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Due to the attitude-behavior gap in green consumption, it is necessary to conduct more research on consumers' actual purchase behavior. At present, few studies have been conducted on the impact of empathy with nature on green purchase behavior. This research explored the underlying neural mechanism of empathy with nature on consumers' green purchase decisions by applying the event-related potentials (ERPs) approach. Behaviorally, compared with the control group, the experimental group had a higher purchase rate of green products and spent less time when buying green products. For the experimental group, buying green products required less time than buying traditional products. At the neural level, when buying green products, the N2 and N400 amplitudes of the experimental group were smaller than those of the control group. For the experimental group, buying green products elicited a smaller N2 amplitude than buying traditional products. These findings suggested that empathy with nature could reduce consumers' decision conflict when buying green products, thereby promoting consumers' green purchase behavior., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)