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Environmental catalysis has drawn a great deal of attention due to its clean ways to produce useful chemicals or carry out some chemical processes. Photocatalysis and electrocatalysis play important roles in these fields. They can decompose and remove organic pollutants from the aqueous environment, and prepare some fine chemicals. Moreover, they also can carry out some important reactions, such as O2 reduction reaction (ORR), O2 evolution reaction (OER), H2 evolution reaction (HER), CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR), and N2 fixation (NRR). For catalytic reactions, it is the key to develop high-performance catalysts to meet the demand for targeted reactions. In recent years, two-dimensional (2D) materials have attracted great interest in environmental catalysis due to their unique layered structures, which offer us to make use of their electronic and structural characteristics. Great progress has been made so far, including graphene, black phosphorus, oxides, layered double hydroxides (LDHs), chalcogenides, bismuth-based layered compounds, MXenes, metal organic frameworks (MOFs), covalent organic frameworks (COFs), and others. This content drives us to invite many famous groups in these fields to write the roadmap on two-dimensional nanomaterials for environmental catalysis. We hope that this roadmap can give the useful guidance to researchers in future researches, and provide the research directions.

The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) play an important role in the air electrode reactions of rechargeable Zn–air batteries. However, noble metal-based catalysts for the ORR and OER always suffer from high cost and poor stability. Carbon-based materials with many advantages such as low cost, good conductivity, a large specific surface area and considerable durability are considered as promising alternatives to noble metal-based catalysts. In particular, the doping of heteroatoms into carbon has been proven to be an effective method to improve catalytic performance. Herein, we synthesized N, F, P ternary doped macro-porous carbon fibers (NFPC) as a bifunctional catalyst for primary and rechargeable Zn–air batteries for the first time via an electrospinning method with subsequent thermal annealing. The uniform distribution of heteroatoms in the macroporous carbon fibers induced a greatly improved catalytic efficiency towards the ORR and OER, showing exceptional properties in Zn–air systems.

Advances in embedded computing systems have resulted in the emergence of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), which provide unique opportunities for sensing physical environment of our daily lives. ZigBee-compliant WSN platforms have been proposed for Healthcare monitoring, smart home, industrial monitoring and sensor, and other applications. In this paper, we using TI CC2430 and CC2431 chipsets with Z-Stack designed an outdoor patients' healthcare monitoring system, for tracking patients, and helping doctors and nurses to keep tabs on their patients' health remotely. Furthermore, several important techniques are elaborated, including reliable communication, localization algorithm and backup power, which can enhance the system performance. Finally, presented some suggestions for future development are presented by us.

The remarkable characteristic of lighting system based on Digital Addressable Lighting Interface is panorama supervised which results from feedback control. This paper proposes the three-state feedback mechanism and the relative system consists of master units, slave units and a graphical user interface (GUI) for inputting parameters and supervising the detail of system. Slave units include standard slave units and feedback slave units which have AT90PWM2 controller. Built upon this system, the three-state feedback mechanism takes the feedback comprising the states of controller unit, implementation unit and controlled object unit according to the requirement of lighting protocol. Experimental results will be provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed system.

The extended use of DMX512 protocol has been applied in many areas such as stage and theatre. While it has two inherent flaws in landscape lighting control: the quantitative limitation of control slots and slow bandwidth utilization ratio. This paper proposed the evolution of a management and control system for landscape lighting. By using the upper Internet management network, several lower DMX512 control networks can be connected to one computer to avoid the former flaw; based on the theory of scenes, the developed addressing way of logic group address enables the scene implemented with one packet of just two data slots. Not only can run with the Internet management network, the lower DMX512 control network can also work independently, actually it is compatible with the present standard DMX512 product.

The parameters setting of evaporation rate and initial pheromone value of ant colony optimization are studied in this paper. Theorem 1 shows that the pheromone increment is a value between g(smax) and g(smin), which provides theoretical basis for the setting of the low pheromone bound tau min. The estimation formula of evaporation rate p is given. The results are useful to understanding this algorithm and using it to solve combinatorial optimization problems. Results of simulation experiments testify the effectiveness of the conclusions.

The design scheme and related implement of a DALI (digital addressable lighting interface) lighting system which is more practical and efficient are described. With a view to the shortcoming of current application of DALI solutions, this paper discusses the design procedure which realizes the DALI communication based on ATMEGA8L and sets the lamps addresses from user setting in the slave unit itself, and takes advantages of the three-state mechanism of system, which consists of controller unit state, implementation state and target object state. Finally, three different sensor network solutions based on DALI system are proposed and compared in this paper.

Fingerprint repair is the post-processing stage of fingerprint recognition process, in which false characteristics left in the thinned pictures will be eliminated. A new fingerprint repair algorithm is proposed in this paper. In order to clear off false characteristics and repair the thinned image, a technology called ridge tracking is used to find out all the ridges on the image and then deal with them. Not only the lengths of the ridges but also their initial points and terminations are adopted to clear off false characteristics such as eyelet, short ridge, bridge, burr, ridge break and so on. The algorithm is realized through C++ programme design, mainly using the standard template library of it. The simulation results at the end have shown almost all false characteristics in the experiments are eliminated, which indicates the proposed algorithm is very effective.

On the basis of introducing the characteristics and the overall structure of home network technology, a household appliances control SoC (system on-a-chip) chip, HN600, is proposed according to the EIA600 protocol, which adopts 0.25mum process. The structure design of HN600 chip is presented first. Then from the interface module, program flow, receiving module and sending module, the IP data link layer of HN600 chip is discussed in detail. Limited state machines are employed to make the design work more clearly and easily. Before making wafer flow films, a FPGA simulation test is made to verify our design. Finally, a sample demo platform has been made to demonstrate the performance of our proposed chip and the experiment results show that the chip matches the standard of EIA600.

The DALI-protocol is a new standard for communication with electronic control gears in the lighting industry. Besides the background information and advantage, its electronic specification and communication specification are expounded. Then a design of Master-Slave module of DALI is presented in the paper, which realizes the DALI communication based on MC68HC908. The receiving and transmitting circuits in the module and the software frame are described with emphasis, which are designed according to the specification of DALI system and improved in some aspects. The module can also be applied in lighting control for conserving energy and more diversity and it will be more applicable with some special modifications for the popularity of DALI in the field of illumination.

This paper introduced the improvement and trend of home network. After studying the CEBus standard and technology methods of embedded system's Internet accessing, an embedded gateway based on ARM for the home network was designed. In the design, using SoC chip designed for this project to connect CEBus and the home appliances at home helps users control them easily and remotely through the Internet.

A novel algorithm based on the hybrid of ant colony algorithm and BP algorithm (ACA-BP) is presented in this paper. It adopts ACA to search the optimal combination of weights in the solution space, and then uses BP to obtain the accurate optimal solutions. The proposed method can obtain better generalization ability. Compared with BP neural network, the ACA-BP neural network can achieve better performance in predicting the coal ash fusion temperature.

This paper solved the problem of how to connect DALI (digital addressable lighting interface) with Internet. A design of embedded DALI dimming controller which based on muC -Linux embedded operation system is presented, the hardware construction using ARM7 MCU and the software conversion between thin TCP/IP and DALI protocol are mainly expounded. The DALI receiving/transmitting circuits and the information frame are also introduced. The signals demonstrate that the DALI controller is designed according to the specification of DALI and improved in some aspects. This controller can be applied in an intelligent remote illumination control system, with the advantage of energy conserving and Internet visiting.

European installation bus (EIB) is essentially similar to field bus. The communication model used in the system based on EIB protocol is based on the ISO/OSI reference model. The usage of CSMA/CA access mechanism greatly improved the credibility and utilization rate of the bus communication. EIB became dominated in home automation area in Europe because of its excellent performance. In this paper a switch module was developed based on MC68HC05 chip, which successfully communicated with EIB bus. Switch module is significant in scene control. The switch module was tested and communication telegrams were monitored. It made good preparation for further research and development.

Evaluation and optimization method on the operating cost and its saving in Internal Thermally Coupled Distillation Column (ITCDIC) processes for separating non-ideal mixtures is presented. A novel mathematical optimization model with rigorous tray by tray material and energy balances is derived. The optimization and the related process analysis are further carried out. The results reveal that the ITCDIC process of non-ideal mixture possesses an enormous potential of operating cost saving.

Firstly the increasing domestic demand and the developing situation of dejectas collecting device were analyzed briefly. A new design of the vacuum type dejectas collecting device was contrived. Then its structural characteristics, operation mode and testing were introduced.

With the rapid development of computer, communication, network and economics, home automation (HA) is stepping into our daily life. European Installation Bus (EIB) is an important standard in HA area. The first section describes the framework and the second section illuminates how EIB works. The following section provides an overview of EIB-IDE, the EIB-integrated development environment, which is the most effective tool to develop EIB application module. Finally the development process is demonstrated by an example of a simple application for one of the possible target devices.