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Granite rocks are currently one of the foremost raw materials that can be used for various economic purposes such as ornamentation and building materials, because they do not possess radioactive concentrations and have good physical and mechanical properties. The granite rocks of north Um Taghir are connected to neoproterozoic rocks and integrated to the north Arabian-Nubian Shield (ANS), which lies in Northeast Africa. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and X-ray fluorescence analysis, concurrent to some statistical analysis, have been carried for major oxides and some trace elements to extract much fundamental information by following certain mathematical methods. The exposed granite rock units in north Um Taghir are classified into four rock units represented by tonalite, granodiorite, monzogranite, and alkali-feldspar granite which are cut by different types of dikes. The magma of tonalite and granodiorite is low-to-medium K calc-alkaline affinity, while the magma of monzogranite and alkali-feldspar granite is medium-to-high K calc-alkaline affinity, and of metaluminous to peraluminous nature. Granite rocks show a slightly depletion of fractionated patterns from light rare earth elements (LREEs) to heavy rare earth elements (HREEs) with slightly positive to negative Eu anomalies from tonalite to monzogranite and alkali-feldspar granites. The statistical criteria have been achieved to explore the significant differences of radiological hazard parameters among samples. It is obvious that there is no homogeneity among samples; furthermore, in Kruskal–Wallis test, Mann–Whitney test, and Pearson correlation coefficient, it can be noticed that there are significant differences between each pair of samples: tonalite, monzogranite; tonalite, alkali-feldspar granite; granodiorite, monzogranite; and granodiorite, alkali-feldspar granite. There is a strong direct relationship among granodiorite and both tonalite and alkali-feldspar granite, and among alkali-feldspar granite and tonalite and granodiorite. There is a strong inverse relationship among monzogranite and tonalite, granodiorite, and alkali-feldspar granite. As stated by all results, it can be mentioned that the granite rocks have a worthy result of mechanical and physical properties. So that they can be used for various economic purposes.

Aim: Approximately half of the population in Egypt is under the age of 25. Globally, mental illness represents the highest burden of disease in this age group. Yet in Egypt, there is still no youth‐specific mental health system in place and the vast majority of young people do not have access to any professional mental health support. The objective of this study was to describe the mental health needs of Egyptian youth and the resources they use when seeking help. Methods: An online cross‐sectional survey was distributed among medical students at Tanta University in Egypt. Of the 707 individuals who completed the survey (90.9% response rate), 60.5% were female, 62.0% lived in urban and suburban areas, and the mean age of the sample was 20.5 (±1.8) years old. Results: More than half (54%) of the students reported that they had been affected by mental health problems at some point in their lives. Anxiety and depression were the most common problems. Regarding help‐seeking behaviours, participants mainly searched the web or spoke to peers and relatives; few reported approaching medical professionals. The majority of participants (59.7%) reported being disappointed with the current mental health care system in Egypt. Conclusions: There is a high prevalence of mental challenges among Egyptian youth and the health care system is not adequately prepared to respond to their needs. E‐Mental Health and online interventions seem to be a promising solution that could increase access to mental health services for Egyptian youth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mapping an area accurately with semi-variable lithological units of basement rocks is challenging. Although free-of-charge remote sensing data have boosted the lithological mapping studies, the accuracy and validation of the results are still questionable. This work aims to combine remote sensing techniques and petrographical studies with field investigation in order to discriminate the basement rocks at a part of the Arabian Nubian Shield (ANS) near Al-Baroud area, North Eastern Desert of Egypt. The lithological units in the study area were successfully discriminated based on their spectral characteristics. Several processing techniques on Landsat-8 images were applied, such as MNF (3, 2, and 1), FCC (7, 6, and 5), and (7, 5, and 1), and PCA (PC1, PC2, and PC3) and (PC2, PC1, and PC4), in addition to three composite band ratios (6/7, 5/6, and 4/2), (5/7, 6/4x7, and 5/1), and (7/5x3, 6/4x7, and 5/3x4), with the aid of supervised and unsupervised classifications. The results reveal that the rock units in the study area belong to the Late Cryogenian-Ediacaran magmatism of East African Orogeny (EAO). The core idea of this work is to combine several remote sensing techniques with petrographical study and field investigation to provide an innovative and integrated methodology to discriminate the ANS basement rocks, which can be applied elsewhere in similar territories. • The present paper aims to use Remote sensing-based lithological mapping and petrographical analyses of north Qena-Safaga road. • Utilized Landsat 8 data have substantially improved the lithological mapping of the study area. • Integration of remote sensing data and petrographical studies is very successful to present geological maps. • The results show that our new geological map reveal a clear difference comparing to the existing published geologic maps. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]