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Many of the numerous difficult issues facing the world today involve relationships entailing trade-offs and synergies. This study quantitatively assesses some alternative scenarios using integrated assessment models, and provides several indicators relating to sustainable development and climate change, such as indicators of income (per capita GDP), poverty, water stress, food access, sustainable energy use, energy security, and ocean acidification, with high consistencies among the indicators within a scenario. According to the analyses, economic growth helps improve many of the indicators for sustainable development. On the other hand, climate change will induce some severe impacts such as ocean acidification under a non-climate intervention scenario (baseline scenario). Deep emission reductions, such as to 2° C above the pre-industrial level, could cause some sustainable development indicators to worsen. There are complex trade-offs between climate change mitigation levels and several sustainable development indicators. A delicately balanced approach to economic growth will be necessary for sustainable development and responses to climate change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: In a long-term perspective, deep emissions cuts are essential for a stabilization of atmospheric GHGs. We analyze a role of CCS in a global energy systems model, which we call DNE21+. The DNE21+ is a technology-rich optimization model that minimizes energy systems costs under some constraints, e.g., global emissions path, electricity demand, and steel production. The model also has a high regional resolution and the trajectory of technological changes shall be a practical one because the vintages and lifetimes of the facilities are taken into account inside the model. Three cases are studied; i) reference, ii) 550 ppmv CO2-only stabilization and iii) 50% reductions by 2050 (50/50) cases. The results indicate that a moderate diffusion of CCS in power sector and more efficient blast furnace - basic oxygen furnace (BF-BOF) technologies are cost-effective options in the 550 ppmv case. In contrast the results in the 50/50 case are radical solutions. Almost fossil-fuel and bio-fuel power plants have CCS facilities in 2050. BF-BOFs are replaced with most efficient BF-BOFs with CCS and H2-based DRI-EAFs. Discussion for global emission target/vision should explicitly consider these aspects of radical technology diffusion. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]