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Essential oil is widely used in perfumery, cosmetic, pharmaceutic and food industries. The economics of essential oil production depend on both parameters; the cultivation of aromatic herbs and the extraction of oils from these herbs. This study investigated for the first time the variation in essential oil and composition of Cytisus triflorus L'Her plant at different growth times (vegetative, flowering and fruiting stages). Essential oil was extracted by hydro-distillation. The flowering stage show the highest essential oil yield (0.61 ± 0.02 mL/100 g) compared to those of vegetative (0.41 ± 0.01 mL/100 g) and fruiting (0.17 ± 0.01 mL/100 g) stages. For all growth stages, Thirty-eight compounds were identified, representing 93.21% – 95.47% of the oil, where the main components were β-linalool (28.28 to 38.04%), Geraniol (19.82 to 27.73%), Retinal (4.33 to 9.26%), p-Mentha-1,4-dien-8-ol (2.09 to 4.08%), γ-Terpinene (1.27 to 4.86%) and Eugenol (2.07 to 2.28%). Monoterpene hydrocarbons were detected at higher level at flowering compared to vegetative and fruiting stages. In contrast, aldehydes were noted at higher percentage at vegetative stage. This study highlighted difference in content and composition of essential oil in Cytisus triflorus L'Her during growth stages. Flowering was the interesting stage for harvesting and with more specific composition in essential oil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Satureja myrtifolia (Boiss. & Hohen.) Greuter & Burdeta medicinal plant belonging to the Lamiaceae family was collected from south of Lebanon and hydro-distilled by Clevenger method. Essential oil composition from aerial parts was analyzed by GC-MS technique. The odor of essential oil is characteristic, and clear yellow liquid oil was obtained after hydro-distillation. The yield of the essential oil was 1.25±0.02% of dry matter (w/w). Thirty nine volatile components were identified in the Satureja myrtifolia oil, which shows a high amount of hydrocarbons class (57.82±0.1%). Other classes were also identified such assesquiterpene hydrocarbons (12.96±0.1%), oxygenated sesquiterpenes (10.65±0.2%), phenolic compounds (10.32±0.1%), acids (5.53±0.1%), and monoterpenes hydrocarbons (2.21±0.1%).In addition, a comparison with the unique study performed on Satureja myrtifolia was also carried out. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Today, few known plant species provide both an essential oil (EO) and a vegetable oil (VO). Seed and husk of two Aframomum species were investigated and compared in terms of EO, fatty acids, tocopherols, and tocotrienols. RESULTS: EO yield reaches 15.3 g kg−1 in the seeds and 3.2 g kg−1 in the husks, while VO yield is 180.0 g kg−1 in the seeds and 25.0 g kg−1 in the husks. β‐Pinene, 1,8‐cineol, α‐selinene, terpine‐4‐ol, linalool, myrtenal and β‐caryophyllene are the major compounds of seed and husk EO. Fatty acid analysis of two Aframomum species shows that oleic, linoleic, and palmitic acids were the major compounds of VO. Total sterol contents reached 4.3 g kg−1 in seed VO and 8.5 g kg−1 in husk VO. An appreciable amount of tocopherols (0.52 g kg−1) was found in seed VO. CONCLUSION: The seed and husk oil of A. stipulatum and A. giganteum fruits are rich sources of many bioactive constituents such as fatty acids, sterols, tocopherols and tocotrienols. These tropical wild fruits can be considered as new Aroma Tincto Oleo Crops (ATOC) resources that contain both EOs and VOs. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effect of salinity and water stresses on the essential oil components of Rosmarinus officinalis essential oil was investigated. Rosemary plants were submitted to different water treatments: tap water (TW), salt water (SW) and without irrigation (NIR). GC/MS analysis showed that ten and eleven volatile compounds were identified in essential oil of rosemary plants irrigated with tap water (TW) and salt water (SW), respectively. However, thirteen volatile compounds were identified in essential oil of non-irrigated plants (NIR). Moreover, among these compounds, α-Pinene, Eucalyptol (1,8 Cineol), Camphene, Borneol, D-verbenone, Bornyl acetate were the major components of oil. Also, GC/MS results highlighted that non-irrigated rosemary plants showed the highest essential oil yield (Y). Obtained oil yields followed the order YNIR > YTW > YSW. In conclusion, qualitative and quantitative differences in rosemary essential oil components were highlighted in relation to water stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro antifungal activity (AA) of the essential oil (EO) of lemon ( Citrus limon L.) against three pathogenic fungi attacking grapevine wood. The composition of the EO was also studied. Ten volatile components were identified by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. The results showed that the EO consists of volatile components where monoterpene hydrocarbons are the most abundant ones. Four major components were identified, which represent 99.9% of the total EO (limonene, neral, β-pinene, and γ-terpinene). The AA of the EO was evaluated against three pathogenic fungi attacking grapevine wood ( Eutypa sp., Botryosphaeria dothidea , and Fomitiporia mediterranea ). The results showed that the EO exerts AA against all tested fungi and significantly inhibits their growth. Eutypa sp. is the most sensitive fungus. These results show, for the first time, a new use for the EO of lemon ( C. limon L.) to control fungal diseases of grapevine wood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]