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The aim of this diploma thesis was a statistical evaluation of the impact of farming methods and the land cover on hydrochemical parameters of surface waters drainage patterns in Novohradské mountains and identify the possible impact of agriculture on the valuesof these parameters. The area for the evaluation is consist of lower and upper parts of the basin of Pasecký, Bedřichovský and Váčkový stream. Sampling sites include agriculturally cultivated land, but also forest ecosystems. The work is mainly focused on the following parameters: conductivity, nitrate nitrogen (N-NO3-), suspended solids (NL105) and phosphate phosphorus (P-PO43-), which are parameters causing eutrophication of water. The parameters changes were analysed for the years 2014 - 2017. Significant differences were observed in the all three streams in the water chemisms between upper and lower parts of the watersheds of conductivity and nitrate nitrogen (N-NO3-). The results confirmed that the farming has a significant influence on the water quality in the Pasecký, Bedřichovský and Váčkový stream although it is an extensive farming.

The master thesis deals with influence of system of water reservois and farming on suface water quality in catchment Košín stream in the Tabor region. There were investigated effect on suface water quality of several watercourses flowing through farmland with markedly different land cover, farming, size of catchment area and different water reservoirs. The fundamental hydrochemical parameters such as content of nutrient, inorganic and organic carbon and undissolved substances were monitored. The water samples were collected from permanent sampling points during the growing season. The investigated compounds were determined in the laboratory by titration, gravimetry and spectrophotometry. Mean, median, interquartile range were determined within the basic descriptive statistics and the data were statistically processed by nonparametric tests. Results showed particularly significant influence of the littoral vegetation and wide strips of tree vegetation as an effective filter, which prevent pollution of surface water by nutrient runoff. In some cases, the land cover was reflected positive impact of vegetation on reducing contamination of the water above the level specified by legislation, therefore vegetation is great importance in the fight pollution of waterways. From the obtained data it is obvious that influence of anthropogenic pollution on surface water is very important, but appropriate land cover can minimalize this impact.

The topic of the thesis is determination of concentration of dissolved solids in water and seasonal changes in surface water chemistry for specific affluents of Orlík water reservoir. Water samples were collected on regular basis and analysed in a laboratory during one season (November 2014 - November 2015). The thesis is focused on monitoring of changes in phosphate and nitrate concentrations, in particular. The results of analysis indicate that measured concentrations of substances at monitored locations reflect generally measured data within the region. Concentrations of NO3-N peak in winter to early spring seasons, therefore seasonal changes do occur; differences between locations have not been proven statistically. As for the parameter PO4-P within locations downstream pond systems no significant statistic differences were identified. Values of PO4-P concentration are not primarily associated with agricultural activities but rather with local sources existing within the catch basin. It has been concluded from testing water quality upstream and downstream fish ponds that pond management had no impact on quality of water within the monitored locations in 2015; respectively no additional phosphor and nitrogen load was imposed on Orlík water reservoir

This thesis deals with the evaluation of concentration levels of phosphates, nitrates and other parameters (pH, conductivity, suspended solids, alkalinity, total carbon, inorganic carbon, total organic carbon and total nitrogen) in fishpond systems at Tabor. Further was to consider the difference in value depending on the age of the systems and agricultural activities in their vicinity. Samples were taken in season 2015 Liderovické pond system (2 sampling points at the top of the system, one sampling point in the outflow from the system), Radimovická pond system (one sampling point at the top of the systém, one sampling point at the outlet of the system) and Jordan ( one sampling point at the outfall of the pond). The highest differences were found in the values of conductivity from 279 S.cm-1 to 1230 S.cm-1, the values of total carbon from 18.75 mg.l-1 to 67.33 mg.l-1, and the values of suspended solids from 1 mg.l-1 to 117.33 mg.l-1. The gradual increase in the value of NO3-N and PO4-P was registered during the season with Jordan. Based on the results we can say that the older (Radimovická system) showed higher levels of total carbon and younger (Liderovická system) showed higher NO3-N depending on land use in the surrounding area.

The content of the bachelor thesis was the comparasion of chemical-physical parameters of surface waters in Novohradsko. The data, which were used in the thesis, were taken in 2014. Individual sampling points were differed in their management practices and types of ecosystem. The monitored parameters are associated with eutrophication: conductivity, pH, KNK4,5, nitrates and phosphates. Based on the results we can claim that the sampling points of agroecosystems reached higher values of the selected parameters. The biggest differences were detected in conductivity. The values of conductivity were oscitalled from 51,8 mS cm-1 to 164,4 mS cm-1.

The master thesis lists the basic effects of nitrogen transformation in soil (nitrification), subsequent leaching of nitrates from soil to water and the effects of eutrophication of aquatic environment on the human health. The results of this experiment show that the interaction of all three factors (fertilization, soil moisture, vegetation) has a significant effect on the rate of nitrification. Generally, the nitrification rate increases with fertilization, decreases with presence of vegetation and decreases with soil moisture decrease. The health risk of nitrates in water consists in their consumption and the subsequent development of methemoglobinemia (especially in young infants) and the formation of N-nitroso compounds (e.g.nitrosamines), which have carcinogenic and teratogenic effects. Nitrate together with phosphates also promote the growth of cyanobacteria and algae. Cyanobacteria can produce cyanotoxins causing several groups of diseases.