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Lobbying is a vital and permanent process of every open society and is recognized in every modern country with open market economy. Therefore it is only natural that lobbying has great significance in Bruxelles. According to some estimations the number of professional lobbysts has long passed 10, 000. They represent the interest of big business and industries. Some industries are more prone to lobbying than other. Sugar industry has particular strong lobbyist, not only in EU but also in USA. Sugar industry in EU is regulated under Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) since its beginnings under Single Common market organisation. Croatia as a future member country needs to adapt itself to the EU rules and has done so since beginning of negotiations with EU, where lobbying had great importance, not only in sugar sector but in general. Specifically lobbying for before mentiond sector began in Bruxelles began in 2005. Croatian sugar firms, because of the reform of EU sugar industry, under Stabilisation and Association Agrement faced quota for exporting to EU and the case study in this paper will present results of lobbying activity of firms in Croatia sugar industry.

Classical theory finds impulse for international exchange in different relative prices of production, i.e relative abundance of different factors of production. Intra-industry trade concept means trade between similar products of different countries (economic integration). Applying classical concept in practice would mean that the trade between states at similar stage of development will decline through time. However, the fact is that developed countries (this especially applies to the EU) exchange more despite the fact that their relative costs of production, i.e. relative wealth of the factors of production are more similar. Statistically it is just possible to substantiate the fact that the most developed countries in the world exchange between more than half of total world trade (OECD, 2010). This fact has led to the development of alternative theories, opposite to classical theories of international trade. Thereby, it took into account entirely new assumptions. These assumptions reflect the actual conditions in which international trade takes place, such as economy of scale, product differentiation, monopolistic (oligopolistic) competition, multinational companies etc. Croatia is a small open economy that will join the EU on July 1st, 2013. Nominal Copenhagen criteria are fulfilled, but the real question is where Croatia stands when real convergence is concerned (if we take into account that intra-industry trade could be a significant indicator of real convergence of national economy), i.e. the extent which Croatia trade/exchange is inter-industry and intra- industry. The increase in the share of bilateral intra-industry trade would mean that Croatia managed to differentiate production, and that is able to compete in the EU market by selling similar products. In other words, it leads to a smooth adjustment hypothesis, according to which the adjustment costs of particular country or sector, when entering the economic integration will be low if there is a relatively high level of intra-industry trade. Aim of this paper is to analyze intra-industry trade of Croatia between year 2002 and 2012 and section of 10 European countries with biggest share of bilateral trade flows: eight from the EU (Italy, Germany, Slovenia, France, Great Britain, Austria, Hungary and Netherlands) and two countries from CEFTA 2006 (Bosnia & Herzegovina and Serbia).

The history of the Conference dates from 1997, held under the title “ Economic Sys¬ ; ; tem of European Union and Adjustment of the Republic of Croatia” . Its main idea and purpose, has been to promote knowledge and exchange of experience between scientists and experts from the EU, Croatia and its neighboring countries on the field of economic integration. The goal of the 6th Conference was the interactive exchange of experiences about the negotiation process and the adoption of the EU requests into national law system, as well as the connection of changeable institutional environ¬ ; ; ment for doing business. The know-how transfer to students was realized by their incorporation in the Conference Organizing Committee.

The paper analyzes the issues of harmonization, co-ordination and competitivness of fiscal policy. Tax reduction, implemented by European governments, produces some consequeces for other countries of European economic and monetary union. This situation is recognized under the term "externals". Its consequences can be negative and that fact arises repeated appeal for the harmonization of european fiscal legislation. However, the harmonization cannot be utilized by itself. Geographical distance between the centres of European Union, as well as the diversity of tax system, should be taken in account. The best strategy suggests linking of competitiveness, harmonization and fiscal co-ordination. Therefore, it is hard to implement a common fiscal policy to the market economy such is the European Union. Yet, it is possible to accept some principles which would lead to an optimal tax system through the fiscal reform which is currently being implemented in the majority of EU countries.

EURO - zona je prokušan novi međunarodni okvir, originalan u svakom slučaju, mora se održavati na životu i koji mora evoluirati, nadjačati tenzije, konflikte i ekonomske perturbacije s kojima će se neminovno sukobiti, jer nepoznanice su mnogobrojne. Ekonomska i monetarna unija EMU napredniji je stupanj ekonomske integracije EU koji implicira zajedničku monetarnu politiku i usko koordinirane ekonomske politike zemalja članica.

In the last 10 years the Republic of Croatia is independent in creation of her trade politics. The integration of European countries had influenced on the definition of Croatian strategic goal -membership in the EU. If Croatia wants to achive this long term goal, it has to adjust her trade politics. Its adjustment started by joining WTO November 30, 2001. At the begining of 2001 should start negotiation with EU with a aim of making association agreement. By signing the agreement the Republic of Croatia will define her tariff politics. Non-tariff barriers will stay autonom. The intention of this paper is to consider the possibility of use non-tariff protection measurment of domestic market of agricultural product in Croatia, and to present measurments in use, and their protection activity represented by equivalent of tariff. Non-tariff barriers are used in the EU as a protection measurments of domestic market of agricultural products. If Croatia wants to achive the stability of its market for agricultural products, has to learn how to use non-tariff measurments of protection.

Ekonomska i monetarna unija (EMU) je napredniji stupanj ekonomske integracije EU koji implicira zajedničku monetarnu politiku i usko koordinirane ekonomske politike zemalja članica. EMU se temelji na zajedničkom tržištu proizvoda i usluga koje je nužno za njegovo dobro funkcioniranje jer bi variranje tečajeva između valuta zemalja članica sputavalo međuutjecaj tržišta kapitala. Kako je unutarnje tržište dovršeno, zemlje članice su usko usko povezane u svim domenama, što će se analizirati u ovom članku, a poduzeti angažmani u okviru Maastrichta pokazuju spremnost za preuzimanje odgovornosti u ekonomskim i monetarnim područjima te radnji vezanih za njihovu ekonomsku sukladonst. Zahvaljujući jedinstvenoj valuti ukinut će se fluktuirajuće marže valute, koje su još moguće u europskom monetarnom sustavu. Sporazum iz Maastrichta ima za cilj zaustaviti monetarnu nesigurnost jedinstvenog tržišta.