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1. A study of the barrier properties of ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymers using gas chromatography

Author

MAES, Caroline, Luyten, Wout, Herremans, Geert, Peeters, Roos, CARLEER, Robert, BUNTINX, Mieke, MAES, Caroline, Luyten, Wout, Herremans, Geert, Peeters, Roos, CARLEER, Robert, and BUNTINX, Mieke

Subjects
GC, EVOH, mineral oil, permeation, functional barrier, permeability, oxygen, nitrogen
Abstract

Ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH) is one of the most commonly used barrier materials in a broad range of applications. Its outstanding gas barrier properties have already been widely investigated for oxygen (O2). However, EVOH is also gaining more attention as a barrier material against other gases and organic substances such as aromas, flavours, fuels, chemicals and even as a functional barrier. The objective of the research is to determine the barrier properties of EVOH against a selection of gases, i.e. O2 and nitrogen (N2) in varying conditions of relative humidity and temperature, and organic substances such as mineral oil saturated hydrocarbons (MOSH), mineral oil aromatic hydrocarbons (MOAH) and other non-intentionally added substances (NIAS). The permeation of the gases was determined by an online permeation setup based on the equal pressure method and consists of a permeation system connected to a gas chromatography (GC)-based detection system. A similar setup with GC-mass spectrometry (MS) was used for the organic substances. Additionally, an off-line method using a spiked donor taped on barrier and receptor were used to perform experiments modelling mineral oil migration from cardboard into foodstuff with EVOH acting as a functional barrier. The concentration of the mineral oil components was analysed by GC-MS. The research shows that EVOH is a multi-functional barrier against both gases such as O2 and N2, as well as a functional barrier against mineral oils. Three grades containing 32, 44 and 48 mol% ethylene show good O2 and N2 barrier properties and outperform other polymers such as polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP) and polyamide 6 (PA 6) by several orders of magnitude. Moreover, only 3 m EVOH containing 27 or 32 mol% ethylene is required as functional barrier against mineral oils and other NIAS migrating from paperboard to protect foodstuff with a shelf-life of over 2 years.

Published
2021

3. Recent Updates on the Barrier Properties of Ethylene Vinyl Alcohol Copolymer (EVOH): A Review.

Author

Maes, Caroline, Luyten, Wout, Herremans, Geert, Peeters, Roos, Carleer, Robert, and Buntinx, Mieke

Subjects
*BARRIER properties of polymer clay, *ETHYLENE, *COPOLYMERS, *OXYGEN, *CARBON dioxide
Abstract

The gas barrier properties of ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH) against oxygen, carbon dioxide and water vapor have been widely investigated in relation to different material characteristics, environmental conditions and new processing technologies. Recently, EVOH is gaining more attention as a barrier material against other gases and organic substances such as aromas, flavors, fuels, chemicals (e.g., BTEX), and as a functional barrier, e.g., to avoid mineral oil migration. This review contains an update on permeability data of EVOH emphasizing its potential as a barrier material for new and versatile applications in food and pharmaceutical packaging, agriculture, construction, automotive, etc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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4. Determination of the nitrogen gas transmission rate (N2GTR) of ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer, using a newly developed permeation measurement system.

Author

Maes, Caroline, Molder, Maarten te, Luyten, Wout, Herremans, Geert, Winckelmans, Naomi, Peeters, Roos, Carleer, Robert, and Buntinx, Mieke

Subjects
*GLYCOLS, *PERMEABILITY measurement, *HUMIDITY, *NITROGEN, *EXPERIMENTAL design, *POLYVINYL alcohol
Abstract

The oxygen (O 2) barrier properties of ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH) have been widely investigated, but for other gases the available data are usually limited to dry conditions due to limitations in measurement equipment. Innovative permeation measurement systems with low detection limits are required to determine the gas transmission rate (GTR) of other gases, such as nitrogen (N 2) at varying temperature and relative humidity. This study presents the design and development of a versatile permeation measurement system consisting of two subsystems: a permeation system and a detection system using gas chromatography and a pulsed discharge helium ionization detector. The measured O 2 GTR and N 2 GTR of three different 20 μm-EVOH grades containing 32, 44 and 48 mol% ethylene are in good accordance to those obtained on validated MOCON OX-TRAN® modules and a GC-differential pressure method respectively, with differences within the analytical uncertainty of each method. • PEBaMeT system stands for Permeability EVOH Barrier Measurement Tool. • This new system can measure permeation at different temperature and relative humidity and is based on GC principles. • PEBaMeT oxygen permeability measurements are in accordance with existing validated methods. • The nitrogen barrier of EVOH measured at different temperature and relative humidity settings is outstanding. • Next to the barrier against oxygen, EVOH also has outstanding barrier against nitrogen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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