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A new species, Lysimachia fenghwaiana G.Hao & H.F.Yan (Primulaceae), from Hunan Province, China, is described and illustrated. This new species belongs to Lysimachia subgen. Lysimachia sect. Nummularia and is morphologically similar to L. crista-galli and L. carinata, but is distinctive in its leaf shape and arrangement of flowers. It can be further distinguished from L. crista-galli by the absence of calyx lobule spur, and from L. carinata by the black glandular striates in the corolla lobes, rather than punctate.

A new species, Lysimachia coriacea, from Chongqing, China, is described and illustrated. It is assigned to subgen. Lysimachia sect. Nummularia ser. Paridiformes and resembles L. paridiformis var. stenophylla, but is characterised by smaller leathery leaves with black glandular striations near the margin. It is also similar to L. nanpingensis in its two to three pairs of leaves sub-whorled at the stem apices, but differs by smaller leathery leaves and densely glandular stem, petiole and pedicel, and calyx lobes with sparse black glandular stripes.

A new species, Lysimachia xuyongensis X.F.Gao & W.B.Ju, from China is described and illustrated. The new species morphologically resembles L. miyiensis, L. paridiformis var. stenophylla and L. phyllocephala var. polycephala, but it clearly differs by having stems prostrate at base, dense white multicellular hairs, leave 4, lower scalelike, leaf blades and calyx carrying sparsely reddish glandular punctation, pedicel less than 5 mm, corolla lobes without glandular and ovary glabrous.

Lysimachia neolongipedicellata M. Idrees & J. M. H. Shaw, nom. nov. Replaced name: — Lysimachia longipedicellata R.Trevis., Funez & Hassemer (2021: 147), nom. illeg. non L. longipedicellata (Lunell) Hand.-Mazz. (1928: 80). Type: — BRAZIL. Santa Catarina: Lages, em Direção a Otacílio Costa, 11 Nov. 2013, R. Trevisan 1378 (holotype FLOR0061999). Distribution: — Paraná and Santa Catarina (South Brazil); Endangered (Funez et al. 2021)., Published as part of Idrees, Muhammad, Li, Meng & Shaw, Julian M. H., 2022, Lysimachia neolongipedicellata, a new name for L. longipedicellata R. Trevis., Funez & Hassemer (Primulaceae), pp. 197-198 in Phytotaxa 574 (2) on page 197, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.574.2.10, http://zenodo.org/record/7380819, {"references":["Funez, L. A., Hassemer, G. & Trevisan, R. (2021) Novelties and notes on Lysimachia (Primulaceae): Five new species from Brazil, Two new combinations, and ten typifications. Systematic Botany 46 (1): 130 - 151. https: // doi. org / 10.1600 / 036364421 X 16128061189396"]}

Lysimachia nutantiflora F.H.Chen & C.M.Hu (1979: 28) (Fig. 4) References: — Hu & Kelso (1996: 53). Habitat and phenology: —Evergreen forests; 800–1100 m. Flowering in May–June, fruiting unknown. Distribution: — China (SW Guangxi), Vietnam (Gia Lai: Kon Chu Rang Nature Reserve). Studied specimens: — VIETNAM. Gia Lai province: K’Bang district, Son Lang municipality, Kon Chu Rang Nature Reserve, 29 km ESE of Mang Den town, forest, near waterfall, N 14°31’05’’ E 108°32’50’’, 1000 m, 01 June 2016, M. S . Nuraliev 1624 (IBSC; MW: MW0754511). Notes. Lysimachia nutantiflora is described as having an elongate several- to many-flowered terminal raceme, which is an important character for identification of this species (Hu & Kelso 1996). However, the flower-subtending bracts of L. nutantiflora are leaf-like, with the lower bracts differing from the leaves only in being twice smaller (sometimes even insignificantly smaller, as seen in the Vietnamese specimen). Thus, L. nutantiflora shows an intermediate morphology between a terminal raceme and solitary flowers in axils of the upper leaves., Published as part of Nuraliev, Maxim S., Toyama, Hironori, Hu, Chi-Ming, Luo, Shi-Xiao, Lyskov, Dmitry F., Kuznetsov, Andrey N., Kuznetsova, Svetlana P., Quang, Bui Hong, Binh, Tran Duc & Hoan, Duong Thi, 2022, Three new national records from Kon Chu Rang Nature Reserve, Vietnam: Euphorbia bokorensis, Glochidion geoffrayi and Lysimachia nutantiflora, pp. 73-82 in Phytotaxa 574 (1) on pages 79-80, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.574.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/7359814, {"references":["Hu, C. M. & Kelso, S. (1996) Primulaceae. In: Wu, Z. Y., Raven, P. H. & Hong, D. Y. (Eds.) Flora of China. Vol. 15. Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden, Beijing and St. Louis, pp. 39 - 189."]}

Lysimachia ruhmeriana Vatke — Habit: Herb. Habitat: LMWF, LMDF, BZ, HZ; up to 3 500 m. Distribution: II. Voucher: Near Mount Kenya Lodge, Alt. 2 958 m, 26 Jan. 2015, SAJIT 002857 (HIB). References: Taylor (1958), Bussmann (1993, 1994), Bussmann & Beck (1995a), Agnew (2013)., Published as part of Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Mount Kenya, East Africa, pp. 1-108 in Phytotaxa 546 (1) on page 71, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.546.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6550464, {"references":["Taylor, P. (1958) Primulaceae. In: Hubbard, C. E. & Milne-Redhead, E. (Eds.) Flora of Tropical East Africa. Crown Agents, London, 20 pp.","Bussmann, R. W. (1993) The forest of Mt. Kenya (Kenya): A phytosociological approach with special reference to ecological problems. Ph. D. Thesis, Eberhard Karls Universitat Tubingen, Tubingen, 119 pp.","Bussmann, R. W. (1994) The forest of Mt. Kenya (Kenya): Vegetation, ecology, destruction and management of a tropical mountain forest ecosystem. Ph. D. dissertation, Universitat Bayreuth Startseite, Bayreuth, 252 pp.","Bussmann, R. W. & Beck, E. (1995 a) The forests of Mt. Kenya (Kenya), a phytosociological synopsis. Phytocoenologia 25 (4): 467 - 560. https: // doi. org / 10.1127 / phyto / 25 / 1995 / 467","Agnew, A. D. Q. (2013) Upland Kenya wild flowers and ferns, 3 rd edn. Nature Kenya Publications, Nairobi, 733 pp."]}

Lysimachia adoensis (Kunze) Klatt — Habit: Herb. Habitat: LMDF; 1 400–3 500 m. Distribution: II. Voucher: N/A. References: Taylor (1958), Agnew (2013)., Published as part of Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Mount Kenya, East Africa, pp. 1-108 in Phytotaxa 546 (1) on page 71, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.546.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6550464, {"references":["Taylor, P. (1958) Primulaceae. In: Hubbard, C. E. & Milne-Redhead, E. (Eds.) Flora of Tropical East Africa. Crown Agents, London, 20 pp.","Agnew, A. D. Q. (2013) Upland Kenya wild flowers and ferns, 3 rd edn. Nature Kenya Publications, Nairobi, 733 pp."]}

Lysimachia brevipes (P.Taylor) U.Manns & Anderb. — Habit: Herb. Habitat: LMWF, LMDF; 1 800–2 600 m. Distribution: II. Voucher: Naro Moru Track, Alt. 2 546 m, 23 Jul. 2014, SAJIT 002084 (HIB). Reference: N/A., Published as part of Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Mount Kenya, East Africa, pp. 1-108 in Phytotaxa 546 (1) on page 71, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.546.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6550464

Lysimachia serpens (Hochst. ex Duby) U.Manns & Anderb. — Habit: Herb. Habitat: LMWF, LMDF, BZ, UMF, HZ, AZ, NZ; 1 900–4 500 m. Distribution: I. Voucher: Kamweti Camp Site to Sagana Camp Site, Alt. 3065 m, 1 Feb. 2015, SAJIT 003068 (HIB). References: Taylor (1958), Young & Peacock (1985), Blundell (1987), Bussmann (1993, 1994), Bussmann & Beck (1995a), Agnew (2013)., Published as part of Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Mount Kenya, East Africa, pp. 1-108 in Phytotaxa 546 (1) on page 71, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.546.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6550464, {"references":["Taylor, P. (1958) Primulaceae. In: Hubbard, C. E. & Milne-Redhead, E. (Eds.) Flora of Tropical East Africa. Crown Agents, London, 20 pp.","Young, T. P. & Peacock, M. M. (1985) Vegetative key to the alpine vascular plants of Mount Kenya. Journal of the East Africa National History Society & National Museum 75 (185): 1 - 9. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2028.2004.00514. x","Blundell, M. (1987) Collins guide to the wild flowers of East Africa. Collins, London, 464 pp.","Bussmann, R. W. (1993) The forest of Mt. Kenya (Kenya): A phytosociological approach with special reference to ecological problems. Ph. D. Thesis, Eberhard Karls Universitat Tubingen, Tubingen, 119 pp.","Bussmann, R. W. (1994) The forest of Mt. Kenya (Kenya): Vegetation, ecology, destruction and management of a tropical mountain forest ecosystem. Ph. D. dissertation, Universitat Bayreuth Startseite, Bayreuth, 252 pp.","Bussmann, R. W. & Beck, E. (1995 a) The forests of Mt. Kenya (Kenya), a phytosociological synopsis. Phytocoenologia 25 (4): 467 - 560. https: // doi. org / 10.1127 / phyto / 25 / 1995 / 467","Agnew, A. D. Q. (2013) Upland Kenya wild flowers and ferns, 3 rd edn. Nature Kenya Publications, Nairobi, 733 pp."]}

Lysimachia hexamera (P.Taylor) U.Manns & Anderb. — Habit: Herb. Habitat: LMWF, BZ; 2 000–2 600 m. Distribution: II. Voucher: N/A. Reference: Agnew (2013)., Published as part of Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Mount Kenya, East Africa, pp. 1-108 in Phytotaxa 546 (1) on page 71, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.546.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6550464, {"references":["Agnew, A. D. Q. (2013) Upland Kenya wild flowers and ferns, 3 rd edn. Nature Kenya Publications, Nairobi, 733 pp."]}

Lysimachia angustiloba (Engl.) U.Manns & Anderb. — Habit: Herb. Habitat: LMWF, LMDF; 2 000–2 600 m. Distribution: II. Voucher: Chogoria Track, Alt. 2 523 m, 27 Jan. 2015, SAJIT 002913 (HIB). References: Taylor (1958), Agnew (2013)., Published as part of Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Mount Kenya, East Africa, pp. 1-108 in Phytotaxa 546 (1) on page 71, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.546.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6550464, {"references":["Taylor, P. (1958) Primulaceae. In: Hubbard, C. E. & Milne-Redhead, E. (Eds.) Flora of Tropical East Africa. Crown Agents, London, 20 pp.","Agnew, A. D. Q. (2013) Upland Kenya wild flowers and ferns, 3 rd edn. Nature Kenya Publications, Nairobi, 733 pp."]}

Lysimachia xuyongensis X.F.Gao & W.B.Ju, sp. nov. (Figs. 1 & 2). Diagnosis: — L. xuyongensis can be distinguished from similar species by the stolons 5–15 cm long, stems densely white multicellular hairs, leaves 4, leaf blade and calyx with indistinctly reddish glandular punctation, short pedicels, corolla lobes without glandular and ovary glabrous. Type: — CHINA. Sichuan Province: Xuyong City, Shuiwei Town, Huagaoxi National Nature Reserve, Growing in the wet place under the hillside forest, 28°16’36.84” N, 105°38’7.44” E, elevation ca. 732m, 14 April 2019, W.B . Ju J– 746 (holotype: CDBI!; isotypes: KUN!, PE!). Perennial herb, 15–30 cm tall. Stems elongating prostrate from the base, 5–15 cm long, roots grow out from the nodes, ascending-erect from the prostrate lower part, with dense white multicellular hairs, persist. Leaves opposite, upper 2 pairs crowded, lower leaves scalelike; petiole 0.5–2.5 cm, narrowly winged by decurrent leaf blade; leaf blades ovate to broadly ovate or rhomboid-ovate, 3.0–13.0 × 2.5–7.5 cm, dense multicellular hairs on abaxial veins, sparse bristles on both sides of the blade, indistinctly reddish glandular punctation, margin entire, base broadly cuneate to subrounded, apex acute; veins 4–5 pairs. Racemes shortened to subcapitate; bracts ovate-lanceolate to broadly ovate-lanceolate, 0.8–4.5 × 0.3–2.0 cm, sparse bristles on abaxial veins and margin, indistinctly glandular punctation. Pedicel shorter than 0.5 cm, with white multicellular hairs. Calyx lobes oblong-lanceolate, 0.6–1.0 cm, with glabrous or sparsely ciliate. Corolla yellow; tube ca. 0.2 cm; lobes oblong, 0.9–1.3 cm, without glandular punctation, apex rounded or slightly emarginate. Filaments connate basally into a ca. 0.3 cm tube long, free parts 0.2–0.3 cm; anthers ovate, dorsifixed, opening by lateral slits, ca. 0.2 cm. Ovary glabrous; style ca. 1.0 cm. Capsule subglobose. Phenology: —Flowering in April, fruiting in June. Distribution and habitat: —The new species is known from the type locality in Huagaoxi National Nature Reserve, Xuyong City, Sichuan Province, China. It grows in the wet place under the hillside forests, at elevations of 700– 900 m. Etymology: —The species epithet refers to the name of the county where the species type locality. Additional specimens examined (paratypes): — CHINA. Sichuan: Xuyong City, Shuiwei Town, Huagaoxi National Nature R0eserve, 28°16’36.03” N, 105°38’6.42” E, elevation 742 m, 8 June 2013, X.F . Gao, Y.D Gao & W.B Ju HGX11784 (CDBI!); China. Sichuan: Xuyong City, Shuiwei Town, Huagaoxi National Nature Reserve, 28°18’23.16” N, 105°39’28.62” E, elevation 900 m, 15 May 2014, L .Zhang, X.M. Zhou & W.B. Ju HGX14759 (CDBI!). Conservation status:—This species is currently known only from the type locality with two collections, and a total of approximately 500 individuals has been found. There is no more information about its conservation status. Based on current information to date, we propose to classify L. xuyongensis into the ‘Data Deficient’ (DD) category of IUCN (2019).

Lysimachia xuyongensis X.F.Gao & W.B.Ju, sp. nov. (Figs. 1 & 2). Diagnosis: ��� L. xuyongensis can be distinguished from similar species by the stolons 5���15 cm long, stems densely white multicellular hairs, leaves 4, leaf blade and calyx with indistinctly reddish glandular punctation, short pedicels, corolla lobes without glandular and ovary glabrous. Type: ��� CHINA. Sichuan Province: Xuyong City, Shuiwei Town, Huagaoxi National Nature Reserve, Growing in the wet place under the hillside forest, 28��16���36.84��� N, 105��38���7.44��� E, elevation ca. 732m, 14 April 2019, W.B . Ju J��� 746 (holotype: CDBI!; isotypes: KUN!, PE!). Perennial herb, 15���30 cm tall. Stems elongating prostrate from the base, 5���15 cm long, roots grow out from the nodes, ascending-erect from the prostrate lower part, with dense white multicellular hairs, persist. Leaves opposite, upper 2 pairs crowded, lower leaves scalelike; petiole 0.5���2.5 cm, narrowly winged by decurrent leaf blade; leaf blades ovate to broadly ovate or rhomboid-ovate, 3.0���13.0 �� 2.5���7.5 cm, dense multicellular hairs on abaxial veins, sparse bristles on both sides of the blade, indistinctly reddish glandular punctation, margin entire, base broadly cuneate to subrounded, apex acute; veins 4���5 pairs. Racemes shortened to subcapitate; bracts ovate-lanceolate to broadly ovate-lanceolate, 0.8���4.5 �� 0.3���2.0 cm, sparse bristles on abaxial veins and margin, indistinctly glandular punctation. Pedicel shorter than 0.5 cm, with white multicellular hairs. Calyx lobes oblong-lanceolate, 0.6���1.0 cm, with glabrous or sparsely ciliate. Corolla yellow; tube ca. 0.2 cm; lobes oblong, 0.9���1.3 cm, without glandular punctation, apex rounded or slightly emarginate. Filaments connate basally into a ca. 0.3 cm tube long, free parts 0.2���0.3 cm; anthers ovate, dorsifixed, opening by lateral slits, ca. 0.2 cm. Ovary glabrous; style ca. 1.0 cm. Capsule subglobose. Phenology: ���Flowering in April, fruiting in June. Distribution and habitat: ���The new species is known from the type locality in Huagaoxi National Nature Reserve, Xuyong City, Sichuan Province, China. It grows in the wet place under the hillside forests, at elevations of 700��� 900 m. Etymology: ���The species epithet refers to the name of the county where the species type locality. Additional specimens examined (paratypes): ��� CHINA. Sichuan: Xuyong City, Shuiwei Town, Huagaoxi National Nature R0eserve, 28��16���36.03��� N, 105��38���6.42��� E, elevation 742 m, 8 June 2013, X.F . Gao, Y.D Gao & W.B Ju HGX11784 (CDBI!); China. Sichuan: Xuyong City, Shuiwei Town, Huagaoxi National Nature Reserve, 28��18���23.16��� N, 105��39���28.62��� E, elevation 900 m, 15 May 2014, L .Zhang, X.M. Zhou & W.B. Ju HGX14759 (CDBI!). Conservation status:���This species is currently known only from the type locality with two collections, and a total of approximately 500 individuals has been found. There is no more information about its conservation status. Based on current information to date, we propose to classify L. xuyongensis into the ���Data Deficient��� (DD) category of IUCN (2019)., Published as part of Ju, Wen-Bin, Deng, Heng-Ning, Xu, Bo, He, Xing-Jin & Gao, Xin-Fen, 2021, Lysimachia xuyongensis (Primulaceae), a new species from Sichuan, China, pp. 59-64 in Phytotaxa 525 (1) on page 60, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.525.1.7, http://zenodo.org/record/5681849

Lysimachia fanii, a new species of Lysimachia (Subgen. Idiophyton, Primulaceae), is described and illustrated from Guangxi, China based on morphological and molecular data. Lysimachia fanii differs from L. verbascifolia, L. rupestris and L. alpestris mainly by the habit being nearly rosulate, leaves congested at the apex of the rhizome, leaf blades spatulate to narrowly oblanceolate and flowers solitary. Phylogenetic analyses supported L. verbascifolia as sister to L. fanii. This new species is endemic to limestone areas in Liucheng county of Guangxi, China.

A new species of Lysimachia, L. xiangxiensis (Primulaceae), is described and illustrated from western Hunan, central China. The species is similar to L. melampyroides in plant densely strigillose, leaves subglabrous adaxially, and flowers usually solitary in axils of upper leaves, but differs by the succulent leaves, the creeping or ascending stems 15–25 cm long, and the suborbicular to broadly elliptic corolla lobes. This new species is also supported by a molecular phylogenetic analysis of some Lysimachia species based on ITS sequence data.

A new species of Lysimachia (Primulaceae), Lysimachiatianmaensis K. Liu, S.B. Zhou & Ying Wang sp. nov., is described and illustrated from Jinzhai County, Anhui, China. It is endemic to Dabieshan Mountain, China. The new species has yellow flowers and belongs to the subgenus LysimachiasectionNummularia series Grammicae. It is very easily distinguishable from other related species by having alternate leaves with brown patches beneath and an auriculated leaf base.

Lysimachia rupestris F. H. Chen & C. M. Hu (Fig. 1) In Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica 17 (4): 40 (1979). SPECIMEN DATA. ��� Vietnam. Ha Long Bay, Quang Ninh, 20��48���6.56���N, 106��59���40.51���E, alt. 163 m, on rocks at the top of limestone hills, 29.IV.2015, Nian He Xia, Viet Lam Le & Duy Hung Vuong, s.n . (IBSC, two duplicates). DESCRIPTION Herbs perennial, 2-5 cm tall, glabrous throughout. Stems copiously minutely glandular; stolons 2- many, 6-17 cm long, arising from leaf rosette, leafy at apex. Leaves spirally arranged, �� forming a rosette; petiole 1-2 cm long, narrowly winged; leaf blade elliptic-oblanceolate, 3-6.5 �� 1.2-2.2 cm, minutely glandular on both sides, base long attenuate, margin narrowly revolute, apex acute to obtuse; veins 3 or 4 pairs, prominent abaxially; veinlets invisible. Flowers solitary, axillary. Pedicel 2.5-4 cm long, densely minutely glandular. Calyx c. 1 cm long, divided to base, lobes lanceolate, c. 1 cm �� 1.5-2 mm, densely minutely glandular, especially so at the base, with 1 midvein, reticulate veins inconspicuous. Corolla yellow, divided near to base, lobes oblong-lanceolate, 7-8 mm �� c. 2 mm, apex acute to obtuse, glabrous. Stamens 5, filaments c. 1 mm long, connate basally into a ring, free parts c. 0.7 mm long; anthers 4-5 mm, basifixed, opening by apical pores. Style c. 6 mm long, glabrous; stigma punctate, ovary subglobose, glabrous. Capsule subglobose, c. 4 mm in diam. Flowering April-May, fruiting May-August. REMARKS Because of the similar vegetative appearance, Chen & Hu (1979) assigned Lysimachia rupestris together with L. alpestris Champ. ex Benth. to subgenus Lysimachia section Rosulatae R. Knuth only according to the flower characters of L. alpestris, i.e. the dorsifixed anthers opening by lateral slits, which is an important feature of subgenus Lysimachia, although it also has short filaments connate basally into a very short ring and does not bear colored glands, which are the features of subgenus Idiophyton Hand.-Mazz. Bennell & Hu (1983) suggested that subgenus Lysimachia section Rosulatae could be derived directly from subgenus Idiophyton section Apodanthera based on pollen morphology. Recent phylogenetic research confirmed that section Rosulatae is more close to subgenus Idiophyton, rather than subgenus Lysimachia (Hao et al. 2004; Anderberg et al. 2007). Our supplement of the floral characters, especially the basifixed anthers opening by apical pores (Fig. 1F) of L. rupestris is another strong evidence to support that section Rosulatae should be transferred to subgenus Idiophyton. The third species with the spirally aggregated leaves forming nearly rosettes is the recently described L. verbascifolia (Phan & Hu 2011). This species also has basifixed anthers opening by apical pores, which shows its affinity of L. rupestis. However, the lack of stolons in L. verbascifolia adds confusion to the relationship between these species. Thus, there is still much work to do to figure out their systematic position., Published as part of Tong, Yi-Hua, Xia, Nian-He & Lam, Le Viet, 2017, Lysimachia rupestris F. H. Chen & C. M. Hu (Primulaceae): a new record for the flora of Vietnam and reconsideration of its taxonomical position, pp. 125-128 in Adansonia 39 (2) on page 126, DOI: 10.5252/a2017n2a3, http://zenodo.org/record/4599112, {"references":["CHEN F. H. & HU C. M. 1979. - Taxonomic and phytogeographic studies on Chinese species of Lysimachia. Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica 17 (4): 21 - 53.","BENNELL A. P. & HU C. M. 1983. - The pollen morphology and taxonomy of Lysimachia. Notes from the Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh 40: 425 - 458.","HAO G., YUAN Y. M., HU C. M., GE X. J. & ZHAO N. X. 2004. - Molecular phylogeny of Lysimachia (Myrsinaceae) based on chloroplast trn L-F and nuclear ribosomal ITS sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 31: 323 - 339. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / S 1055 - 7903 (03) 00286 - 0","PHAN K. L. & HU C. M. 2011. - Lysimachia vietnamensis and L. verbascifolia spp. nov. (Primulaceae) from Vietnam. Nordic Journal of Botany 29: 601 - 604. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1756 - 1051.2011.01174. x"]}

Lysimachia rupestris F. H. Chen & C. M. Hu is reported for the first time in Vietnam, in Cat Ba National Park. The supplemental description of its floral characters is applied. It has glabrous yellow corollas divided near to base, and stamens with short filaments connate basally into a ring and basifixed anthers opening by apical pores. The systematic position of L. rupestris F. H. Chen & C. M. Hu and its closely related species is also discussed.

Lysimachia rupestris F. H. Chen & C. M. Hu (Fig. 1) In Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica 17 (4): 40 (1979). SPECIMEN DATA. — Vietnam. Ha Long Bay, Quang Ninh, 20°48’6.56”N, 106°59’40.51”E, alt. 163 m, on rocks at the top of limestone hills, 29.IV.2015, Nian He Xia, Viet Lam Le & Duy Hung Vuong, s.n . (IBSC, two duplicates). DESCRIPTION Herbs perennial, 2-5 cm tall, glabrous throughout. Stems copiously minutely glandular; stolons 2- many, 6-17 cm long, arising from leaf rosette, leafy at apex. Leaves spirally arranged, ± forming a rosette; petiole 1-2 cm long, narrowly winged; leaf blade elliptic-oblanceolate, 3-6.5 × 1.2-2.2 cm, minutely glandular on both sides, base long attenuate, margin narrowly revolute, apex acute to obtuse; veins 3 or 4 pairs, prominent abaxially; veinlets invisible. Flowers solitary, axillary. Pedicel 2.5-4 cm long, densely minutely glandular. Calyx c. 1 cm long, divided to base, lobes lanceolate, c. 1 cm × 1.5-2 mm, densely minutely glandular, especially so at the base, with 1 midvein, reticulate veins inconspicuous. Corolla yellow, divided near to base, lobes oblong-lanceolate, 7-8 mm × c. 2 mm, apex acute to obtuse, glabrous. Stamens 5, filaments c. 1 mm long, connate basally into a ring, free parts c. 0.7 mm long; anthers 4-5 mm, basifixed, opening by apical pores. Style c. 6 mm long, glabrous; stigma punctate, ovary subglobose, glabrous. Capsule subglobose, c. 4 mm in diam. Flowering April-May, fruiting May-August. REMARKS Because of the similar vegetative appearance, Chen & Hu (1979) assigned Lysimachia rupestris together with L. alpestris Champ. ex Benth. to subgenus Lysimachia section Rosulatae R. Knuth only according to the flower characters of L. alpestris, i.e. the dorsifixed anthers opening by lateral slits, which is an important feature of subgenus Lysimachia, although it also has short filaments connate basally into a very short ring and does not bear colored glands, which are the features of subgenus Idiophyton Hand.-Mazz. Bennell & Hu (1983) suggested that subgenus Lysimachia section Rosulatae could be derived directly from subgenus Idiophyton section Apodanthera based on pollen morphology. Recent phylogenetic research confirmed that section Rosulatae is more close to subgenus Idiophyton, rather than subgenus Lysimachia (Hao et al. 2004; Anderberg et al. 2007). Our supplement of the floral characters, especially the basifixed anthers opening by apical pores (Fig. 1F) of L. rupestris is another strong evidence to support that section Rosulatae should be transferred to subgenus Idiophyton. The third species with the spirally aggregated leaves forming nearly rosettes is the recently described L. verbascifolia (Phan & Hu 2011). This species also has basifixed anthers opening by apical pores, which shows its affinity of L. rupestis. However, the lack of stolons in L. verbascifolia adds confusion to the relationship between these species. Thus, there is still much work to do to figure out their systematic position.

Sixteen endemic Hawaiian species of Lysimachia, formerly referred to as subgenus Lysimachiopsis, form a morphologically distinct and monophyletic group within the genus. This group has radiated in various habitats, and most species are endemic to a single island. To reconstruct phylogenetic interrelationships between the recognized taxa, we conducted phylogenetic analyses of 12 species of Lysimachia subgenus Lysimachiopsis using nuclear ribosomal DNA from two (ETS, ITS) and plastid DNA from five markers (rpl16, rpl20-rps12, rps16, trnH-psbA, trnS-G). A Bayesian analysis using all molecular data indicated that there are two major evolutionary lineages of Hawaiian endemic Lysimachia. The results also provide new insights into the evolutionary history of the problematic L. hillebrandii/L. remyi complex, showing that L. hillebrandii and L. waianaeensis are closely related but that L. ovoidea is more distantly related and belongs to the other major lineage. Furthermore, L. remyi subsp. remyi and subsp. subherbacea are both closely related to L. maxima, but L. remyi subsp. caliginis and subsp. kipahuluensis belong to the second major lineage. Our results also indicated that earlier taxonomic treatments of the group need to be partially revised to reflect evolutionary relationships. A brief discussion on biogeography of the group is presented. The new combinations Lysimachia kipahuluensis subsp. caliginis and Lysimachia remyi subsp. maxima are made.

A new species of Primulaceae, Lysimachia dabieshanensis K. Liu & S.B. Zhou, is described and illustrated from Dabieshan mountain, Anhui, China. It is similar to L. melampyroides var. amplexicaulis and L. klattiana in leaf and flower shape, but can be distinguished by its taller plant, connate-perfoliate leaves at lower nodes of stem and branch, and obviously raised veins abaxially.

A new species of Primulaceae from Thailand, Lysimachia kraduengensis, is described and illustrated. It is morphologically similar to L. engleri, L. lancifolia, L. laxa and L. sikokiana in having solitary and axillary flowers, a yellow corolla, relatively long pedicels and basifixed anthers. The new species can be distinguished by the combination of its height, leaf texture, petiole, calyx and anther length, and brown coloration on the flowers. In addition, the conservation status, an updated key to Lysimachia species in Thailand, and discussion of the systematic placement of the new species based on the trnL-F marker of chloroplast DNA are provided.

Lysimachia atropurpurea Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 1: 147. 1753. "Habitat in Oriente." RCN: 1172. Lectotype (Wijnands, Bot. Commelins: 178. 1983): Herb. Linn. No. 207.5 (LINN). Current name: Lysimachia atropurpurea L. (Primulaceae)., Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part L), pp. 610-650 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 648, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971

Lysimachia vulgaris Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 1: 146. 1753. "Habitat in Europa ad ripas & paludes." RCN: 1170. Lectotype (Nasir in Nasir & Ali, Fl. Pakistan 157: 84. 1984): Herb. Linn. No. 207.1 (LINN). Generitype of Lysimachia Linnaeus (vide Hitchcock, Prop. Brit. Bot.: 129. 1929). Current name: Lysimachia vulgaris L. (Primulaceae)., Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part L), pp. 610-650 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 649, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971

Viscum terrestre Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 2: 1023. 1753. "Habitat in Philadelphiae pratis subhumidis. Kalm. IX. 32." RCN: 7407. Lectotype (designated here by Reveal): Kalm, " IX. 32 ", Herb. Linn. No. 1166.11 (LINN). Current name: Lysimachia terrestris (L.) Britton (Primulaceae)., Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part V), pp. 911-926 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 925, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971

Lysimachia nemorum Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 1: 148. 1753. "Habitat in Germaniae, Galliae, Angliae nemoribus glareosis." RCN: 1178. Type not designated. Original material: Herb. Linn. No. 207.13 (LINN); Herb. Clifford: 52, Lysimachia 7 (BM); Herb. Burser XIV(1): 96 (UPS); [icon] in Clusius, Rar. Pl. Hist. 2: 182. 1601; [icon] in Morison, Pl. Hist. Univ. 2: 569, s. 5, t. 26, f. 5. 1680. Current name: Lysimachia nemorum L. (Primulaceae)., Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part L), pp. 610-650 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 649, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971

Lysimachia quadrifolia Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 1: 147. 1753. "Habitat in Virginia." RCN: 1174. Lectotype (Reveal & al. in Huntia 7: 212. 1987): Clayton 419 (BM-000051554). Current name: Lysimachia quadrifolia L. (Primulaceae)., Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part L), pp. 610-650 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 649, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971

Lysimachia ephemerum Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 1: 146. 1753. "Habitat in Media." RCN: 1171. Type not designated. Original material: Herb. Linn. (UPS); Herb. Linn. No. 207.3 (LINN); [icon] in Tilli, Cat. Pl. Hort. Pisani: 106, t. 40, f. 2. 1723; [icon] in Buxbaum, Pl. Minus Cognit. Cent. 1: 22, t. 33. 1728. Current name: Lysimachia ephemerum L. (Primulaceae)., Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part L), pp. 610-650 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 649, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971

Lysimachia nummularia Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 1: 148. 1753. "Habitat in Europa juxta agros & scrobes." RCN: 1179. Type not designated. Original material: Herb. Clifford: 52, Lysimachia 6 (BM); Herb. Burser XVII: 95 (UPS); Herb. Linn. No. 207.14 (LINN); [icon] in Mattioli, Pl. Epit.: 394. 1586. Current name: Lysimachia nummularia L. (Primulaceae)., Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part L), pp. 610-650 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 649, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971

Lysimachia punctata Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 1: 147. 1753. "Habitat in Hollandia inter arundines." RCN: 1175. Lectotype (designated here by Chater & Preston): Herb. Linn. No. 207.10 (LINN). Current name: Lysimachia punctata L. (Primulaceae)., Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part L), pp. 610-650 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 649, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971

Lysimachia thyrsiflora Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 1: 147. 1753. "Habitat in Europa, in paludibus." RCN: 1173. Type not designated. Original material: Herb. Linn. No. 207.8 (LINN); Herb. Clifford: 52, Lysimachia 5 (BM); [icon] in Clusius, Rar. Pl. Hist. 2: 53. 1601. Current name: Lysimachia thyrsiflora L. (Primulaceae)., Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part L), pp. 610-650 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 649, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971

Earlier hypotheses of floral evolution in Lysimachia and related genera were tested by phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences from the plastid gene ndhF. It is concluded that taxa with flowers provided with oil-producing trichomes are not advanced and buzz-polinated species with anther cone are not ancestral as earlier proposed. Instead, species of Lysimachia with buzz-pollinated flowers belong to one derived clade, species with flowers provided with nectar producing trichomes belong to another, both groups have evolved from yellow flowered oil-producing ancestors. We also show that Lysimachia and most of its subgenera as well as the genera Anagallis, Pelletiera and Asterolinon are paraphyletic or polyphyletic as presently circumscribed, and that Trientalis and a few American species of Lysimachia are the closest relatives of the other species of Lysimachia + Anagallis, Asterolinon, Pelleriera and Glaux. The subgeneric classification and the biogeographical patterns are briefly discussed.

Lysimachia nummularia, spec. nov. 10. Lysimachia foliis subcordatis, floribus solitariis, caule repente. Vir. cliff. 13. Hort. cliff. 52. Fl. suec. 168. Mat. med. 67. Roy. lugdb. 416. Hall. helv. 481. Nummularia major lutea. Bauh. pin. 309. Anagallis mas. Cam. epit. 394. Habitat in Europa juxta agros & scrobes. ���, Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1753, Species plantarum: exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 148, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3931989

Lysimachia linum-stellatum, spec. nov. 8. Lysimachia calycibus corollam superantibus, caule erecto ramosissimo. Roy. lugdb. 416. Hort. ups. 37. Sauv. monsp. 130. Linum minimum stellatum. Bauh. pin. 214. prodr. 107. Magn. monsp. 163. t.162. Habitat in Gallia . ���, Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1753, Species plantarum: exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 148, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3931989

Lysimachia tenella, spec. nov. 11. Lysimachia foliis ovatis acutiusculis, pedunculis folio longioribus, caule repente. Lysimachia foliis subrotundis, floribus solitariis longe pedunculatis. Guett. stamp. 2. p.119. Lysimachia foliis orbiculatis planis, floribus solitariis rubellis, caule repente. Sauv. monsp. 135. Nummularia minor, purpurascente flore. Bauh. pin. 310. prodr. 139. Moris. hist. 2. p.567. s.5. t.26. f.2. Habitat in Galliae , Angliae humidis., Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1753, Species plantarum: exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 148, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3931989

Lysimachia atropurpurea, spec. nov. 3. Lysimachia spicis terminalibus patulis lanceolatis, staminibus corolla longioribus. Lysimachia foliis lanceolato-linearibus caulem & ramos spica ovata terminante. Hort. cliff. 51. Lysimachia foliis lanceolato-linearibus, spicis terminalibus. Roy. lugdb. 415. Hort. ups. 37. * Lysimachia orientalis angustifolia. Comm. rar. 93. t.33. Habitat in Oriente . ���, Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1753, Species plantarum: exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 147, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3931989

Lysimachia ephemerum, spec. nov. 2. Lysimachia racemis simplicibus terminalibus, petalis obtusis, staminibus corolla brevioribus. Lysimachia racemo simplici terminali, foliis lanceolato-linearibus. Vir. cliff. 13. Hort. cliff. 3. Roy. lugdb. 415. Lysimachia spicata purpurea minor. Buxb. cent. 1. p.22. t.33. Lysimachia orientalis minor, foliis glaucis. Till. pis. 106. t.40. f.2. Habitat in Media . ��� Conf. Ephemerum matthioli. Bauh. pin. 244. Bauh. hist. 2. p.905. Dod. pempt. 203. Convenit cum L. atropurpurea habitu, structura, glauco colore. Differt Petalis obtusis, patulis, staminibus corolla brevioribus, floribus pedicillo insidentibus; cum illa Petala gerit acuminata, calyce paulo longiora, conniventia, saturate rubra; stamina corolla longiora, antheris fuscis; Flores in spicam sessiles; interim maxime affines sunt., Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1753, Species plantarum: exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 146, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3931989

Lysimachia vulgaris, spec. nov. 1. Lysimachia paniculata, racemis terminalibus. Lysimachia foliis lanceolatis, racemo composito terminali. Virid. cliff. 415. Fl. suec. 166. Roy. lugdb. 416. Lysimachia foliis lanceolatis, corymbo terminali. Fl. lapp. 81. Hort. cliff.50. Lysimachia lutea major. Bauh. pin. 245. Habitat in Europa ad ripas & paludes. ���, Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1753, Species plantarum: exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 146, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3931989

Lysimachia nemorum, spec. nov. 9. Lusimachia foliis ovatis acutis, floribus solitariis, caule procumbente. Hort. cliff. 52. Roy. lugdb. 416. Anagallis lutea nemorum. Bauh. pin. 252. Moris. hist. 2. p.569. s.5. t.26. f.5. Anagallis. Clus. hist. 2. p. 182. Habitat in Germaniae , Galliae , Angliae nemoribus glareosis., Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1753, Species plantarum: exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 148, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3931989

Lysimachia punctata, spec. nov. 6. Lysimachia foliis subquaternis, pedunculis verticillatis unifloris. Lysimachia foliis lanceolatis, floribus solitariis. Hort. cliff. 52. Roy. lugdb. 416. Gron. virg.20. Lysimachia lutea minor, foliis nigris punctis notatis. Bauh. pin. 245. Lysimachia lutea 11. Clus. hist. 2. p.52. f.2. Blattariae affinis planta minor, flore luteo, foliis nigris punctis notatis. Moris. hist. 2. p.491. s.5. t.10. f.15. Habitat in Hollandia inter arundines., Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1753, Species plantarum: exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 147, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3931989

Lysimachia ciliata, spec. nov. 7. Lysimachia petiolis ciliatis, floribus cernuis. Lysimachia foliis ovato-lanceolatis subcordatis, petiolis margine utrinque lanatis, flore solitario. Wach. ultr. 390. Lysimachia canadensis, jalappae foliis. Sarac. canad. Walth. hort. 32. t.12. Habitat in Virginia , Canada . Caulis erectus. Folia opposita, oblongo-ovata, integerrima, acuta, glabra: nervis lateralibus; petioli canaliculati, ciliati. Pedunculi solitarii, uniflori, nudi., Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1753, Species plantarum: exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on pages 147-148, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3931989

Lysimachia quadrifolia, spec. nov. 5. Lysimachia foliis quaternis subsessilibus, pedunculis quaternis unifloris. Lysimachia foliis ovato-acutis quaternis. Gron. virg.20. Anagallis marina lutea, foliis latis stellatis. Pet. gaz. 5. t.2. f.5. Anagallis lutea foliis & floribus ex eodem exortu quatuor ex aequalibus surculorum intervallis cruciatim positis. Pluk. mant.12. Habitat in Virginia ., Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1753, Species plantarum: exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 147, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3931989

The wood structure of 78 species from 27 genera representing the woody primuloids (Maesaceae, Myrsina- ceae, and Theophrastaceae) was investigated using light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results indicated that the ray structure, the nature of mineral inclusions, and the occurrence of breakdown areas in rays can be used to separate the three primuloid families from each other. Within Ericales, the presence of exclusively multiseriate rays is synapomorphic for Myrsinaceae and Theophrastaceae, and the occurrence of breakdown areas in rays is synapomorphic for Myrsinaceae. Within Myrsinaceae, the wood structure of the mangrove genus Aegiceras differs because it has short vessel elements that are storied, non-septate fibers, a combination of low uni- and multiseriate rays, and multiseriate rays with exclusively procumbent body ray cells. The aberrant wood anatomy of Coris and Lysimachia can be explained by their secondary woodiness. Within Theophrastaceae, Clavija and Theophrasta can be distinguished from Bonellia, Jacquinia, and Deherainia. The recent division of Jacquinia s.l. into Jacquinia s.s. and Bonellia is supported by a difference in mineral inclusions.