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This article presents the results of the development of a mobile recommendation application to help library readers select references. One of the tasks of a librarian is to provide consultative assistance to the reader in selecting books. Working with a librarian can be replaced by the use of electronic library systems or special programs, which will allow you to solve the same task in less time. At the moment, there are websites and digital libraries that help the user to select books for further reading. They implement various algorithms that allow you to create personalized recommendations. Such systems are designed for electronic reading and are not linked to the databases of municipal library systems. Library readers can obtain recommendations when they choose literature for further reading using a mobile application. The paper considers the process of its creation: analysis of program requirements, design, implementation, testing and implementation. The application is developed for the Android operating system in the integrated development environment Android Studio in the Java programming language. The calculation of the technical and economic indicators of the project in its implementation has shown that the use of the application will provide sufficient economic effect. Its use can simplify the process of selecting books and significantly reduce the time to search for them, thus giving the librarian the opportunity to perform other tasks. The program does not require material costs for installation, which is an obvious advantage, and the functionality and system requirements allow its use on all mobile devices with the Android operating system.

Domestic tourism in our country is becoming an important tool for the development of regional economy. It covers all spheres of society, including culture, economy and social life. To stimulate domestic tourism by regions, it is necessary to update existing routes and create new ones. To develop new tourist routes, one of the effective approaches is the use of augmented reality technology. It allows to create interactive tourist routes that enrich the tourist experience of visitors to cities. The use of augmented reality technology allows to significantly diversify the leisure time of a tourist when visiting various cultural sites.

Clustering of k-means uses different variants of the algorithm of the same name to identify clusters. This paper deals with the performance study of the clustering algorithm using Euclidean distance metric and Mahalanobis metric. The choice of k-values as the initial estimate of the mean is considered in the second and fifth iterations. The BIRCH-3 and Mopsi-Finland datasets [1] are chosen as input data to investigate the performance of the metrics. The study shows the high efficiency of the k-means clustering algorithm using the Euclid metric depending on the random selection of the initial k values in the initial iterations of the algorithm. The use of Mahalanobis metric is more effective with an increasing number of iterations.

The study of the α diversity of the stand and the herb layer of all major forest types of primary pine and spruce forests in the Middle Urals was conducted. Four indices (Shannon's Diversity Index, Pielou's Evenness Index, Simpson's Diversity Index, Zhivotovsky's Diversity Index) were used to quantify α diversity. The indices were calculated based on the basal area (for the stand) and absolutely dry biomass (for the herb layer). It was shown that each forest type studied has its own characteristics of α diversity, while the relationship between the stand and the herb layer according to the dynamics of the calculated indices when changing habitats was not revealed.

The effect of light and root competition of the tree stand on the growth of the Pinus sibirica Du Tour undergrowth in post-fire birch forests of different ages is investigated using the example of mid-taiga forests of the Middle Urals. The studies were carried out on the basis of a microecosystem approach, using indices of light competition of the tree stand (Ilsc), root competition of the tree stand (Irsc) and integral competition of the tree stand (Irlsc). At the stage of the 13-year-old young birch stand with almost full illumination, the main factor determining the growth and development of Pinus sibirica undergrowth is root competition for soil nutrition. In the 32-year-old middle-aged birch stand, a joint, almost identical, effect of the factors of light and root competition on the growth of Pinus sibirica undergrowth is observed. In the mature 70-yearold birch stand, the main factor, influencing the growth of Pinus sibirica undergrowth, is the level of interception of photosynthetically active radiation by its canopy (light competition) with root competition is not expressed. In our opinion, this is due to the adaptive abilities and characteristics of the soil nutrition of the Pinus sibirica undergrowth and a change in the degree of soil saturation with organic compounds during the development of the post-fire birch forest.

The relevance of this work lies in the fact that for the country to be successful in sustainable development it is necessary to create quality documentation to ensure a balanced solution of social and economic problems, preservation of environmental potential and in general the state of the environment to further meet the needs of people. Today the issues of spatial planning are very topical, as over the past few decades a huge number of amendments and changes have been made to the land and urban planning legislation. At the moment, the processes of approval, development and approval of various spatial planning documents are undergoing changes in order to improve them. With regard to the territorial planning project, it is becoming necessary at the stage of drafting and obtaining a permit for further construction of any object. In cadastral activities, the above document is the basis for the state cadastral registration. The information provided in the territory planning project may not contradict the requirements of the documents of a higher level of influence. The main purpose of the territory planning project is to find the best options for the use of the territory of the settlement, which contributes to improving the living conditions of people living in such areas. The drafting of territory planning and land surveying may be carried out not only for land plots and construction projects, but also for linear objects.

The largest part of the population of the Russian Federation (RF) is concentrated in settlements. The lands of settlements play an important role in the life of society, fulfilling the function of territorial and spatial basis. Occupying a relatively small area compared to the entire territory, these lands are the place of residence of the majority of the population. The lands occupied by settlements are intended for the location of cities, towns, rural settlements, and real estate objects that ensure the vital activity of the population. Land legislation singles out these lands as a separate category of lands. The spatial and land resources basis of urban and rural settlements consists of territories within the established borders (boundaries) of urban and rural settlements, as well as everything that is above and below the surface of these territories (Article 38 of the Town Planning Code). It should be noted that the inclusion of land plots within the boundaries of settlements does not entail the termination of the right of ownership, land tenure, land use and lease rights to these plots. However, in this case land tax rates are changed. Inclusion of land plots in the boundaries of settlements does not entail termination of the rights of owners of land plots, land users, landowners, and lessees of land plots. In modern conditions, the development of territories of settlements is an important area contributing to sustainable economic development in Russia.

Together with the development of professional disciplines in higher education, one of the most important trends is the introduction of research into the teaching and learning process. It allows students to develop their ability to work more deeply and comprehensively with scientific and methodological aids as well as with the legal and regulatory framework being the most essential and relevant to land surveying and cadastral relations. The application of different methodologies to scientific cognition helps to enhance students' research skills and prepare them for possible use in production processes in the future. An artificial land plot being the subject of this study shall be recognized as a land plot after putting into operation, but, based on its definition, continue to have the status of a structure. This fact predetermines its dualistic nature. As a consequence, effective regulation of the legal regime of artificial land plots is impossible without the cumulative impact of legislative norms reflecting the specifics of the relevant sphere of social relations. It is from this that the relevance and timeliness of the study follows.

The processes of natural reforestation play a crucial role for the preservation of primary coniferous forests and the success of their restoration after catastrophic impacts. The objective of our research was to identify the features of the natural renewal of the main coniferous forest-forming plants under the canopy of stands in the mountains of the Middle Urals, to establish dependencies on the forest type not only the total number of tree saplings, but also its age structure. The research was carried out in the mountainous part of the Sverdlovsk region (Russia) on the eastern macroslope of the Ural Mountains. We studied old-age pine forests, which belong to the 4 most common forest types. The tree saplings were counted into account on 2-4 subplots with a length of 20 meters and a width of 2 meters. It is established that under the canopy of all types of forest there is a different age coniferous saplings, despite significant differences in habitats. The most abundant pine saplings are found in pine forests with Vaccinium vitis-idaea, and the most abundant spruce saplings is found in pine forest with spruce and moss cover.

The adaptive capacity of ecosystems is a key to maintaining ecosystem functions and preserving biodiversity at all levels. The research was carried out in the western Southern Ural low-hill terrains (Russia). We analyzed distributions of above-ground biomass of herb layer species in the primary spruce, long-term secondary birch 20-35-year forests, stable-term secondary 20-year aspen forests. Species abundance distributions (SAD) analysis allowed us to study the species diversity and the species structure of communities, to understand the mechanism of adaptation of the plant community to disturbance and the role of species biodiversity in this process. It became clear that only with sufficient species diversity can SAD be maintained stable, and the adaptive potential and resistance of plant communities to external influences can be preserved. In General, the SAD analysis can be considered useful and informative for studying the adaptation of plant communities. In addition, it is universal and can be applied to any terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. SAD can also help in designing artificial plant communities with increased resilience and high ecosystem functions.

The use of commercial land, land parcels or land in general refers to an objectively complex process being one of the main components of land relations revealing their content. The principle of rational land use acquires its objective character on a basis of clear interaction between technical, technological, natural-biological, socio-economic and environmental components that ensure effectiveness of law of continuous recovery of soil fertility and productivity of agricultural lands. Land use is a process providing implementation of these properties which manifests itself as growth of production.

The key role in the energy supply efficiency of smart cities is played by the electric power industry. The article provides an overview of the challenges of the electricity market in Europe and Russia and its main trends and directions. Changes in the organizational structure of the market, the role and tasks of each body managing the selected area of activity in the energy market are determined. Particular attention is paid to new opportunities provided to end-users of electricity in the smart cities. The article deals with the use of renewable sources and energy storages in accordance with new strategic programs in the EU and Russia. The research results and forecasts for the development of the electricity market and the use of different primary energy sources are shown. The main areas of development of the electricity market in the European Union and Russia are identified.The conclusion is drawn on the need to develop information systems that meet market changes and the business functions of such systems are determined.

The article studies geological and engineering conditions of the mineral deposits located in cryolithic zone. The demand to study and analyze geological and engineering conditions is justified by safety requirements established to development of the deposits. The article is focused on pebble-phosphate deposit located in Polar Urals. The geological and engineering conditions of this site fall within very severe category, which is connected with endogenetic and exogenic processes of its accumulation. It is the genesis of the deposit that generated the factors that complicate drilling-in conditions, included but not limited to weathering crusts with significant depths and discontinuity, frozen rock mass and its cavernous porosity.

The concept of a smart city is aimed at developing technologies and infrastructure based on the use of new technologies, large data centers, smart sensors and automated power grids. As technological advances in control systems increase the efficiency of sensors, users are calling for advances in sensor accuracy, reliability, dynamic characteristics (response time, dynamic linearity etc.), robustness, miniaturization and communication capability. The sensor industry is expected to experience sound growth during the five-year forecast period. It is possible satisfy the growing demand, in particular, by using automated systems of conceptual design of sensors, which can reduce the design time several times. Physical principles of operation of the sensors involved in information measuring and control systems of buildings are quite diverse. In this article, it is proposed to use a modified energy-information method for the conceptual design of sensors, invariant to the physical principle of operation. The possibility of using the operator method for the calculation and study of the dynamic characteristics of the designed elements of control systems of different physical nature is shown. The architecture of the expert system of evaluation of dynamic characteristics of sensitive elements of information-measuring devices of smart home is developed.