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Background: The pathophysiology of changes in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) detected after a seizure is not fully understood., Objective: To characterize and describe seizure-induced changes detected by MRI., Animals: Eighty-one client-owned dogs diagnosed with idiopathic epilepsy., Methods: Data collected retrospectively from medical records and included anatomical areas affected, T1-, T2-weighted and T2-FLAIR (fluid-attenuated inversion recovery) appearance, whether changes were unilateral or bilateral, symmetry, contrast enhancement, mass effect, and, gray and white matter distribution. Diffusion- and perfusion weighted maps were evaluated, if available., Results: Seizure-induced changes were T2-hyperintense with no suppression of signal on FLAIR. Lesions were T1-isointense (55/81) or hypointense (26/81), local mass effect (23/81) and contrast enhancement (12/81). The majority of changes were bilateral (71/81) and symmetrical (69/71). The most common areas affected were the hippocampus (39/81) cingulate gyrus (33/81), hippocampus and piriform lobes (32/81). Distribution analysis suggested concurrence between cingulate gyrus and pulvinar thalamic nuclei, the cingulate gyrus and parahippocampal gyrus, hippocampus and piriform lobe, and, hippocampus and parahippocampal gyrus. Diffusion (DWI) characteristics were a mixed-pattern of restricted, facilitated, and normal diffusion. Perfusion (PWI) showed either hypoperfusion (6/9) or hyperperfusion (3/9)., Conclusions and Clinical Importance: More areas, than previously reported, have been identified that could incur seizure-induced changes. Similar to human literature, DWI and PWI changes have been identified that could reflect the underlying metabolic and vascular changes., (© 2021 The Authors. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.)

Background: Status epilepticus (SE) is an emergency associated with serious consequences for both patient and owner. Data regarding risk factors for short‐term mortality or recurrence in dogs with SE is limited. Objective: Identify risk factors associated with short‐term mortality (euthanasia or spontaneous death) and recurrence of SE in dogs. Animals: One hundred twenty‐four client‐owned dogs that sustained an episode of SE. Methods: Retrospective multicenter study using data collected from medical records of dogs presented in SE to the contributing institutions. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed using a manual backwards stepwise approach to identify risk factors associated with short‐term mortality and recurrence of SE after discharge. Results: Short‐term mortality for affected dogs was 29.8%. Factors significantly associated with short‐term mortality included increased patient age, shorter duration of hospitalization, development of SE before arrival, and SE caused by a potentially fatal etiology. Status epilepticus recurred in 27% of dogs that survived to discharge. Factors significantly associated with recurrence of SE included prior history of pharmacoresistant epilepsy and predominance of a focal seizure phenotype. Conclusions and Clinical Importance: Our results may be used to inform clinicians and dog owners regarding risk factors for both short‐term mortality and recurrence in dogs with SE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]