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Cochlear implants can provide partial hearing to individuals with substantial hearing loss. Because of improvements in early identification and intervention, more children with cochlear implants will be included in elementary school general education classrooms. Thus, general education teachers should be prepared for teaching children with cochlear implants. Our aim in this paper is to help prepare general education teachers for this role by (a) describing the cochlear implant and how it functions, (b) offering important general guidelines for teaching a child with a cochlear implant, and (c) listing ways to increase inclusion of children with implants. (Contains 5 tables and 1 figure.)

There is a recognized need to understand the current state of programming implementation in the Swedish compulsory school system. This study focused specifically on the implementation of programming in the school subject of technology for grades 4–6. In Sweden, the responsibility for choosing teaching and learning material lies with individual teachers. Recent studies have indicated the prevalence of visual programming languages (VPLs) in classrooms. However, no empirical research has specifically investigated why teachers select particular programming learning environments (PLEs) and the challenges they have overcome in this process. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the PLEs used by teachers and the factors influencing their choices. In addition, this study explored the role of pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) and the influence of systemic and situational amplifiers and filters in shaping the programming education landscape, highlighting the importance of understanding these factors for effective implementation. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 14 experienced programming teachers in grades 4–6 to gather insights. The results revealed that VPLs, particularly Scratch, have been widely adopted, but the study also identified three textual programming languages being utilized. Furthermore, the findings indicate that teachers' previous education plays a significant role in shaping their PLE preferences. This suggests that programming education in both professional development and preservice teacher training is crucial for effective implementation. By investigating PLE choices and the factors influencing them, this study contributes to a better understanding of the current landscape of programming education in Sweden's compulsory school system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study applied Video Enhanced Reflective Practice (VERP) to promote and assess Finnish professionals' interactional competence by means of stimulated recall during three group-based shared review discussions. A VERP trainer guided the professionals to reflect on children's, their own, and colleagues' actions and mental states based on video-recorded interactions in early childhood education classrooms. Self-reports on attuned interaction and guidance were collected before and after the in-service training. A coding scheme was developed to assess the target, type, and richness of mental state utterances (N = 787) produced during the VERP training. The professionals equally discussed children's and adults' mental states. They talked more frequently about motivational states when referring to children and cognitive states when referring to themselves and colleagues. The more attuned the professionals perceived their interaction with the children was before training, the more frequently they referred to their own or colleagues' mental states observed during the group discussions. Our study extends assessment of mental states and provides guidelines for future group-based video-stimulated recall training for early childhood education professionals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While there are laudable studies on the challenges of flipped learning and hybrid models adopted during the COVID-19 pandemic, limited studies exist on the advancements achieved through digitally enhanced learning. Eliciting information from preservice teachers on their experiences while switching to different learning environments during the global pandemic seems essential. A mixed-method research design was adopted to achieve this. Questionnaires and interviews were used to collect data from 165 participants who were purposively recruited for the study on their opinions on the switch from flipped learning to a hybrid educational model. A notable finding of this study was that switching to the hybrid model was perceived as a novel innovation in online learning during emergencies. Also, the study found that while the hybrid educational model was deemed adequate and efficient in achieving instructional objectives, the preservice teachers perceived it as ineffective and inefficient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since social media is increasingly pervasive in modern society, this bibliometric study aims to investigate its educational applications. Using the Scopus database, the bibliometric method analyses publications published between 2010 and 2022. The research indicates that student participation and ease of access are the two main benefits of using social media in the classroom. However, it also spreads misinformation and poses privacy and security risks. Articles that discussed how social media could be used in the classroom were found and organised using a bibliometric analysis based on their subject matter, year of publication, and authors. The research shows that between 2001 and 2020, there was a rise in the number of papers discussing the use of social media in the classroom. In addition, the top five countries in terms of annual publication output include the United States, the United Kingdom, Australia/India, and Canada. To further explore the connections between relevant articles, a co-citation network analysis was performed. Therefore, there must be strict rules and policies for using social media in education to address privacy and security concerns and the spread of false information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Implementation of information and communication technologies (ICTs) in education is defined as the incorporation of ICTs into teaching and learning activities, both inside and outside the classroom. Despite widely studied, there is still no consensus on how it affects student performance. However, before evaluating this, it is crucial to identify which factors impact students' use of ICT for educational purposes. This understanding can help educational institutions to effectively implement ICT, potentially improving student results. Thus, adapting the conceptual framework proposed by Biagi and Loi (2013) and using the 2018 database of the Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) and a decision tree classification model developed based on CRISP-DM framework, we aim to determine which socio-demographic factors influence students' use of ICT for educational purposes. First, we categorized students according to their use of ICT for educational purposes in two situations: during lessons and outside lessons. Then, we developed a decision tree model to distinguish these categories and find patterns in each group. The model was able to accurately distinguish different levels of ICT adoption and demonstrate that ICT use for entertainment and ICT access at school and at home are among the most influential variables to predict ICT use for educational purposes. Moreover, the model showed that variables related to teaching best practices of Internet utilization at school are not significant predictors of such use. Some results were found to be country-specific, leading to the recommendation that each country adapts the measures to improve ICT use according to its context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in education and research, highlighting its potential to transform traditional teaching methods and enhance academic inquiry. The use of AI in education is examined, focusing on its ability to streamline administrative tasks, provide personalized instruction, and support teacher professional development. The benefits and challenges of AI adoption in the classroom are discussed, including its impact on teacher burnout and the potential disruption of teacher-student relationships. Additionally, the paper explores the applications of AI in scientific research, emphasizing its role in data analysis, literature review, predictive modeling, and collaborative research. The experiences of a professor who integrated AI into their classroom are shared, and the decision-making process, adjustments made, and the importance of balancing AI-driven instruction with interactive in-class activities are discussed. The paper highlights the need for ongoing evaluation, adaptation, and human-AI collaboration to ensure AI's responsible and effective integration in education and research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This reply to Finn Collin's critically sympathetic review of my Back to the University's Future: The Second Coming of Humboldt, addresses some of the tensions involved in realizing "Humboldt 2.0" in today's higher education environment. Its focus is largely on the academic's sense of researcher as being one of learner. In other words, the Humboldtian sees research as the necessary complement to teaching, not something radically distinct from it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined several early childhood education and care (ECEC) factors and their relation to children's salivary cortisol slope and hair cortisol concentration (HCC). The study is part of the cross-sectional DAGIS study, conducted in 2015–2016, examining 66 preschools and 677 children aged 3–6 years in Finland. Two saliva samples from one childcare day and a hair sample were collected from the children. Educators' education level, perceived stress, and occupational well-being factors, group size, child-adult ratio, and amount of childcare per week were assessed by questionnaires filled in by educators and guardians. Higher educators' education level was associated with a higher likelihood of children having a declining salivary cortisol slope. Educators with higher perceived stress were associated with a lower likelihood of children having a declining cortisol slope, but the result was attenuated in the adjusted model. Child-adult ratio was negatively associated with HCC. The results indicate that educators' higher education level and possibly lower stress associate with a favourable cortisol profile in children, suggesting less stress. These factors should receive attention when considering children's stress at childcare. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This applied and in-depth book review explores the ways in which Barbara Bickel and R. Michael Fisher's (2023) book Art-Care Practices for Restoring the Communal: Education, Co-inquiry, and Healing generates a creative response for those who engage with it. The review explains the theoretical underpinnings of the text as they relate to current educational issues and tensions. It looks thoughtfully at how a book that presents as a communal hub of care through both form and content can shift one's thinking from the individual to the collective and create unexpected relations along the way. Using the author's own aesthetic responses to the book as touchpoints, this review invites engagement from the reader as it investigates ideas around communal care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dialogue journals (DJs) are a type of extensive writing assignment, in which students write for the purpose of communication with their instructor. Previous research has shown that DJs can help students develop writing skills; however, few studies have analyzed how DJs compare with traditional prompt‐based assignments (TAs). The present study, therefore, presents a quasi‐experimental comparison of texts from first‐ and second‐year German classrooms that used either DJs or TAs. Analysis focused on five metrics: (1) word count, (2) sentence count, (3) words per sentence, (4) text‐type ratio (TTR), and (5) measure of textual lexical diversity (MTLD). Results for word and sentence count indicated that TA texts were longer. However, DJs resulted in more complex writing, as measured by sentence length, MTLD, and TTR. Taken together, results suggest that journals can promote writing that is both communicatively oriented and linguistically complex. The article concludes by offering suggestions for practical implementation of DJs. The Challenge: Most language programs focus on communication, but this is not always reflected in prompted writing assignments that center linguistic structure. Dialogue journals provide an alternative that allows students to communicate with their instructor on a topic they choose. This article aims to understand how journals compare to more traditional approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The competency-based approach seeks to project its execution to a quality education, in this article the objective is to know the perceptions that teachers have about the competency approach, a quantitative methodology was used, applying a questionnaire instrument with a Likert scale with an analysis and theoretical perception -practice resulting in a sample of 52 higher education teachers where we reached results where results of great importance are evidenced by 69% of teachers who sometimes present problems with their application, as well as 54% confirm that they only sometimes maintain training for its application, therefore it is concluded that with the need to train for its correct application in classrooms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the need for a comprehensive approach to teaching Asian American histories and narratives in K–12 education, beyond superficial celebrations like Asian American and Pacific Islander Heritage Month. It emphasizes creating a diverse and accurate representation of Asian American experiences and histories in the classroom, advocating for an inclusive and ongoing educational framework.

It has been widely recognised that plurilingual pedagogy offers many benefits both for language learning and learning in general. However, in contexts where the linguistic profile of students is diverse, it can still be challenging for teachers to view working with the language resources of their students as feasible. In this article, we discuss how engaging students in digital multimodal composing (DMC) can support teachers' uptake of plurilingual pedagogy. We draw on data collected from a design-based qualitative study that investigated the implementation of plurilingual pedagogy in primary classrooms in Australia. In this study, teachers engaged in professional learning on plurilingual strategies alongside digital multimodal composing. The study identified a number of affordances of digital multimodal composing that were particularly beneficial for inclusion of students' varying knowledge of language. They included (1) an aural mode of meaning-making, (2) a playful composing process and (3) a flexible interplay of languages and modes in digital texts. The article concludes by discussing approaches to the use of digital multimodal composing for plurilingual strategies in linguistically diverse settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Teacher–student interactions are considered to influence student engagement. As such, building on the teaching through interaction framework, this study presents an investigation of specific features of teacher–student interactions (regard for adolescent perspectives, productivity, and instructional learning formats) and their association with student engagement in a particular lesson. The sample consisted of 404 8th–10th grade students from 18 classrooms. The data comprised 87 videorecorded lessons, divided into 216 observation cycles, coded using the Classroom Assessment Scoring System – Secondary observational instrument. Additionally, the students' self-reports of their situational engagement were collected using the web-based In Situations (InSitu) instrument at the end of six separate lessons. The data were analysed with cross-classified multilevel structural equation modelling, with engagement ratings cross-classified by students and lessons. In line with the study hypothesis, the results revealed positive associations between situational engagement and the two dimensions of regard for adolescent perspectives and instructional learning formats, yet there were unexpected negative associations with productivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores what we perceive as a lack of visual poetry studies in creative writing classrooms, largely due to its characteristic incompatibility to familiar literary devices, analytical tools, and ways of reading. While our inquiry initially sought to provide an approachable visual poetry curriculum for creative writing teachers, our doing so prompted us towards theoretical frameworks that take seriously subject matter oft-misunderstood as unfit for traditional educational practices, turning to how decolonial theorising might inform our pedagogy. From there, our priorities stayed rooted in decolonising pedagogy, working to de-center traditional forms of literary knowledge and support lesser-known, borderless, 'in-between' spaces – spaces effectively considered in visual poetry's liminality between visual art and written word. Working to equip ourselves with new poetic conceptions of language and image, we aim to consider visual poetry in a way that renders it more approachable and theoretically considered for the higher education classroom setting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to identify the means and reality of treating learning loss in mathematics at the intermediate stage. The study adopted a mixed methods approach and used the following tools: questionnaire, individual interviews, and collective interviews. There were 40 male and female teacher participants in the first stage and 25 teachers in the second. Among the many findings, the most salient were that the concept of learning loss differs among mathematics teachers and they devote part of their teaching to the treatment of learning loss using different treatment mechanisms. In particular, they reported 'always' using teaching practices supporting the affective aspect of treating learning loss and their satisfaction with their teaching practices concerning learning loss was 'average'. The study also identified several challenges that limit the treatment of learning loss related to the teacher, the student, and the family. Taking these findings into consideration, the research developed some recommendations and proposals, the most important being enhancing teachers' awareness of learning loss, showing successful experiences in treating learning loss, studying the reality of treatment in different educational stages, and adopting teaching models for treating learning loss in mathematics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This scientific review article is focused on the qualitative analysis of various works focused on the development that the term education has presented and the various theories through which it has been constructed throughout history, as well as the contribution of neurosciences to the field of education giving rise to neuropsychology, neuroeducation and neuropsychopedagogy which have made valuable contributions to the educational area. This knowledge in different areas has allowed us to strengthen learning methods, which provides a different vision in the way in which learning is conceived and applied. Knowledge about brain functioning, cognitive processes, behavior and the impact they have on education facilitates the improvement of the teaching-learning process; Neuropsychopedagogy and its collaboration with other areas of knowledge generate various tools that allow the detection and coping with various challenges present in the classroom, facilitating timely and effective detection, delving into the neurobiological bases of certain conditions, which allows properly guiding students. teachers so that they adapt the pedagogical processes according to the needs of each learner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The flipped classroom model (FCM) is currently a prominent topic in education circles. While there's been discussion about its positive impacts, there's limited empirical evidence in the literature regarding whether FCM can truly improve the oral proficiency of non-English major learners. In this study, FCM was utilized to explore its benefits in terms of improving students' oral proficiency. The data was collected through one set of questionnaires, in-class observations and a pre- and post-test with a speaking rubric to check the effect of FCM on students' speaking skills. In this study, there were 60 non-English major students of Dong Nai Technology University (DNTU) in Vietnam. In class A (the flipped group), 30 students studied the course using FCM, while the remaining students in class B (the traditional group) studied the course using traditional methods. Findings reveal that the use of FCM not only improved students' speaking skills but also enhanced learners' motivation. The results can serve as a guide when developing oral proficiency for non-English major students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We utilized classroom video observations to examine the frequency and function of spontaneous communication in 112 preschool-3rd grade children with autism within 57 classrooms. Children initiated 7.53 instances (SD = 9.42) of spontaneous communication on average within a 12-minute sample, a rate of 0.69 initiations per minute. Autism features, receptive and expressive language, and adaptive functioning were associated with communication rate. A 4-factor model of spontaneous communication functions exhibited the best relative and absolute fit to the data. Findings highlight, and begin to explain, variability in spontaneous communication children used in classrooms, link individual developmental characteristics to communicative initiations, and provide evidence for conceptualizing and measuring spontaneous communication in learners with autism across classroom activities. Implications and future directions are discussed.

Copyright of Digital Education is the property of Haiyan Publishing Co. Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Conducting quantitative research involving adolescents demands a thoughtful approach to the question of supervision, given that each option comes with its distinct set of implications. This study reviews these implications and empirically tests whether differences in data quality can be found among three modes of standardized survey research with medium-sized groups of adolescents (12–17 years). The data basis is a quasi-experimental survey study testing different forms of digital, hybrid, or in-person supervision that took place in 2021 in secondary schools in Germany (N = 923). The aim of this study is to test how aspects of data quality—item nonresponse, interview duration, drop-out rate, and response patterns—differ between these forms of supervision. Results could help researchers surveying young people to decide (1) whether they allow confidants or other adults to be present during interviews, (2) if they can rely on teachers alone when surveying classrooms, and (3) if it is cost-efficient to send out external supervisors for classroom sessions. While drop-out rates do not differ, item non-response, interview duration, and response patterns differ significantly; students supervised at home by external interviewers answered more questions, took more time to answer, and were less likely to give potentially meaningless answers in grid questions. The implications drawn from the findings question the common approach of solely relying on teachers for survey administration without the support of external supervisors or adequate training. Recruiting respondents via schools and surveying them online in their homes during school hours has been shown to be a robust method with regard to the analyzed indicators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The growing pressure on school curricula has meant crystals and the science of crystallography have been cut from or made optional for many educational programs. This omission is a serious disservice to the history and understanding of modern sciences, given that crystallography underpins many of the greatest advancements in science over the past century, is a critical component of many modern research papers and patents, and has 29 Nobel Prizes awarded in the field. This contribution describes a simple activity to target classroom and public engagement with crystallography, using marshmallows or equivalent sweets/candy to represent atoms and cocktail sticks to represent bonds, together with examples of how crystals are studied and how they are useful. Though it has a simple basis, this activity can be extended in numerous ways to reflect the aims of the demonstrator, and a few of these are described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article I focus on the use of mixed methods in designing a classroom observation instrument known as the Facilitative Orientation to Reading Teaching (FORT). The instrument was designed to capture the teaching of reading and formed part of a project that took place in 2 Kwa-Zulu Natal primary schools. Participants were 8 teachers and their learners. The goal was to investigate how a teacher's pedagogical content knowledge can affect the literacy acquisition of Foundation and Intermediate Phase learners. In the study reported on here I used a facilitative-restrictive teaching and learning model based on the theories of, among others, Bernstein and Vygotsky, as well as Scarborough's Reading Rope theory. The instrument design was based on an original classroom instrument that captured only quantitative data. Through the addition of qualitative data, the instrument could capture classroom practice more accurately. Findings indicate that, ultimately, 1 of the participating teachers appeared to be successfully leading their learners from decoding to comprehension across the important Grade 3 to 4 threshold, where learners are expected to move from learning to read to be being able to learn from reading. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mobile technologies are widely used in education, both as standalone tools and in conjunction with other applications. The WeChat-based app Rain Classroom is one such application. Rain Classroom includes learning activities not only during class but also before and after class. Previous research has suggested strong demand for WeChat-based apps that can facilitate learning. However, relevant studies have not empirically evaluated the effect of Rain Classroom on English learning performance. This study examined the effects of using Rain Classroom for English learning. A total of 152 students were divided into control and experimental groups, each with 76 students. The experimental group had significantly better English reading, writing and listening scores than the control group did. The effects of the perceived features of Rain Classroom and learner satisfaction on learning performance were also investigated. Both factors had a significant positive influence on learning performance. The Rain Classroom has been proven to be an effective English learning tool. On the basis of the study findings, relevant implications are offered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on exploring time's role in dialogicality within classroom pedagogies. It highlights five key aspects: the persistence of teaching patterns, the quality of instructional time, changes in education, the need for self-reflection, and evolving student agency. It emphasizes the importance of reevaluating teaching practices to enhance student learning through dialogue.

Previous research has shown that humor can have an impact on people's interpersonal relationships and the way they are perceived by others. In addition, it has been suggested that use of humor by teachers can be positive, but also negative. The aim of the research was to examine students' perceptions of lecturers described as using different 'humor styles.' Using an online study, a sample of undergraduate students (n = 201) were presented with one of 20 vignettes of a male or female lecturer using a particular style of humor (affiliative, aggressive, self-defeating, self-enhancing) or no humor, while they were teaching content described as 'easy' or 'challenging.' They responded to questions to assess: approachability of the lecturer, feelings of engagement, perceptions of the learning environment, and general perceptions of the lecturer. It was found that a lecturer using aggressive humor was perceived more negatively compared to when using the other humor styles, and that the adaptive styles of humor (particularly affiliative) had a positive impact on student perceptions, compared to when no humor was used. Self-defeating humor was perceived more positively compared to aggressive humor, but, unexpectedly, no differently to the other styles of humor. The findings will add to the growing literature on the use of humor in an educational context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Adolescent bullying is a complicated behavior that is difficult to prevent. Understanding factors that predict bullying during adolescence can help us minimize such behavior. Classroom incivility is a low‐level antisocial behavior that has been discussed in the literature as being a potential predictor of bullying in adolescence. Therefore, the goal of the present study was to examine the longitudinal link between classroom incivility and bullying. Methods: Data for the current study was collected using quantitative surveys at two‐time points, three years apart (November 2019 and November 2022) in southern Ontario, Canada. Our sample comprised 349 adolescents (51.3% boys, 46.4% girls, 0.6% other, and 1.7% preferred not to say) between the ages of 9 and 14 years old (M = 11.92 years; SD = 1.42). We utilized cross‐lagged analyses to examine the stability of classroom incivility in adolescence, and the longitudinal association between classroom incivility and bullying. Results: Classroom incivility at Time 1 predicted bullying behavior at Time 2, while bullying at Time 1 did not predict classroom incivility at Time 2. Our results not only support the stability of levels of classroom incivility across time, but also provide empirical support for classroom incivility as a precursor to bullying behavior. Conclusion: Our study suggests that classroom incivility can not only negatively impact the learning environment but may also be implicated in contributing to the circumstances that promote bullying behavior in adolescence, highlighting the importance of limiting uncivil behavior before it escalates into more severe forms of behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

English language teaching (ELT) has been replaced by more modern strategies that focus on a language's relevance and actuality. The English for Specific Purpose (ESP) is the result of this search and the need for cutting-edge trends. The goal of ESP is to provide topic understanding while also preparing students to function well in a certain scenario. The purpose of this study is to look into the difficulties and barriers that exist in University of Sindh, Jamshoro, when teaching English for Science. This research provides an analysis of ESP's history as well as effective teaching strategies for ESP courses. Data from 20 English language teachers who have been teaching English have been gathered using a quantitative research methodology. This study looks into the obstacles impacting teachers' performance in public institutions that use e-learning with the goal of making recommendations that are in line with sustainable development. Among the suggestions include making investments in technological infrastructure, working with developers and legislators, and giving technology integration varying degrees of priority based on global needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper draws on Bernstein's educational sociology to illustrate how a language-focused "subversive" pedagogic approach (Martin, 2011) was systematically realised through classroom interactions. While educational inequalities are often addressed at the level of policy and budgets, this paper provides a perspective on inequality and differentiated student outcomes within the classroom. Our research context is Australia, where we have a seemingly intractable gap between mainstream educational outcomes and those of disadvantaged groups. We present a study on how teachers' conscious pedagogic choices worked to support marginalised students. The participatory research focused on a series of science lessons, conducted in a suburban primary school, with a high proportion of students of refugee background. We explain how, in collaboration with teachers, we reframed Bernstein's abstract notions of regulative and instructional discourses into practical, intentional pedagogic strategies. We describe how these strategies were named and implemented, how they became a shared heuristic for the research team, and the empowering effect they had on teachers and students. The study demonstrates the potential of bringing educational and linguistic theories into practice as classroom pedagogic dialogue, with the empowerment of marginalised students in mind. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of computational thinking has become one of the educational priorities in several countries around the world. In this article, two experiences are described in which two block programming tools are used. The first experience only used BlocksCAD, while the second added the use of Blockly and the work on some mathematical algorithms in a maths classroom. The number of participants in the experience was twenty-eight in the group that only used Blocky and thirteen in the group that combined the use of both tools, all of them of the third year of secondary education (between 14 and 15 years old) in a school in Spain. The results show that, although the use of Blocks-CAD alone allows an increase in the development of CT, if other resources such as Blockly are also used in the mathematics classroom, the effect is multiplied. In addition, considering the satisfaction results of the participants in the experience, together with the possibility of printing their own creations through 3D modelling (a fact claimed by the students themselves), this encourages us to continue using both tools and even to try to combine them with other tools and to design experiences that encompass entire academic courses or, at least, entire trimesters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to effectively integrate technology into teaching practice, it is essential to know the different existing integration models for its application, as well as to evaluate the degree of its use in the classroom. The objective of this article was to comprehensively review the application of the SAMR model in teaching practice, as well as the facilities, challenges and application in measuring the level of use of technology during the teaching-learning process. For this purpose, a literature review was conducted, selecting various original and theoretical articles from the Scopus and Web of Science databases published during the years 2017-2023. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The introduction of English language teaching (ELT) at the preschool level has been widely discussed by researchers. While most agree with ELT at preschool level, considerable issues are faced in learning a second, third, or foreign language. Therefore, this systematic review discusses the issues preschool teachers face in implementing ELT and their beliefs on how ELT should be applied to young children. Using three renowned databases, namely Scopus, Web of Science (WoS), and Educational Resources Information Centre (ERIC), 34 articles were extracted out of 85 articles, from 2012 to 2022, with exclusion and inclusion criteria taken into consideration. The findings of this study showcased eight main issues faced by preschool teachers in implementing ELT: English language proficiency, pedagogical skills, teacher perception, curriculum, teaching resources, training, socio-cultural, and classroom environment. In terms of preschool teachers' beliefs about ELT, there are four main issues: Bilingual education, children's characteristics, curriculum alteration, and teachers' experience. Generally, these findings will guide teachers, responsible authorities, and researchers to acquire an overview of the actual issues that occur in the implementation of ELT in preschools as well as the appropriate measures to overcome them, starting from the preschool teachers' beliefs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Being aware of and addressing incivility in educational settings is important not only for providing a positive learning environment but also for shaping the student's behaviour once they enter the workplace. Thus, this study investigated the phenomenon of classroom incivility through the eyes of undergraduate students. The sample consisted of 120 undergraduate students from a public higher educational institution in Klang Valley, Malaysia. The data were analysed using descriptive analysis in Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 21 (SPSS v21). The findings of this study provide useful information to organizations, faculty members, and administrators about the uncivil behaviour that occurs in educational settings. The findings have implications for how faculty and administrators establish policies to guide students towards appropriate behaviour. Some initiatives that can be implemented to reduce classroom incivility include (a) establishing a code of conduct in the classroom outlining acceptable and unacceptable behaviours in the classroom, (b) addressing uncivil behaviours as soon as it begins, and (c) all university members must model good behaviour. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This experiment utilized advanced visualization technology for the delivery of an introductory remote sensing lesson in an undergraduate geography course. Given the numerous immersive visualization solutions available, it is now possible to leverage the capabilities of augmented, mixed, and virtual reality (AR, MR, and VR) technology in a classroom learning environment. For instructors, it is important to understand how advanced visualization technologies can enhance the learning experience and enable greater knowledge retention. To validate the use of an AR sand table/sandbox in a group academic setting, approximately 400 participants were evaluated to assess the impact on students' retention of both foundational and practical remote sensing concepts. This work represents a between-subjects design with two AR sand table experimental groups (instructor sand table interaction, and student sand table interaction) and one control group with no sand table exposure. The use of the AR sand table in a classroom environment was found to improve retention of foundational remote sensing knowledge and elevate the assessment performance for subjects identified as lower performers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Previous studies used curriculum‐based measurement (CBM) maze scores as an indicator of the reading comprehension level of secondary school students with and without special educational needs in multiple grades, pinpointing a high influence of both student‐ and context‐related variables. However, studies on cumulative influence are necessary for better understanding of data‐based decision‐making. Methods: We examined a sample of 1066 secondary school students using four linear mixed‐effect models: How much variance in maze scores exists between multiple student characteristics (i.e., gender, immigration background, learning disability and developmental language disorder) and context variables (i.e., classroom, grade and school type) across Grades 5–8? Results: The intra‐class correlation (ICC) results show that the influence by the context‐related variable classroom (ICC =.094) is almost as large as by the variable grade level (ICC =.126). School type (i.e., inclusive school vs. special school) has the least influence (ICC =.02). In addition, the effects of student‐related variables explain only a small proportion of the variance (marginal R2 =.114). Conclusions: Maze scores can be used as a screening instrument for students with multiple characteristics across grades; they also show that it makes no difference which type of school students attend. As teachers and further classroom‐related variables have almost as much influence as grade level, we discuss that teachers can minimise classroom effects by using maze scores as a formative approach. Highlights: What is already known about this topicCBM maze scores can be used as indicator for reading level as a screening and formative assessment.Individual differences at student and context levels uniquely influence reading.Teachers use maze scores for decision‐making at both an individual student level and a classroom level to prevent reading difficulties. What this paper addsStudent variables only are not sufficient to explain variance in maze scores.The impact on maze score by classroom membership is almost as large as by grade level.The type of secondary school students attend makes no differences in terms of maze scores. Implications for theory, policy or practiceTo explain variance in maze scores, a joint consideration of the influence by student‐ and context‐related variables is necessary.When planning reading instruction, particularly, classroom influences need to be considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined the influence of ego networks on first-year teachers (1YTs) regarding belief persistence, formation, and change. The study employed a mixed methodology of interviews, survey questionnaires, and an ego-centric social network analysis of 1YTs. Findings suggest that 1YTs' beliefs can be influenced by ego networks, with some individuals showing greater influence than others in a network. The ego networks of 1YTs showed varying degrees of stability over the first year, with many networks undergoing structural changes during the first few months of 1YTs' careers. Implications for this research include structuring formal teacher induction programs that encourage interactions between diverse individuals and 1YTs, monitoring structural changes of ego networks during early-career years, and empowering administrators to increase their visibility and interactions with 1YTs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the last decade, policymakers have been experimenting with competency-based education, an instructional reform that relies on flexible pacing to enable students to achieve content mastery at their own pace. In this paper, we draw on mixed-methods data from teacher surveys and interviews to examine the use of flexible instructional pacing in five Michigan school districts implementing competency-based education. While implementing flexible pacing was challenging for all five districts, we identified several promising practices that facilitated flexible pacing in their districts. These included the adoption of school-wide interventions and the ability of teachers to share students across classrooms. These practices resulted from explicit prioritization of flexible pacing in some districts, whereas in others, they occurred somewhat by happenstance. In all cases, structural challenges (e.g., the division of time and space and the allocation of students to individual classrooms) inherent in "the grammar of schooling" impeded some or all efforts to implement flexible pacing. It will be essential to tackle these structural challenges to flexible pacing in future efforts to implement competency-based education reforms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the didactic educational use of Web GIS in the framework of SMART learning and its potential to help students' practice geospatial thinking. Using qualitative, exploratory action research methods, four classroom experiences were designed, developed, implemented, and analyzed. The findings support the claims that the use of Web GIS facilitates geographic knowledge and enhances spatial and digital competencies and skills. Additionally, in line with the SMART framework and perspective on learning, these findings indicate that such classroom approaches promote autonomous learning, is adaptable in diverse settings, and is motivating for students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Generating a visual representation of a concept through drawing has been established as a valuable strategy for improving memory. While this has been demonstrated in both the laboratory and the real world, the findings are mixed in educational settings, perhaps due to variable operationalization of the drawing task. Participants are often provided additional scaffolding for their drawings, including instructions, training, or pre-drawn backgrounds. In the current work, we investigated whether the drawing advantage persists when participants in an introductory university class (N = 145) were permitted to create free-form drawings without additional scaffolding, akin to the technique often studied in the laboratory. In addition, because the effect has only been established at relatively short timescales, we tested whether benefits persist over multiple weeks. In the tutorial sessions of an undergraduate Biology course, we asked participants to either draw or copy a set of definitions for terms derived from the course textbook. One and 3 weeks later we quizzed participants by showing them the definition and asking them to recall the associated term. The evidence indicated not only that there was better recall for drawn than copied items after 1 week (even with no training or scaffolding), but also that this effect persisted after a 3-week delay. Our results establish that no external guidance is necessary for drawing to enhance memory, and that the benefits are robust over time, providing a foundation for further research on the durability of the benefits of drawing in the laboratory and the real world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]