1. Sequence analysis in
- Author
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Jennifer F, Hughes, Helen, Skaletsky, Tatyana, Pyntikova, Natalia, Koutseva, Terje, Raudsepp, Laura G, Brown, Daniel W, Bellott, Ting-Jan, Cho, Shannon, Dugan-Rocha, Ziad, Khan, Colin, Kremitzki, Catrina, Fronick, Tina A, Graves-Lindsay, Lucinda, Fulton, Wesley C, Warren, Richard K, Wilson, Elaine, Owens, James E, Womack, William J, Murphy, Donna M, Muzny, Kim C, Worley, Bhanu P, Chowdhary, Richard A, Gibbs, and David C, Page
- Subjects
Male ,X Chromosome ,Research ,Gene Amplification ,Sequence Analysis, DNA ,Evolution, Molecular ,Mice ,Organ Specificity ,Y Chromosome ,Testis ,Animals ,Humans ,Cattle ,Cell Lineage ,Female ,Crossing Over, Genetic - Abstract
Studies of Y Chromosome evolution have focused primarily on gene decay, a consequence of suppression of crossing-over with the X Chromosome. Here, we provide evidence that suppression of X–Y crossing-over unleashed a second dynamic: selfish X–Y arms races that reshaped the sex chromosomes in mammals as different as cattle, mice, and men. Using super-resolution sequencing, we explore the Y Chromosome of Bos taurus (bull) and find it to be dominated by massive, lineage-specific amplification of testis-expressed gene families, making it the most gene-dense Y Chromosome sequenced to date. As in mice, an X-linked homolog of a bull Y-amplified gene has become testis-specific and amplified. This evolutionary convergence implies that lineage-specific X–Y coevolution through gene amplification, and the selfish forces underlying this phenomenon, were dominatingly powerful among diverse mammalian lineages. Together with Y gene decay, X–Y arms races molded mammalian sex chromosomes and influenced the course of mammalian evolution.
- Published
- 2020