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Your search keyword '"Romain Villéger"' showing total 2 results
Start Over Author "Romain Villéger" Topic escherichia coli
2 results on '"Romain Villéger"'

1. Abilities of the mCP Agar Method and CRENAME Alpha Toxin-Specific Real-Time PCR Assay To Detect Clostridium perfringens Spores in Drinking Water

Author

Dominique K. Boudreau, Maurice Boissinot, Luc Bissonnette, Ève Bérubé, Andrée F. Maheux, Romain Villéger, Michel G. Bergeron, and Philippe Cantin

Subjects
food.ingredient, Ecology, Biology, Clostridium perfringens, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease_cause, 16S ribosomal RNA, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Spore, Microbiology, Real-time polymerase chain reaction, Clostridium, food, cardiovascular system, Environmental Microbiology, medicine, Nucleic acid, Agar, heterocyclic compounds, Escherichia coli, Food Science, Biotechnology
Abstract

We first determined the analytical specificity and ubiquity (i.e., the ability to detect all or most strains) of a Clostridium perfringens -specific real-time PCR (rtPCR) assay based on the cpa gene ( cpa rtPCR) by using a bacterial strain panel composed of C. perfringens and non- C. perfringens Clostridium strains. All non- C. perfringens Clostridium strains tested negative, whereas all C. perfringens strains tested positive with the cpa rtPCR, for an analytical specificity and ubiquity of 100%. The cpa rtPCR assay was then used to confirm the identity of 116 putative C. perfringens isolates recovered after filtration of water samples and culture on mCP agar. Colonies presenting discordant results between the phenotype on mCP agar and cpa rtPCR were identified by sequencing the 16S rRNA and cpa genes. Four mCP − /rtPCR + colonies were identified as C. perfringens , whereas 3 mCP + /rtPCR − colonies were identified as non- C. perfringens . The cpa rtPCR was negative with all 51 non- C. perfringens strains and positive with 64 of 65 C. perfringens strains. Finally, we compared mCP agar and a CRENAME ( c oncentration and r ecovery of microbial particles, e xtraction of n ucleic a cids, and m olecular e nrichment) procedure plus cpa rtPCR (CRENAME + cpa rtPCR) for their abilities to detect C. perfringens spores in drinking water. CRENAME + cpa rtPCR detected as few as one C. perfringens CFU per 100 ml of drinking water sample in less than 5 h, whereas mCP agar took at least 25 h to deliver results. CRENAME + cpa rtPCR also allows the simultaneous and sensitive detection of Escherichia coli and C. perfringens from the same potable water sample. In itself, it could be used to assess the public health risk posed by drinking water potentially contaminated with pathogens more resistant to disinfection.

Published
2013

2. Gut Microbiota as Potential Biomarker and/or Therapeutic Target to Improve the Management of Cancer: Focus on Colibactin-Producing Escherichia coli in Colorectal Cancer.

Author

Julie, Veziant, Romain, Villéger, Nicolas, Barnich, Mathilde, Bonnet, and Limonta, Patrizia

Subjects
*COLON tumors, *BIOMARKERS, *ESCHERICHIA coli, *GUT microbiome, *CARCINOGENESIS, *ORGANIC compounds, *TREATMENT effectiveness, *DISEASE risk factors, RECTUM tumors
Abstract

Simple Summary: Gut microbiota is emerging as new diagnostic and prognostic marker and/or therapeutic target to improve the management of cancer. This review aims to summarize microbial signatures that have been associated with digestive and other cancers. We report the clinical relevance of these microbial markers to predict the response to cancer therapy. Among these biomarkers, colibactin-producing E. coli are prevalent in the colonic mucosa of patients with colorectal cancer and they promote colorectal carcinogenesis in several pre-clinical models. Here we discuss the promising use of colibactin-producing E. coli as a new predictive factor and a therapeutic target in colon cancer management. The gut microbiota is crucial for physiological development and immunological homeostasis. Alterations of this microbial community called dysbiosis, have been associated with cancers such colorectal cancers (CRC). The pro-carcinogenic potential of this dysbiotic microbiota has been demonstrated in the colon. Recently the role of the microbiota in the efficacy of anti-tumor therapeutic strategies has been described in digestive cancers and in other cancers (e.g., melanoma and sarcoma). Different bacterial species seem to be implicated in these mechanisms: F. nucleatum, B. fragilis, and colibactin-associated E. coli (CoPEC). CoPEC bacteria are prevalent in the colonic mucosa of patients with CRC and they promote colorectal carcinogenesis in susceptible mouse models of CRC. In this review, we report preclinical and clinical data that suggest that CoPEC could be a new factor predictive of poor outcomes that could be used to improve cancer management. Moreover, we describe the possibility of using these bacteria as new therapeutic targets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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