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Objective: Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder, the history of which dates back to thousands of years ago. Avicenna (980-1037 AD) is a famous Persian scholar who considered different types of epilepsy and their specific treatments. His book Al-Qanun fi al-Tibb was taught in Europe for several years. Along with explaining the diseases occurring in various body organs, the book describes neurological and neuropsychological conditions such as epilepsy METHODS: This article is a review of the book Al-Qanun fi al-Tibb and some of the traditional Persian medicine sources, including Kāmil al-Sināa al Tibbiya and Makhzan-O-L Advieh, on uterine epilepsy, its etiology, clinical manifestations and treatments. Also, articles related to this topic in the field of traditional Persian medicine or historical articles have been searched for in Google Scholar search engine or PubMed database., Results: Avicenna categorizes the causes of epilepsy into two main groups: those caused by brain diseases and those associated with the diseases of other organs. He believed that the stomach, the spleen, the maraqq, the uterus, or other body organs influence the brain and can cause epilepsy. In uterine epilepsy, the primary pathology lies with the uterus and can affect the brain. This condition occurs due to the retention of the menses or semen., Conclusion: In this historical article, we intend to explain Avicenna's viewpoint on uterine epilepsy. We suggest further studies on this topic, for example, to evaluate the frequency of epilepsy in patients with the retention of the menses or the semen.

There are studies that show that the concepts of epilepsy have been rooted in Persian medicine; Avicenna "Ibn-e-Sina"-one of the great Persian physicians in the Islamic golden age (9th-12th century AD)-has considered some types of epilepsy with the association of the stomach, the spleen, the "Maraqq," and the whole body which has not been reviewed properly. These organs influence on the brain and can cause epilepsy. This article presents concept of Maraqq-related epilepsy; according to Avicenna's view, "Maraqq" is a membranous structure which is located in the abdomen (equivalent of parietal peritoneum in current nomenclature). We discuss his viewpoint about the diagnosis and treatment of Maraqq-related epilepsy with focus on herbal remedies. The concept of a relationship between the "Maraqq" and the brain is well discussed in the old Persian medicine texts; however, it seems that further studies in this area are required to clarify Avicenna's view about the pathophysiological mechanisms, clinical manifestations, and treatment strategies.