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Climate change has the potential to exacerbate eutrophication and the risk of harmful algal blooms in lakes. Periodic adjustment of nutrient criteria, as the cornerstone of eutrophication control and water quality management, is expected to help mitigate the impact of climate change on harmful cyanobacterial blooms. The nutrient criteria that do not threaten the function of the water body determined with generalized additive models (GAMs) were 0.88 mg/L for total nitrogen (TN) and 0.021 mg/L for total phosphorus (TP) during the period of 1996–2005 based on 26 lakes and reservoirs in China. Climate change-induced temperature increases will substantially reduce the required nutrient criteria by 46.17% for TN and 15.24% for TP in lakes and reservoirs by the end of the century under the “business-as-usual” scenario. The results indicate that some lakes that currently meet the nutrient criteria could become dominated by cyanobacteria and experience blooms in a warmer future, even without increases in nutrient inputs. Therefore, as climate change persists, nutrient loads should be further reduced to achieve the desired water quality without the threat of eutrophication. Strict control of TP would be particularly advantageous to suppress algal blooms. It is imperative that water quality management strategies account for the impact of projected future climate changes on nutrient criteria and that nutrient criteria are periodically modified. The corresponding nutrient risk thresholds should be determined to ensure that lakes and reservoirs escape the threat of harmful algal blooms under the impact of extreme weather events.

This article combines the moral resources and political capital perspective with the theoretical arguments of guanxi and resource dependence theory to explore the strengths and weaknesses of both the Chinese government-organized and the grassroots environmental protection organizations (ENPOs). Qualitative methods were applied in this study, and the impact of these two entities on environmental protection was also analyzed. The findings mainly include: First, the ascribed political capital can ensure good guanxi with governmental departments, and thus improve an NPO’s opportunities to receive resources. Second, although the ascribed political capital enables government-organized ENPOs to run smoothly, their transparency and management need to be improved. Third, though grassroots ENPOs have little of political capital, they possess advantages in terms of the self-chosen moral resource, which can help them become relatively independent from the government and assume responsibility for monitoring the environment. The article concludes with a discussion of implications for policy highlighted by the findings.

This article elaborate introduce iris pseudoacorus biology habit, cultivation technology, and its application in environmental protection. Beyond that it provides theoretical basis and technical support in the application of environmental protection in the plant as well as its facilities operation. Meanwhile, this article also gives some examples in the field of environmental protection.

Since early 2008, an increasing number of countries have ratified an international treaty to ban the application of antifouling (AF) coatings based on organotin compounds (eg tributyltin (TBT) and triphenyltin). As a result, the demand for environmentally friendly, non-toxic or low-toxicity AF compounds and technologies (green AF agents) has become an urgent reality. Marine coatings based on Cu2O and various other biocides have a negative impact on the environment and they must eventually be replaced by new, effective, and environmentally friendly AF compounds. This mini-review describes important AF compounds discovered from a variety of organisms from 2004 until mid 2009, and discusses recent and general trends in the discovery of AF compounds. Finally, a perspective on the future of AF compound development is presented. The discussion is aimed at updating scientists and engineers on the current challenges facing AF research.