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Abdominal wall endometriosis, the commonest type of extra-pelvic endometriosis, may rarely develop spontaneously in the absence of prior surgical scar. We aim to report 3 cases with this unique characteristic, two of them with a diagnosis of unusual development of umbilical endometriosis and one with inguinal endometriosis, from the perspective of a general surgeon. Because of the potential pitfalls in its diagnosis, endometriosis should be emphasized in the differential diagnosis of abdominal wall masses.

Objective: To describe the presentation and outcome of a patient with an unusual association of VATER/VACTERL syndrome (vertebra/anus/cardiac/trachea/esophogus/radius/renal/limb) and noncommunicating functioning uterine horn and a unicornuate uterus. Design: Descriptive case report. Setting: A foundation trust in the United Kingdom. Materials and Method(s): A patient known to have VATER/VACTERL syndrome was diagnosed with a hematometra of a noncommunicating uterine horn and hematosalpinx. She underwent multidisciplinary surgery to remove the functioning uterine horn, after which she had a full recovery. Conclusion(s): This case documents the association of VATER/VACTERL syndrome with a unicornuate uterus and noncommunicating horn. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]