1. Evolution and function of the epithelial cell-specific ER stress sensor IRE1β.
- Author
-
Cloots E, Simpson MS, De Nolf C, Lencer WI, Janssens S, and Grey MJ
- Subjects
- Animals, Biological Evolution, Biomarkers, Enzyme Activation, Gene Expression Regulation, Homeostasis, Humans, Mucous Membrane physiology, Mucus metabolism, Phylogeny, Signal Transduction, Unfolded Protein Response, Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, Endoribonucleases genetics, Endoribonucleases metabolism, Epithelial Cells metabolism, Epithelium physiology, Membrane Proteins genetics, Membrane Proteins metabolism, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases genetics, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases metabolism
- Abstract
Barrier epithelial cells lining the mucosal surfaces of the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts interface directly with the environment. As such, these tissues are continuously challenged to maintain a healthy equilibrium between immunity and tolerance against environmental toxins, food components, and microbes. An extracellular mucus barrier, produced and secreted by the underlying epithelium plays a central role in this host defense response. Several dedicated molecules with a unique tissue-specific expression in mucosal epithelia govern mucosal homeostasis. Here, we review the biology of Inositol-requiring enzyme 1β (IRE1β), an ER-resident endonuclease and paralogue of the most evolutionarily conserved ER stress sensor IRE1α. IRE1β arose through gene duplication in early vertebrates and adopted functions unique from IRE1α which appear to underlie the basic development and physiology of mucosal tissues., (© 2021. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF