1. Novel metabolites from Trichoderma atroviride against human prostate cancer cells and their inhibitory effect on Helicobacter pylori and Shigella toxin producing Escherichia coli.
- Author
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Saravanakumar K, Mandava S, Chellia R, Jeevithan E, Babu Yelamanchi RS, Mandava D, Wen-Hui W, Lee J, Oh DH, Kathiresan K, and Wang MH
- Subjects
- Animals, Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology, Antineoplastic Agents pharmacology, Cell Line, Tumor drug effects, Cell Survival drug effects, Disease Models, Animal, Escherichia coli metabolism, Escherichia coli Infections, Fermentation, Humans, Male, Shiga Toxin metabolism, Anti-Bacterial Agents metabolism, Antineoplastic Agents metabolism, Escherichia coli drug effects, Helicobacter pylori drug effects, Prostatic Neoplasms drug therapy, Shiga-Toxigenic Escherichia coli drug effects, Trichoderma metabolism
- Abstract
The present study aimed to purify and identify the metabolites from T. atroviride using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and
1 H and13 C nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer (NMR) followed by analyzing their toxicological, antibacterial and anticancer properties. This work identified two metabolites - TM1 and TM2. TM1 was in two forms: (i) 1, 3-dione-5, 5-dimethylcyclohexane; and, (ii) 2-enone-3hydroxy -5,5-dimethylcylohex, while TM2 was 4H-1,3-dioxin-4-one-2,3,6-trimethyl. These metabolites did not exhibit any irritant or allergic reaction as revealed by HET- CAM test. TM2 significantly inhibited the growth of H. pylori and Shigella toxin producing Escherichia coli (STEC) as evident by in vitro and microscopic observations of bacterial cell death. TM2 also induced the cell death and cytotoxicity, as revealed by cell viability test and western blot analysis. According to microscopic, flow cytometer and western blot analysis, TM2 treated cells displayed higher ROS, cell death, and apoptosis-related protein expression than TM1 and control. This study concluded that TM2 derived from T. atroviride was a potential therapeutic agent for anti-prostate cancer and antibiotic agent against MDR- H. pylori and STEC and it is also recommended to carry out further in vivo animal model experiments with improved stability of the metabolites for future pharmaceutical trails., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2019
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