Search

The aim of this communication is to highlight synergies and opportunities between the fields of education, sport and health and the performing arts for the promotion of physical literacy. First, physical literacy is introduced and then defined according to the definition used in this communication. Secondly, we highlight the gap in physical literacy interventions, in that they do not address learning based on a holistic comprehensive definition of physical literacy. Then we provide examples of interventions that do borrow from the arts, such as circus arts, and show how these approaches explicitly link to the discipline of arts. This is followed by program examples, which approach motor and language development from discipline-specific perspectives. Then we introduce actor training (within the discipline of arts) in terms of how this approach may be useful to our understanding of physical literacy and how to expand the conception of physical literacy to include affective meaning making, and tolerance for ambiguity and discomfort in not-knowing. Finally, we conclude with the next step for the bridging of disciplines in order to further our journey to understand and improve physical literacy.

Sport does not automatically generate educational benefits for players. For a sports field to become a child-friendly educational environment, it is essential that all actors involved in the organization of youth sport take deliberate educational measures. Among these actors are referees, who should be taken into account during the research on the educational value of sport for the youngest. The subject of the present study was handball referees, who interact with the players during matches. Assuming that the referee is an important actor in sport education and that referee-players interactions are the basic mechanism of the referee's educational influence, this study aimed to assess the quality of his or her interactions with players during handball matches for children aged 9 to 12 years. The research was conducted in a group of 25 handball referees who refereed matches of children in the region of Mazowieckie Voivodeship in Poland. The referees surveyed had current licenses issued by the Warsaw-Mazovian Handball Association. To assess the quality of referee-players interactions, the authors' direct observation tool (Referee-Players' Interaction Assessment Scoring System) was used. The educational referee-players interaction was studied in six dimensions: Positive climate, Responsiveness, Behavior management, Proficiency, Instructing, and Communicating. Data were statistically analyzed using chi-squared test, Mann-Whitney U test and exploratory factor analysis (EFA). Cronbach's alpha values were higher than 0.90 in the factors, showing adequate levels of reliability. The results of the research demonstrated that the assessment of the quality of the referee's educational influence on players was neither affected by the referees' experience nor by the outcome of the match. The quality of educational referee-players interactions in five of the six dimensions studied was assessed as average, whereas positive climate was assessed as poor (three-step scale: poor, average, good). If referees are to support coaches and parents in achieving their educational goals, the results indicate areas where they can improve. The research provided empirical evidence that could be used as a basis for the modification of previous training programs for referees developed by local and national sports associations. The referees should be trained to build a positive climate on the sport field, which consists in creating emotional ties with players (physical proximity, social conversation), expressed in an enthusiastic attitude and joy of contacts (smiling, engagement, positive affect reaction, positive comments, respectful and inclusive language, using players first names, listening to players). In addition, referees must be taught to actively monitor players' emotional, cognitive, social, and health needs, as well as to respond to the players' needs and solve problems.

Traditional youth baseball academies in the Dominican Republic, along with the potential of a major league baseball contract, are viewed by many parents as the best option to pull a child and family out of poverty. These academies advance the child's athletic abilities yet fail to provide formal education. Unfortunately, 97% of athletes leave the academy without a contract and are left with little education, job skills, or stable job prospects which ultimately returns them to the life of poverty they had hoped to escape through baseball. A faith-based organisation in Santiago, Dominican Republic, offers a high-level baseball academy inclusive of supportive academics. The purpose of this research project was to describe the perspectives of stakeholders involved with the faith-based missional organisation to discern the components and effectiveness of the efforts to support student growth in and beyond athletic abilities. Utilising a community-based research approach with a social determinants of health theoretical framework, researchers held in-country focus group discussions (Spring, 2019) with the organisation's stakeholders (coaches, parents, community leaders, N = 33). Researchers collaboratively coded data, triangulating within and across sources, to identify themes. Qualitative data suggest stakeholders within this organisation perceive the academy as instrumental in keeping kids off the streets, encouraging self-discipline in sports, church and school. The stakeholders perceived the inclusion of academic expectations into the sports academies improved long-term educational and economic success for the athletes. Inclusion of academic requirements within sports academies may improve long-term outcomes of youth in the Dominican Republic., (© 2019 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Introduction: Motor imagery (MI) is a very popular and well-accepted technique in different disciplines. Originating from sport and psychology, MI is now also used in the field of medicine and education. Several studies confirmed the benefits of MI to facilitate motor learning and skill acquisition. The findings indicated that individual's MI ability might influence the effectiveness of MI interventions. Over the last two centuries, researchers have developed several assessments to evaluate MI's abstract construct. However, no systematic reviews (SR) exist for MI ability evaluation methods and their measurement properties., Methods and Analysis: The SR will evaluate available MI ability assessments and their psychometric properties in four relevant disciplines: sports, psychology, medicine and education. This involves performing searches in SPORTDiscus, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web of Science and ERIC. Working independently, two reviewers will screen articles for selection. Then all raw information will be compiled in an overview table-including the articles' characteristics (eg, a study's setting or the population demographics) and the MI ability assessment (psychometric properties). To evaluate the articles' methodological quality, we will use the COSMIN checklist. Then we will evaluate all the included assessments' quality and perform a best-evidence synthesis. Results of this review will be reported following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines., Ethics and Dissemination: The SR is based on published data, and ethical approval is not required. This review will provide information on assessment performance and equipment, as well as its main focus and usefulness. Furthermore, we will present the methodological quality of all the included articles and assess the included instruments' quality. Ultimately, this will act as a valuable resource, providing an overview of MI ability assessments for individual clinical settings, treatment aims, and various populations. The SR's final report will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at relevant conferences., Prospero Registration Number: CRD42017077004., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2018. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)

We know that healthier mothers tend to have healthier infants, but we do not know how much of that relationship reflects the intergenerational transmission of genetic attributes versus environmental influences. From a policy perspective, it is crucial to understand which environmental influences are important and whether investments in one generation affect outcomes for the next. I use variation in the implementation of Title IX to measure the effects of increased athletic opportunities on the health of infants. Babies born to women with greater athletic opportunities as teenagers have babies that are healthier at birth. They are less likely to be born of low or very low birthweight and have higher Apgar scores. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., (Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.)

Increasing the numbers of black, latino and native youth in STEM careers is both an important way to reduce poverty in low income communities, and a contribution to the diversity of thought and experience that drives STEM research. But underrepresented youth are often alienated from STEM. Two new forms of social capital have been identified that can be combined to create a learning environment in which students and researchers can meet and explore an area of shared interest. Experimental capital refers to the intrinsic motivation that students can develop when they learn inquiry techniques for exploring topics that they feel ownership over. Credentialing capital denotes a shared interest and ability between all parties engaged in the experimental endeavor. These two forms of social capital form an adaptable framework for researchers to use to create effective outreach programs. In this case study sports biomechanics was utilized as the area of shared interest and understanding the slam dunk was used as experimental capital.

The present study aimed to investigate motivations for the dual career of European student-athletes living in countries providing different educational services for elite athletes: State-centric regulation-State as sponsor/facilitator (State), National Sporting Federations/Institutes as intermediary (Federation) and Laisser Faire, no formal structures (No Structure). Therefore, the European Student-athletes' Motivation towards Sports and Academics Questionnaire (SAMSAQ-EU) was administered to 524 European student-athletes. Exploratory Factor Analysis, and Confirmatory Factor Analysis were applied to test the factor structure, and the reliability and validity of the SAMSAQ-EU, respectively. A multivariate approach was applied to verify subgroup effects (P ≤ 0.05) according to gender (i.e., female and male), age (i.e., ≤ 24 years, > 24 years), type of sport (i.e., individual sport and team sport) and competition level (i.e., national and international). Insufficient confirmatory indexes were reported for the whole European student-athlete group, whereas distinct three factor models [i.e., Student Athletic Motivation (SAM); Academic Motivation (AM); Career Athletic Motivation (CAM)] emerged, with acceptable reliability estimates, for State (SAM = 0.82; AM = 0.75; and CAM = 0.75), Federation (SAM = 0.82; AM = 0.66; and CAM = 0.87) and No Structure (SAM = 0.78; AM = 0.74; and CAM = 0.79) subgroups. Differences between subgroups were found only for competition level (P < 0.001) in relation to SAM (P = 0.001) and CAM (P < 0.001). For SAM, the highest and lowest values emerged for Federation (national, 5.1 ± 0.5; international, 5.4 ± 0.5) and State (national, 4.5 ± 0.9; international, 4.8 ± 0.7). The opposite picture emerged for CAM (Federation: national, 3.3 ± 0.7; international, 3.5 ± 0.9; State: national, 5.0 ± 0.8; international, 5.0 ± 0.9). Therefore, despite SAMSAQ-EU demonstrated to be a useful tool, results showed that European student-athletes' motivation for dual career has to be specifically investigated according to social contexts.

Background: Sport participation has been associated with improved life prospects such as academic performance and employability prospects. As such, promoting sport participation might be a way to increase life prospects, especially for socially vulnerable youth because they are less physically active than their peers. However, the evidence for the causal effect of sport participation on these outcomes is still limited and little is known about factors that play a role in this possible effect. The aim of this study is four-fold. First, the causal effect of sport participation on life prospects is studied and the underlying mechanisms of this relation are explored. Secondly, the life experiences of the youngsters in the sport context, that may contribute to skill development, are studied. Thirdly, social conditions for a positive effect are explored, as sport is likely to have a positive effect under specific conditions. Fourthly, this study aims to provide insights on the elements of successful partnerships between youth care organisations and local sport clubs., Methods and Design: This protocol reports on a mixed method study. An intervention that aims to increase the sport participation of socially vulnerable youth, between 12-23 years old, is implemented in three regions of a Rotterdam youth care organisation. The youngsters in the two control regions receive care-as-usual. The main outcome variables, collected via questionnaires, are the life prospect, sense of coherence and self-regulation skills of the youngsters after 6 and 18 months of follow-up. The Motivational Climate Scale is administered to explore the social conditions for a positive effect and interviews are conducted with sport coaches to explore their role in skill development. Interviews with the youngsters are conducted to gain insight on the life experiences that may lead to skill development. The elements of successful partnerships are collected during interviews with youth care professionals, sport coaches and other stakeholders in the sport context., Discussion: The results of this study can support efforts of youth care organisations and local sport clubs to improve the life prospects of socially vulnerable youth through sport participation., Trial Registration: Trialregister.nl NTR4621 Date of Registration: 2 June 2014.

Boston's efforts to expand after-school programs and build their capacity to support the standards-based education reforms of the city's public schools are explored.

Sex differences in cycling experience and knowledge of the road code were examined in a sample of eight-hundred and fifteen nine-year-old children. The results showed that there were not significant sex differences for those who had ridden on the road or ridden to school in the week preceding the interview. However, males were more likely to have ridden at night. There were no significant sex differences in self reported unsafe acts or in knowledge of various dimensions of the road code. The results show a relatively high level of ignorance of the give-way rules for uncontrolled intersections and a disturbing number of children who reported they had ridden at night without tail or headlights.

The present work compares the efficiency of two training techniques as aids to learning selected aspects of a sequentially ordered action such as that of rowing. Subjects in one group were trained with a conventional learning technique (CLT) while those in a second group were trained by an augmented feedback technique referred to as external feedback (EFB). Progress was recorded on learning curves. Rowing athletes with limited experience and psychophysiology students were used for the study. The tasks consisted of learning movement timing (rhythmicity of action and coordination of body parts) and movement intensity (force and electromyogram development), in four separate experiments. The learning curves for EFB subjects were found to have significantly and consistently higher slopes than those for CLT subjects. Optimal criteria were reached by EBF subjects, after a continuous increase in performance levels and a concomitant decrease in standard deviations evaluated from periodicity, movement accuracy and force. Subjects, who after 8 to 10 sessions of CLT learning had not reached optimal level, were exposed to EFB. Their performances then showed a marked improvement and attained the required criterion in 2 to 4 sessions. This further demonstrates the efficacy of EFB as compared with CLT, as an aid to learning a complex sensorimotor action. The efficacy of EFB as a learning technique is discussed in relation to the internal model of the task to be executed and to sensory motor control and motor programmes.

This project is addressed to the effectiveness of video mediated instruction on the learning of the tennis service by novices. The research was carried out in an indoor tennis hall under normal training conditions. Three experimental groups were used: a video-model (VMT), a video-feedback (VFT) and a group with a combination of video modelling and video feedback (VMFT). Two control groups - based on different training periods-were also used: a traditional training group (TT1) which practised for a period of 45 min per training session and a second traditional training group (TT2) which practised for a period of only 30 min per training session. All subjects took part in five successive training sessions. No clear advantages of using video mediated instruction methods in teaching novices the tennis service could be demonstrated. Five sessions of 30 min practical training were shown to be as effective as five sessions of 45 min practical training in producing improvements in both form and achievement scores of novice tennis players. While, in the early stages, form and achievement scores were not shown to be significantly related, after five sessions a significant correlation (P less than 0.05) was shown.

Sports associations have a special relationship with natural landscapes. In the second half of the twentieth century, a number of organizations positioned themselves as defenders of the natural environment against the development of tourism and sports leisure facilities. They attempted to tackle the problem of over-equipment of natural areas. This research is based on a study of two outdoor institutions, the Centre Nautique des Glénans (CNG) and the Club Alpin Français (CAF). Despite their different pasts and proposed activities, both have been involved in landscape and environmental protection throughout their history. This can be seen in the way both associations integrate their facilities into the landscape, as well as in the work they do to raise their members' awareness of environmental preservation as part of their sporting activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PurposeMethodsResultsConclusionsThe purpose of this study was to extend on previous research finding by investigating adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and brain injury in children younger than 12 years old.A total of 58,601 US children under 12 years old were included in the 2020–2021 National Survey of Children’s Health, a self-reported national survey administered to caregivers.ACEs were significantly associated with increased risk for unconfirmed (χ2 (55891, 55904) = 141.84, p < 0.001, R2 = .03) and confirmed brain injury, χ2 (56481, 56494) = 508.28, p < 0.001, R2 = .05 when accounting for demographic characteristics. The association between ACEs and brain injury was not contingent on sports involvement; females not involved in sports had the strongest association between ACEs and brain injury (χ2 (10938, 10951) = 99.40, p < 0.001, R2 = .03) compared to sports-involved females and males. For children under 12 years old with brain injury, the relations between experiencing at least one ACE and health and educational outcomes were significant for all health and educational outcomes (p < 0.001).Caregiver education on and screening for brain injury in families experiencing ACEs would likely support more timely identification and management of co-occurring brain injury in this population. Further research is needed to identify prevention, assessment, and management strategies that would be specifically beneficial to children at risk for co-occurring brain injury and ACEs to improve health and educational outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present findings from the Our Voice in Barú project, examining adolescent engagement in citizen science to address environmental and social factors affecting well-being in a semi-rural Afro-descendant community in Latin America. The project aimed to identify barriers and enablers of well-being, informing adolescent-led actions for sustainable environmental changes relevant to adolescent health. Utilizing the Our Voice citizen science method, which involved technology-enabled walks, participatory cartography workshops and community meetings, we engaged adolescents and other community members. Complex systems framework was employed to analyze results and assess the promotion of collective action and local change. Local enablers of well-being included availability of quality sports and recreational venues as safe spaces, educational settings and cultural aspects, fostering safety, community pride, and personal growth. Conversely, barriers included environmental contamination, deteriorated sports venues and drug addiction, indicating the community's limited access to services and exposure to harmful substances. Adolescent citizen scientists, in partnership with the research team and relevant community decision-makers, successfully achieved changes aimed at identified barriers, including infrastructural enhancements like the repair of pumps to remove stagnant water, improvements in the quality and safety of recreational venues, and the implementation of community-led initiatives to address substance abuse and promote healthier behaviors. The Our Voice in Barú project empowered adolescents to advocate for change and promoted collective action to tackle barriers identified as significant to their well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. Ukraine’s support for sustainable development strategies and European integration processes requires the training of specialists engaged in sustainable development educational activities. Objectives. The study aimed to show the impact of the experimental methodological system on the forming the practical component of physical education for future physical education and sports specialists’ readiness for educational activities contributing to sustainable development. Materials and methods. The study involved 390 students from the faculties of physical education of the T. H. Shevchenko National University “Chernihiv Colehium”, the National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Sumy State University, and Sumy State Pedagogical University named after A. S. Makarenko, future specialists in physical culture and sports. The students were informed about the features of the study and voluntarily participated in the pedagogical experiment. The participants of the study are represented by both sexes of different courses, from which the control and experimental groups were formed. The research methods used include the study and analysis of scientific and scientific-methodical literature, pedagogical experiments, surveys, testing, analyses, synthesis and generalisation of information, as well as methods of mathematical statistics. Results. At the beginning of the study, 93.33 % of students in the control group and 94.44 % of students in the experimental group had a low level of the practical component of readiness for educational activities contributing to sustainable development. The final stage of the study revealed a significant improvement in the studied indicator within the experimental group: 43.33 % of students demonstrated a low level of the practical component of the studied readiness, 16.67 % had a satisfactory level, 31.11 % showed an average level, and 8.89 % had a high level. The corresponding changes were observed in all defined indicators: activities for sustainable development in physical education classes or sectional sports lessons; activities for sustainable development during extracurricular work of a physical education teacher or outside the sectional work of a sports coach with a population of different age groups; and activities for sustainable development in managerial positions. In the control group, at the end of the experiment, no significant changes were found in the the practical component levels of future physical education and sports specialists’ readiness to participate in educational activities for sustainable development. Conclusions. The findings of the pedagogical experiment confirmed the positive impact of the developed methodological system on the forming the practical component of future physical culture and sports specialists’ readiness to participate in educational activities for sustainable development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the social responsibility of the media in combating sports fanaticism and promoting sportsmanship, focusing on its role in shaping public awareness. Football, as a globally popular sport, attracts passionate fans, whose safety and security are crucial. The research highlights that sports fanaticism poses a threat to societal security. While media can play an essential role in addressing this issue, it can also contribute to spreading fanaticism. The study underscores the need for regulations on media coverage and emphasizes the importance of raising awareness about the media's role in promoting socialization and education.

Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara level intelligance quotient (IQ) dengan kemampuan lokomotor dan object control. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian non eksperimen dengan desain korelasi, sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 36 siswa siswa berjenis kelamin laki-laki, pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling dengan instrumen untuk mengampil data intellilgance quotient yaitu dengan Culture Fair Intelligence Test skala 2 (CFIT-2) dan untuk lokomotor dan object control menggunakan Test of Gross Motor Development-2 (TGMD-2). Data kemudian dianalisis menggunakan uji korelasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa data level IQ kategori average dengan lokomotor dan object control diperoleh data p < 0.05 yang artinya bahwa terdapat korelasi level IQ kategori average terhadap kemampuan lokomotor dan object control, sedangkan untuk level IQ kategori Low Average diperoleh bahwa p < 0.05 hanya pada kemampuan object control sedangkan lokomotor memiliki nilai p > 0.05 yang berarti bahwa level IQ Low Average tidak berkorelasi dengan kemampuan lokomotor namun berkorelasi terhadap kemampuan object control, hal yang sama diperoleh pada level IQ Border Line.

Background. Ukraine’s support for sustainable development strategies and European integration processes requires the training of specialists engaged in sustainable development educational activities. Objectives. The study aimed to show the impact of the experimental methodological system on the forming the practical component of physical education for future physical education and sports specialists’ readiness for educational activities contributing to sustainable development. Materials and methods. The study involved 390 students from the faculties of physical education of the T. H. Shevchenko National University “Chernihiv Colehium”, the National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Sumy State University, and Sumy State Pedagogical University named after A. S. Makarenko, future specialists in physical culture and sports. The students were informed about the features of the study and voluntarily participated in the pedagogical experiment. The participants of the study are represented by both sexes of different courses, from which the control and experimental groups were formed. The research methods used include the study and analysis of scientific and scientific-methodical literature, pedagogical experiments, surveys, testing, analyses, synthesis and generalisation of information, as well as methods of mathematical statistics. Results. At the beginning of the study, 93.33 % of students in the control group and 94.44 % of students in the experimental group had a low level of the practical component of readiness for educational activities contributing to sustainable development. The final stage of the study revealed a significant improvement in the studied indicator within the experimental group: 43.33 % of students demonstrated a low level of the practical component of the studied readiness, 16.67 % had a satisfactory level, 31.11 % showed an average level, and 8.89 % had a high level. The corresponding changes were observed in all defined indicators: activities for sustainable development in physical education classes or sectional sports lessons; activities for sustainable development during extracurricular work of a physical education teacher or outside the sectional work of a sports coach with a population of different age groups; and activities for sustainable development in managerial positions. In the control group, at the end of the experiment, no significant changes were found in the the practical component levels of future physical education and sports specialists’ readiness to participate in educational activities for sustainable development. Conclusions. The findings of the pedagogical experiment confirmed the positive impact of the developed methodological system on the forming the practical component of future physical culture and sports specialists’ readiness to participate in educational activities for sustainable development.

Motivasi belajar merupakan seluruh upaya penggerak psikis yang berasal dri dalam diri seseorang yang menimbulkan aktivitas belajar, dan memberikan jaminan untuk kelangsungan pembelajaran agar mencapai suatu tujuan. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui tingkat motivasi belajar peserta didik tingkat sekolah menengah atas pada Kurikulum Merdeka secara umum lebih detail pada aspek instrinsik dan ekstrinsik. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian non eksperimen yaitu menggunakan pendekatan deskripritif kuantitatif. Tempat penelitian yaitu 13 sekolah menengah atas negeri yang ada di wilayah cabang Dinas Pendidikan Kabupaten malang. Sampel yang digunakan yaitu setiap sekolah mengirimkan nama perwakilan sejumlah 35-40 peserta didik. Selanjutnya sampel dipilih menggunakan teknik pengambilan sampel secara acak (random Sampling) sehingga diperoleh sampel sebanyak 249 peserta didik. Sampel tidak ada kriteria khusus seperti jenis kelamin, usia dan berat badan. Instrumen pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan teknik pengisian angket online melalui Google Form. Angket penelitian berisi tentang pernyataan-pernyatan tentang motivasi belajar pada aspek instrinsik dan ekstrinsik berjumlah 30 butir peryataan dengan menggunakan skala likert 5 kategori yang memiliki nilai validitas 0,893 dan nilai reliabelitas 0,920. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian secara keseluruhan mengenai motivasi belajar peserta didik sekolah menengah atas mengikuti pembelajaran Pendidikan Jasmani, Olahraga, dan Kesehatan (PJOK) pada aspek motivasi instrinsik, ekstrinsik dan motivasi secara keseluruhan berada pada kategori baik maka dapat ditarik kesimpulan motivasi belajar yang dimiliki peserta didik sekolah menengah atas dalam mengikuti pembelajaran PJOK pada kurikulum merdeka belajar berkategori baik.saran yang diberikan bagi guru-guru PJOK lebih memperhatikan berbagai macam aspek pembelajaran yang ada pada kurikulum merdeka sebagai langkah penunjang untuk meningkatkan motivasi belajar peserta didik dalam pembelajaran PJOK.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kebugaran jasmani siswa SMP Plus Al-Musthafa berdasarkan gender. Metode yang digunakan yaitu deskriptif kuantitatif dengan pendekatan survei. Populasi pada penelitian ini berjumlah 54 orang. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah total sampling dengan sampel berjumlah 54 orang terdiri dari 27 siswa laki-laki dan 27 siswa perempuan. Instrumen yang digunakan yaitu Tes Kebugaran Siswa Indonesia (TKSI) fase D. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif persentase. Hasil pada penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa tingkat kebugaran jasmani siswa laki-laki dikategorikan Kurang (14,81%), Sedang (55,56%), dan Baik (29,63%). Adapun tingkat kebugaran jasmani siswa perempuan dikategorikan Kurang Sekali (18,52%), Kurang (70,37%) dan Sedang (11,11%). Hasil menunjukan bahwa tingkat kebugaran jasmani siswa laki-laki lebih tinggi dibandingkan siswa perempuan. Diharapkan, proses pembelajaran pendidikan jasmani mampu untuk memfasilitasi ketercapaian kebugaran jasmani siswa yang diukur secara berkala melalui instrumen ini tanpa melihat perbedaan gender antara laki-laki dan perempuan. diharpakan penelitian selanjutnya dapat mengungkap lebih jauh variabel moderator pada aspek psikologi seperti motivasi atau persepsi positif dari para siswa terhadap aktivitas fisik yang mereka lakukan pada proses pembelajaran penjas ataupun di kehidupan sehari-hari siswa di lingkungannya.

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis tren publikasi ilmiah dan perkembangan pembelajaran motorik pada siswa sekolah dasar menggunakan data dari Scopus. Penelitian ini menjawab empat pertanyaan utama: (1) tren dan perkembangan pembelajaran motorik sebelum 2024, (2) kontributor utama dalam publikasi (penulis, universitas, dan jurnal), (3) jurnal yang paling banyak menerbitkan artikel terkait, dan (4) negara dengan kontribusi terbanyak dalam bidang ini. Sebanyak 320 artikel dengan kata kunci "motor learning" dan "elementary school" dianalisis menggunakan metode bibliometrik dan perangkat lunak VOSviewer. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa produktivitas publikasi pada bidang ini relatif rendah, dengan rata-rata di bawah 15 dokumen per tahun antara 2013–2020. Namun, terjadi peningkatan signifikan dalam lima tahun terakhir. Simone Aparecida Capellini tercatat sebagai penulis dengan publikasi terbanyak (4 dokumen), Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta sebagai universitas dengan kontribusi terbesar (6 dokumen), dan Amerika Serikat sebagai negara paling produktif (6 dokumen). Jurnal Perceptual and Motor Skills adalah yang paling banyak menerbitkan artikel terkait (16 dokumen). Publikasi tersebar di berbagai bidang studi, seperti teknik (21 dokumen), ilmu sosial (18 dokumen), dan ilmu material (14 dokumen). Studi ini berkontribusi pada pemahaman pola publikasi ilmiah dalam pembelajaran motorik, mengidentifikasi area tematik utama, serta memberikan wawasan untuk penelitian lebih lanjut dan pengembangan teori serta praktik di bidang pendidikan.

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menilai kemampuan biomotorik siswa kelas IV Sekolah Dasar se-Malang Raya. Studi ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan survei. Teknik pengumpulan data berupa tes dan pengukuran. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa sekolah dasar kelas empat dari 6 sekolah dasar yang tersebar di Kota Malang dengan total siswa 318 siswa laki-laki dan perempuan. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini mengadopsi dari tes pemanduan bakat sport search. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif kuantitatif dengan menggunakan persentase. Hasil dalam penelitian ini dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa kemampuan motorik siswa kelas IV di Sekolah Dasar SDN Tunggul Wulung III memperoleh skor persentase 57,56 masuk pada kategori “sedang”, SDIT Insan Permata memperoleh skor persentase 51,68 masuk pada kategori “sedang”, MI Nurul Ulum memperoleh skor persentase 51,11 masuk pada kategori “sedang”, SDN Bareng I memperoleh skor persentase 44,54 masuk pada kategori “sedang”, SDN Sumbersari II memperoleh skor persentase 45,56 masuk pada kategori “sedang”, SDN Polehan III memperoleh skor persentase 41,20 masuk pada kategori “sedang”.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Team Game Tournament (TGT) dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar service bawah siswa dalam permainan bolavoli. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK). 13 siswi perempuan terlibat sebagai sampel dalam penelitian ini. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah tes service bawah dengan metode AAHPER. Pada prasiklus, hasil belajar service bawah siswa putri menunjukkan nilai rata-rata 56,53 dengan kriteria kurang. Pada siklus I, nilai rata-rata meningkat menjadi 69,23 dengan kriteria cukup, menunjukkan peningkatan sebesar 12,69. Selanjutnya, dari siklus I ke siklus II, nilai rata-rata meningkat lagi dari 69,23 menjadi 81,53 dengan kriteria baik, menunjukkan peningkatan sebesar 25 poin dari prasiklus ke siklus II. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan signifikan pada nilai rata-rata siswa dari prasiklus ke siklus I dan siklus II, dengan peningkatan terbesar terjadi pada siklus II. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Teams Games Tournament (TGT) terbukti efektif dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar servis bawah siswa dalam permainan bolavoli. Model TGT berhasil meningkatkan keterampilan dan pemahaman siswa, sehingga dapat direkomendasikan sebagai metode yang efektif untuk pembelajaran servis bawah dalam bolavoli.

This study explores the implementation of online learning for basketball courses at STKIP PGRI Bangkalan compared to offline basketball courses. Employing a true experimental design with a posttest-only control setup, the research gathers data through pretest and posttest scores. The study ensures validity through expert validation and assesses reliability using product-moment correlation. Normality tests are performed with the one-sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, while differences are evaluated using an independent sample t-test. This research reveals significant differences between online and offline learning environments. The analysis highlights a decrease in performance during online courses with a mean difference of 9.29870, underscoring the challenges faced by students in adapting to online learning platforms. The study contributes valuable insights into the effectiveness of online learning in physical education, providing a basis for future educational strategies and interventions.

Objectives. To determine the effectiveness of the author’s methodological system for training future specialists in physical culture and sports for educational activities related to sustainable development, focusing on the formation of the cognitive component of readiness. Materials and methods. The study involved 390 students from the faculties of physical education at T.H. Shevchenko National University “Chernihiv Colehium”, the National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Sumy State University, and Sumy State Pedagogical University named after A.S. Makarenko – future specialists in physical culture and sports. The participants, who were from various courses and were of both sexes, were divided into control and experimental groups. The methods used included surveys, testing, pedagogical experiments, analysis, synthesis, and generalization of information, and mathematical statistics methods. Results. At the beginning of the study, 93.33% of the students in the control group and 86.67% of the students in the experimental group had low levels of cognitive readiness for educational activities related to sustainable development. The final test revealed a significant improvement in this indicator within the experimental group: 32.22% of the students had a low level of cognitive readiness, 48.89% had a satisfactory level, 17.78% had an average level, and 1.11% had a high level. Relevant improvements were observed across all criteria (content components) of readiness, including: knowledge of the history of the new paradigm of human development and international documents on sustainable development; understanding the essence of sustainable development; comprehension of ecological laws governing human existence; and knowledge and understanding of the ecological, economic, and social components of sustainable development, as well as the role of physical culture and sport in promoting sustainable development. In the control group, no significant changes were observed in the levels of cognitive readiness for educational activities related to sustainable development by the end of the experiment. Conclusions. The results of the pedagogical experiment confirm the positive impact of the developed methodological system on the formation of the cognitive component of future specialists’ readiness in physical culture and sports for educational activities related to sustainable development.

The effectiveness of law enforcement in ensuring and restoring public order and security has evolved significantly over time, influenced by multiple factors, including technological innovations, legislative changes, professional training and international cooperation. This aspect is particularly important in the context of sporting events, which gather a large number of participants and potential risks. The purpose of this article is to increase the efficiency and remediation of the operative actions of law enforcement during public and sports events. The results of the mathematical modeling showed that the time of the actions of the forces to ensure public order for exceptional situations is 2.73 times higher than the standard ones according to the existing techniques and 2.68 times – in the case of applying the proposed techniques. The total time of the actions of the forces to ensure public order is 38% lower in the case of the application of the proposed techniques compared to the existing onesTimpul acțiunilor forțelor la restabilirea ordinii publice pentru situații excepționale este mai mare decât celor standard de 1,63 ori conform tehnicilor existente și de 1,75 ori – în cazul aplicării tehnicilor propuse. The total time of the actions of the forces to restore public order is lower by 29% in the exceptional case and the application of the proposed techniques compared to the existing ones. The total time of force actions to restore public order is 33% less in the standard case and the application of the proposed techniques compared to the existing ones.

The aim of this study is to explore the outcomes of an intervention program to promote prosocial behavior, foster personal responsibility and overcome gender stereotypes in sports. This is a mixed (qualitative-quantitative) quasi-experimental study using a single group. The sample consisted of 72 male university students (21.9 ± 8.85 years) enrolled in Spanish university. The program is based on the Self-determination Theory and consisted of 26 sessions. A teaching guide for gender equality in physical education, the "It Grows" program. The results of the study indicate that, firstly, the program is effective in significantly raising scores for the variable Personal Responsibility, improving decision-making and commitment to one's own goals. Secondly, there was an increase in Prosocial Behavior, indicating greater degrees of empathy. Third, processes of intrinsic motivation also improved, with significantly higher scores in Basic Psychological Needs. Fourth, there was a decrease in the prevalence of gender stereotypes and sexist attitudes. An analysis of the pre-intervention correlations between variables indicated a positive and significant correlation between Personal Responsibility and Basic Psychological Needs (p < 0.001; r = 0.700), and between Responsibility and Prosocial Behavior (p < 0.001; r = 0.504). After the intervention program, a positive correlation was found between scores for Personal Responsibility and Basic Psychological Needs (p < 0.001; r = 0.839) and between Personal Responsibility and Prosocial Behavior (p < 0.001; r = 0.624). After the intervention program a negative correlation was also found between scores for Personal Responsibility and Gender Stereotypes (p < 0.001; r = -0.281). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

: Wisdom holds that healthy and fit citizens ensure more successful national development plans. In its transition to a knowledge-based economy (Vision 2030), Saudi Arabia is depending on women's contributions and leadership. But Saudi females have historically lacked access to physical education or sports as evident in their compromised health status (44% obesity rate) compared to the national average (35.4%), which is nearly three times as high as the global average (13%). : This study demonstrated the benefit of soliciting health and sports-related academic specialists' voices to address the paucity of research that could inform policy and curricular decisions around healthy lifestyle, physical education, and sports access for Saudi women. : This exploratory qualitative study (2020–2021) involved N = 11 semi-structured interviews (purposive sampling) with Saudi faculty members (kinesiology, sports, physical education, and related specializations). The eight, mostly open-ended interview questions were inspired by existing work on international women's health issues. A thematic analysis revealed participants' learned insights and opinions about this issue. : Four themes emerged. Participants opined that (a) education should be used to improve women's health, (b) everyone's lifestyle can be improved through educating women, (c) policymakers must be held accountable for ensuring access to relevant curricula and infrastructure, and (d) gender health equality must be in place to ensure women's healthy lifestyles. : Exploratory research is beneficial when little is known about a phenomenon. It helps researchers better clarify the nature of the problem, and findings often serve as groundwork for future studies. Participants supported physical education curricula and a fitness infrastructure for Saudi women. A focus on healthy lifestyles through physical education classes and sports engagement via related infrastructure is strongly recommended as an important action for Saudi policymakers. This would help create a cultural imperative of healthy citizens for national development especially through women's health and physical fitness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Interactive learning environments improve students' achievement level and ability to contribute to the learning of other students, communication skills and ability to interact with others, and behavior of students. Interactive learning environments aware students of the educational potential of technology. The current study aims to develop an interactive learning environment for physical education students and the differences between an interactive learning environment and a traditional learning environment. The researcher collects data from 324 Chinese students about the impact of these two types of education by using qualitative and quantitative methods. The study identifies interactive learning skills that improve the ability of sportsmen to enhance overall performance and establish high sporting skills. The study found that sustainable education technologies can be used to support and enhance large-scale creative and collaborative physical education by providing technology instruction to athletes with an interactive learning environment. The study suggests that an interactive learning environment creates a comfortable learning environment that focuses students' attention and enhances students in learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To identify what coaches, support staff, and athletes believe should be considered when implementing menstrual cycle tracking in sport. Concept mapping (mixed-methods participatory approach). Participants brainstormed statements in response to the focus prompt "What should be considered when tracking menstrual cycles in sport?" Participants then sorted the statements into groups according to meaning and rated each statement on its importance and feasibility to address. Twenty-six participants (12 athletes and 14 coaches/support staff) generated 53 ideas that the research team synthesised to 57 unique statements. Sixteen participants sorted the statements into an average of 8 (± 4) groups. Six clusters were identified as the most appropriate representation of the sorting data following multidimensional scaling and hierarchical cluster analysis: 1) Ethics , 2) Tracking Tools and Methods , 3) Performance and Health , 4) Education , 5) Interpretation and Framing and 6) Communication. Participants rated each statement based on their importance (n = 12) and feasibility (n = 10), respectively. The most important (mean = 3.88 out of 5) and feasible (mean = 3.85 out of 5) cluster was Ethics , whilst the least important (mean = 3.17) and feasible (mean = 3.04) was Communication. Ethical considerations pertaining to privacy, consent, and scope of practice should be prioritised when tracking menstrual cycles in sport. A low burden method of tracking, which allows for some individualisation based on athletes' preferences or needs, and menstrual health education should also be undertaken to improve the uptake and impact of menstrual cycle tracking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Participation in outdoor sports increases exposure to ultraviolet radiation, necessitating mitigation through sunscreen use. This prospective study examined the effects of sport, setting (practice vs. competition), gender, age and geographic location on sunscreen use and education among youth athletes in various sports. Six hundred and twelve athletes ≤18 years old completed an online survey on sunscreen education and use during competitions and practices. Regardless of sport, reported sunscreen use was higher during practices than competition (p < 0.0001). Sunscreen was used most by swimmers/divers (odds ratio: OR ≥ 1.9, p < 0.001) and least by American football players (OR ≤ 0.57, p ≤ 0.001). Coaches mentioned sunscreen use the most in track and field (OR 1.84, p = 0.001) and the least in American football (OR 0.67, p = 0.03). Athletes used sunscreen more if they were female (OR ≥ 1.9 1.38, p ≤ 0.06) and younger (age OR ≤ 0.88, p < 0.001). In conclusion, youth athletes differ in sunscreen use by sport and setting, highlighting the need for continued photoprotective education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Harassment and abuse represent a pervasive and critical problem in sport with far-reaching consequences. Survivors' testimonials underscore the profound and enduring impact of these experiences at individual, interpersonal, organizational and community level. Many of their stories reveal painful inaction from responsible adults in the sport organization, aggravating the harm. Other contributing factors to the harm inflicted include a culture of silence, lack of knowledge and understanding of what constitutes abuse, unawareness of reporting and supporting mechanisms, and fear of potential consequences. While effective bystander interventions have been developed outside the sport context, particularly targeting students in higher education, such initiatives have yet to be extensively adapted and assessed within the sport context. To address this gap, the Safe Sport Allies Erasmus+ collaborative partnership relied on the intervention mapping approach as a guiding framework to systematically develop a bystander training program (i.e., Safe Sport Allies) to train youth sport participants and youth sport coaches to act as effective bystanders. The current paper describes the comprehensive development process and provides an overview of implementation and evaluation possibilities. Throughout the paper, it is explained how each step of the Intervention Mapping approach shaped the Safe Sport Allies bystander training program. The program development, and the developed plans for implementation and evaluation are presented, shedding light on challenges encountered. The bystander training program developed in this paper and the implementation and evaluation plans can serve as an outline to build future interventions within this critical domain of safeguarding in sport. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At the beginning of the 1970s, college sports were on turbulent ground. "Colleges prepare for the impact of rising costs and more campus unrest," warned the New York Times. The Los Angeles Times was a bit blunter in its prognosis, reporting that "like housewives everywhere, athletic directors of the nation's colleges [were] having budget trouble." National Collegiate Athletics Association (NCAA) Executive Director, Walter Byers, warned of "cadres of disgruntled athletes," demanding rights, money, and control. Byers was also troubled by Title IX, the new educational amendment mandating gender equity in federally funded schools, including in athletic departments. "The possible doom of our collegiate sports is near," Byers proclaimed. "There is not an athletic department in the country where officials are optimistic," University of Michigan's Athletic Director (AD), Don Canham, lamented. Norv Richey, University of Oregon's AD concurred, declaring, "The future of intercollegiate athletics are in peril." [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction Heart failure (HF) is a common clinical syndrome characterized by symptoms such as breathlessness and fatigue, affecting 1-2% of adults in developed countries. Standard treatment for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) includes a "new quadruple" therapy comprising ARNI/ACE-I, beta-blockers, MRAs, and SGLT2i. However, a subset of patients remains inadequately managed, highlighting the need for new therapies like vericiguat. Vericiguat, an oral soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) stimulator approved by the FDA in January 2021, shows promise for patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). This review highlights vericiguat's pharmacodynamics, including its mechanism that enhances nitric oxide effects and promotes vasodilation, thereby improving hemodynamic status. Materials and Methods This review synthesizes recent literature on vericiguat sourced from PubMed and Cochrane databases, including studies published in English between 2023 and 2024. Eight relevant publications were selected based on strict inclusion criteria. Results Reviewed studies demonstrate that vericiguat significantly reduces NT-proBNP levels and lowers the risk of composite cardiovascular death or HF hospitalization. Notably, vericiguat showed efficacy in specific subgroups, including patients with chronic kidney disease and those in NYHA class III/IV. Conclusion Vericiguat is a promising candidate for inclusion in the "new quadruple" therapy for HF, particularly for patients with severe symptoms or chronic kidney disease. Further research is essential to clarify its benefits in stable HF patients and its comparative efficacy alongside current guideline-directed medical therapy.

Introduction and purpose: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common complication of diabetes mellitus, characterized by damage to the blood vessels in the retina. It is one of the leading causes of blindness in adults worldwide. This article aims to explore the pathophysiology, risk factors, basic rules of patient screening, DR classification and current treatment approaches for DR, with the goal of improving awareness and understanding of this vision threatening condition. Materials and methods: A review was conducted in PubMed and Google Scholar including publications regarding diabetic retinopathy and its’ pathogenesis, risk factors, classification, screening and treatment. Literature was searched using the following terms: “diabetic retinopathy pathogenesis and treatment”, “diabetic retinopathy screening”, “diabetic retinopathy risk factors”, “vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors”, “laser photocoagulation” and “vitrectomy”. Brief description of the state of knowledge: DR is typically classified into two stages: non-proliferative DR, where the retinal vessels leak fluid or bleed and proliferative DR, characterized by the growth of abnormal blood vessels that can lead to retinal detachment or hemorrhaging. Treatment for DR aims to slow disease progression and preserve vision. Modern therapies include laser therapy, anti-VEGF injections and vitrectomy. Conclusions: Prevention is the most effective way to avoid vision loss from DR. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle, controlling blood glucose and blood pressure, as well as regular eye examinations are essential for managing DR. Therapeutic interventions such as anti-VEGF intravitreal injections, laser photocoagulation and vitrectomy proved to be very effective in DR management. Early intervention with modern therapies, patients education and treatment adherence are main factors in preventing severe outcomes of DR.

Introduction and purpose: Excessive sugar consumption is one of the main dietary problem of the modern Western diet. Numerous studies have shown that a high intake of simple sugars is associated with an increased risk of developing various diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular diseases. Moreover, the consumption of large amounts of sugar also affects skin condition, accelerating its aging and exacerbating the course of certain dermatological conditions. This study aims to present the underlying mechanisms of these processes and demonstrate the impact of a low-glycemic index diet on skin health. Description of the state of knowledge: The skin is the largest organ of the body, and its condition is closely linked to diet. Excessive sugar consumption can contribute to biochemical changes such as skin protein glycation, increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and inflammation. The glycation process leads to damage of collagen and elastin fibers, which reduces skin elasticity and contributes to the formation of wrinkles. Elevated levels of MMP-1/MMP-2 and LOX in the skin can affect collagen fragmentation and disrupt its structural integrity. Studies have also shown that a high-glycemic index diet can exacerbate inflammatory conditions such as acne and psoriasis and promote hormonal imbalances. Conclusion: In summary, excessive consumption of simple sugars significantly affects skin condition through mechanisms such as glycation, inflammation induction, and hormonal disturbances. Therefore, a low-glycemic index diet may be an effective tool in the prevention and treatment of skin diseases. Future studies should focus on gaining a more precise understanding of these relationships and developing dietary recommendations to improve skin health.

The recent era of rapid advancements in information technology has enabled various medical disciplines to tackle longstanding problems in novel ways. Among these, virtual reality (VR) has emerged as a promising alternative or complement to conventional physical therapy (CPT) for managing chronic musculoskeletal, degenerative, neurological, and pulmonary conditions. Increased patient motivation during treatment, low drop-out rates, and instant feedback are among the primary reasons VR is gaining trust among physicians, patients, and caregivers worldwide. Evidence suggests that VR can significantly enhance motor performance, cognitive skills, pulmonary function, activities of daily living (ADLs), quality of life (QoL), and even reduce pain intensity in several chronic diseases. Notably, patients with stroke, Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis (MS), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are poised to be the primary beneficiaries of VR. Thus, it appears that VR-based techniques are set to leave a footprint on clinical practice globally. However, challenges to the clinical adoption of VR remain, including technical limitations, the lack of standardized guidelines, and minor safety concerns that must be addressed. This paper summarizes the background, current developments, and key considerations for future research in this rapidly evolving field.

Introduction Hypercholesterolemia is a primary element leading to the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases, which are the most common cause of death worldwide. One of the most effective drugs used in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia are statins. Monacolin K is a naturally derived substance that exhibits similar effects. Materials and methods The review of studies that follows is based on peer-reviewed scientific publications that may be found on PubMed, Google Scholar and CrossRef. The terms "monacolin K," "hypercholesterolemia," and "monacolin K in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia" were among the most searched. Results Review of the literature shows that Monacolin K is a promising substance that exhibits similar effects to statins and like them contributes to improving lipid profile. Unfortunately, fermented wild rice preparations lack clear information on the exact content of Monacolin K. Additionally, it is almost exclusively available in the form of dietary supplements on the Polish market, which have not been subjected to rigorous studies, so their therapeutic effects have not been scientifically proven. Conclusion The result of the cited studies indicates that It is necessary to regulate the market of preparations containing fermented wild rice. The package should specify the exact content of the active substance and effectiveness should be confirmed by appropriate studies. It would be promising for preparations to be developed at the level of medication rather than dietary supplements

Introduction and purpose of this work CPPD is an arthropathy related to calcium pyrophosphate crystals’ deposition in joints triggering an inflammatory response leading to local articular damage. CPPD mainly affects the large and weight-bearing joints.In this review paper, our aim is to outline the current knowledge on epidemiology, origins, clinical manifest, diagnostical tools, new guidelines of the (ACR) and (EULAR) and current treatment options for CPPD. Methods: We performed a systematic electronic search on PubMed, Medline and Google Scholar databases. The search results were limited to publications from 2002 to 2024, as well as key studies and reference books from earlier years. Brief description of the state of knowledge CPP crystals in joints can lead to an inflammatory response and lead to joint damage. CPPD is the third most common reason of arthritis. Its origin is rather idiopathic, but there has been research showing the linkage of this disease to genetical background and some metabolic disorders.The treatment is chosen based on the phenotype of the disease.conventional pharmacological treatment includes NSAIDs, colchicine and corticosteroids. New opportunities to CPPD treatment have appeared thanks to biological medications which inhibit the inflammatory process. Summary Early diagnosis of CPPD, distinguishing it from other forms of arthritis and identifying the possible co-occurring diseases such as gout, rheumatoid arthritis and osteoporosis can help the clinicians to apply the proper treatment . Most patients are seniors with several comorbidities, this is why it is important to choose the right treatment, which prevents exacerbation of the inflammatory process and ensures high quality of life for the patients.

Introduction and purpose Over the years piercing has become popular as a form of art and self-expression that may concern various areas of the body. However, it may pose significant risks to health. This literature review aims to provide insight into the matter of oral piercing and to examine recent studies investigating the implications of oral piercing on health. It emphasizes the necessity of promoting education regarding this matter and points out the most significant preventive measures such as regular dental examinations and maintaining proper hygiene that should be taken to minimize the negative consequences of oral piercing on health. The state of knowledge According to the examined studies investigating the implications of oral piercing on health, a wide range of complications have been reported. Gingival recession, damage to dentition and gingivitis should be mentioned among the most frequently discussed. Moreover, studies have demonstrated a correlation between the severity of complications and the location of the piercing, specifying the adverse effects of the piercing within lip and tongue areas in particular. They have also underscored the impact of prolongated wear time on the risk of complications, indicating the elevated risk associated with extended periods of wear time. Conclusions To minimize adverse effects of oral piercing on health, it is crucial to underscore the role of proper education in this field and the importance of taking preventive measures such as performing the piercing procedure by well qualified professionals who endure sterile work conditions and maintaining proper aftercare of the ornament. The role of regular dental examinations taken in order to detect and treat potential complications at early stages is also vital.

Introduction: Pain management is a critical component of healthcare, addressing acute and chronic conditions that significantly impact quality of life. Traditional pharmacological approaches, while effective, often present side effects and dependency risks. Acupuncture, rooted in traditional Chinese medicine, has emerged as a complementary and alternative therapy, leveraging the body’s natural mechanisms to alleviate pain through the strategic insertion of fine needles at acupoints. Purpose of Work: This research investigates the role of acupuncture in pain management, examining its efficacy across various pain conditions, understanding its physiological mechanisms, and evaluating its integration into modern medical practice. It seeks to assess the scientific evidence supporting acupuncture and its potential as a non-pharmacological pain management strategy. State of Knowledge: Studies have demonstrated acupuncture's effectiveness in reducing pain intensity for conditions such as migraines, osteoarthritis, fibromyalgia, and postoperative pain. Mechanistic research highlights its role in modulating neural pathways, enhancing endogenous opioid release, and reducing inflammation. Guidelines from health organizations now recognize acupuncture as a viable option in multidisciplinary pain management. Material and methods: The study methodology entailed defining the objectives, conducting a systematic literature search, and implementing a structured process for screening relevant studies. The research encompassed a comprehensive search across scientific databases, such as PubMed and Google Scholar. Summary: Acupuncture presents a promising, evidence-supported intervention for pain management. By combining traditional techniques with modern scientific insights, acupuncture addresses the growing need for holistic, safe, and effective approaches to alleviating pain and enhancing patient well-being.

Introduction and purpose Transient global amnesia (TGA) is a sudden, short-lasting episode of anterograde and retrograde memory loss not caused by stroke or epileptic seizure. It affects 3.4-10.4 per 100,000 people per year, especially those in their 70s. There are several hypotheses regarding the etiopathology of this disorder, none of which have been unequivocally confirmed. This study aims to review the current knowledge about TGA, and to show its essence to the wider community. Description TGA is mainly manifested by a sudden, up to 24-hour loss of anterograde and retrograde memory, which may be accompanied by mild neuropsychological deficits. Diagnosis is based on a neurological examination and exclusion of numerous possible differential diagnoses, including laboratory and imaging tests. There is no specific treatment for this condition, and patient care is based primarily on patient education and risk factor control. They rarely recur and do not cause long-term complications. Summary Although TGA is considered a benign condition, its sudden onset and the temporary nature of memory loss can cause significant anxiety for both patients and their families. Increased awareness and prompt diagnosis are essential to provide reassurance and to rule out more serious conditions such as stroke or epilepsy. Expanding research on TGA is crucial to uncover potential preventive strategies and enhance our understanding of transient memory dysfunctions.