabolism, Glucose metabolism, Humans, Insulin metabolism, Insulin Resistance physiology, Insulin-Secreting Cells metabolism, Signal Transduction physiology, Exercise physiology, Insulin-Secreting Cells physiology, Physical Conditioning, Animal physiology
- Abstract
New Findings: What is the topic of this review? This review discusses the evidence of the benefits of exercise training for β-cell health through improvements in function, proliferation and survival which may have implications in the treatment of diabetes. What advances does it highlight? This review highlights how exercise may modulate β-cell health in the context of diabetes and highlights the need for further exploration of whether β-cell preserving effects of exercise translates to T1D., Abstract: Physical exercise is a core therapy for type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Whilst the benefits of exercise for different physiological systems are recognised, the effect of exercise specifically on the pancreatic β-cell is not well described. Here we review the effects of physical exercise on β-cell health. We show that exercise improves β-cell mass and function. The improved function manifests primarily through the increased insulin content of the β-cell and its increased ability to secrete insulin in response to a glucose stimulus. We review the evidence relating to glucose sensing, insulin signalling, β-cell proliferation and β-cell apoptosis in humans and animal models with acute exercise and following exercise training programmes. Some of the mechanisms through which these benefits manifest are discussed., (© 2020 The Authors. Experimental Physiology © 2020 The Physiological Society.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF