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Atractylodes lancea (Thunb.) DC. is an important medicinal plant mainly distributed in China. A. lancea is rich in volatile oils and has a significant effect on various diseases, including coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Based on the signature constituents of volatile oils, A. lancea is divided into two chemotypes: the Dabieshan and Maoshan chemotype. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) results revealed that the hinesol and β-eudesmol contents in the Dabieshan chemotype were higher than those in the Maoshan chemotype. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) and single-molecule real-time (SMRT) sequencing technologies were combined to investigate the molecular mechanisms of sesquiterpenoid biosynthesis in A. lancea. A total of 42 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) for terpenoid biosynthesis were identified in the two chemotype groups, and nine full-length terpene synthase (TPS) genes were identified. Subcellular localization revealed that AlTPS1 and AlTPS2 proteins were localized in the nucleus and endoplasmic reticulum. They use FPP as a substrate to generate sesquiterpenoids. AlTPS1 catalyzes biosynthesis of elemol while AlTPS2 is observed to perform β-farnesene synthase activity. This study provides information for understanding the differences in the accumulation of terpenoids in two chemotypes of A. lancea and lays a foundation for further elucidation of the molecular mechanism of sesquiterpenoid biosynthesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traditional Chinese medicine is made from the rhizome of Atractylodes lancea (Thunb.) DC. (Compositae), known as Cangzhu. In this study, gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry was used to identify and quantify the volatile oils of different organs of A. lancea from four regions of China: Jiangsu, Anhui, Henan, and Hubei provinces. The volatile oils of A. lancea were qualitatively and quantitatively characterized using gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry combined with laser microdissection. The results identified 21 components in A. lancea, the majority of the components were found in the rhizomes, followed by the fibrous roots, flowers, leaves, and stems. According to the contents of volatile oils in A. lancea, it was divided into Dabieshan (mainly includes hinesol and β‐eudesmol) and Maoshan types (mainly includes atractylon and atractylodin), and the ratios of hinesol:β‐eudesmol:atractylon:atractylodin were 17.06:4.55:0:1, 12.66:11.71:0.99:1, 7.43:6.23:0:1, and 0.13:0.16:1.52:1 in A. lancea from AH, HN, HB, and JS, respectively. Tissue‐specific study indicated that Dabieshan type mainly includes elemol, hinesol, and β‐eudesmol in the periderm and secretory cavities of A. lancea, whereas Maoshan type mainly includes atractylon, atractylodin, little hinesol, and β‐eudesmol in the secretory cavities. Conversely, no volatile oils were detected in the cortex, phloem, xylem, vascular ray, or pith. This study provides a foundation for further evaluation and utilization of A. lancea. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The total volatile oil contents consisting of the hinesol, -eudesmol, atractylon, and atractylodin in I A. lancea i plants from HN, AH, HB, and JS were 78.02, 72.55, 78.13, and 55.92%, respectively, with significant differences in the main components in the rhizomes of I A. lancea i from each region. J. Sep. Sci. 2022, 45, 5, pp.1067-1079 https://doi.org/10.1002/jssc.202100924 The following errors were found and have been corrected: the sentence in "2.4.1 Sample preparation" is modified. The correct sentence is: The content of -eudesmol from HN was the highest at 41.099 mg/g, followed by those from HB and AH, which had 21.921 and 20.144 mg/g, respectively, and that of JS was lowest at 1.601 mg/g. However, the highest levels of atractylon and atractylodin were detected in the JS samples: 14.227 and 6.178 mg/g, respectively, whereas the HN samples contained 2.825 and 1.850 mg/g, respectively. [Extracted from the article]

Back Cover: Comparative analysis in different organs and tissue-specific metabolite profiling of Atractylodes lancea from four regions by GC-MS and laser microdissection Laser microdissection combined with GC-MS to determine the volatile oils in different tissues of in rhizomes of I A. lancea i (lower middle). DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202100924 The cover picture shows a schematic diagram for analytical techniques used in determination of quantifying the volatile oils in rhizomes of I Atractylodes lancea i . [Extracted from the article]