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International journal for research in vocational education and training 9 (2022) 2, S. 167-194, Context: Covid-19 poses major challenges for vocational education and training (VET), as VET—in contrast to general education—is closely linked to the economic system and cannot escape the impact of current economic restrictions. Additionally, strict infection control regulations, as well as temporary school and company closures, inhibit the teaching of practical skills at the workplace. Rapid action by the responsible actors is essential to ensure that VET can take place even under these difficult conditions. It can be assumed that both the complex decision-making processes and the multiplicity of actors involved in collective training systems complicate or delay the reaction to this exogenous shock. Using the example of the German dual training system, this explorative article aims to examine the ability of collective training systems to deal with the challenges posed by the pandemic. Methods: Based on a document analysis, various publications (e.g., press releases, reports) by central actors of the German dual system were reviewed, which provided information about the provision of training activities as well as the measures taken or required to counteract the pandemic-related consequences for dual apprenticeships. This corpus of literature was expanded by scientific studies and publications from national or international institutions related to VET. Following a governance-analytical and actor-centred perspective, the documents were analysed with regard to the indications they provide about the realised coordination of action between the actors, the realised processes and outcomes, as well as the levels affected within the VET system. Findings: The way of dealing with the crisis demonstrates that the German dual system is influenced by the actions of various actors at multiple levels. Actors who are involved in the decision-making processes share common interests, resulting in a strategically bound cooperation among them. However, influence or power from bottom-up seems to be rather limited, as not all of the actors considered in this study are included in essential governance processes. Despite the comprehensive reactions to the pandemic, problems and optimisation needs are also apparent, e.g. with regard to vocational orientation or the support of vocational schools. Conclusion: Despite its complexity, the dual system as a collective training model is capable of acting and adapting to face the challenges posed by the pandemic. This may also be due to the historically entrenched corporatist structures within the dual system: Even in times of crisis, the trust in this historically evolved institutional framework leads to a high degree of accountability and cooperation among the decisive actors. (DIPF/Orig.)

Context: In the present study, we explore what motivates young adults to re-engage with education or employment after a period of non-engagement. Insights into this process facilitate the implementation of tailored support measures for at-risk groups. It is well-known that young people who are not involved in any kind of education, employment, or training face further risks to their professional and psychological development. Methods: Using a grounded theory approach, interviews with young adults from various educational tracks were analyzed, compared, and contrasted. The sample was focused mainly on apprentices in extra-vocational training and professionals working with young people to describe the process of re-engaging in detail (n = 30). Findings: Our analyses suggested that frustrating prior experiences and offers to participate in government-funded vocational training prompted motivation to learn an occupational skillset. Undergoing an apprenticeship enabled young adults to develop the motivation to finish vocational training and to plan on further education.Conclusion: The implications of these results as they pertain to Germany's labor market policies, which foster a sense of individual responsibility to facilitate the achievement of professional success, are discussed. Furthermore, the implications for supporting further educational aspirations when working with young adults are discussed.

Context: Dealing with professional complexity has been of scientific interest in the research field of vocational education and training for decades. So far, there is a lack of empirical evidence regarding how professional complexity finds its way into learning processes in VET. A common option is to model complexity through authentic simulations and/or problem-solving tasks. This study does both: Complex problem-solving tasks are integrated into an authentic office simulation and are expanded to include collaborative elements, using computer-based agents. Collaboration is used to improve learning, but it is also an authentic representation of current work processes, so we ask whether apprentices perform better in the individual or in the collaborative test setting. Methods: To compare skills used for complex problem-solving tasks within an authentic business simulation, the test settings are systematically varied between individual and collaborative test settings. The test environment is a technology-based assessment (TBA). Test tasks reflect a complex professional problem; they are presented in an office simulation, in which apprentices can collaborate with a computer-based agent. Multi-group confirmatory factor analysis is conducted to test for measurement invariance across test settings, and the two-dimensional Rasch-model incorporating between-item multidimensionality with correlated dimensions is used for ability estimation. We also conduct ANOVA tests to determine if there is a statistically significant difference regarding the problem-solving ability between the individual and collaborative test settings. Findings: The study provides various findings: First, collaboration helps apprentices to deal with complexity. Second, to solve complex problem-solving tasks, two bundles of skills are activated: Cognitive and social skills. The two-dimensional construct of skills with correlated dimensions showed better fit than the unidimensional construct. The scalar measurement invariance was established after excluding three items. ANOVA tests confirmed that the collaborative setting enhances the problem-solving ability of learners significantly regarding both, cognitive skills and social skills, with cognitive skills being fostered more. Conclusion: The findings suggest the validation of the two-dimensional construct with cognitive and social skills in economic domains. The results show the effectiveness of collaboration with a computer-based agent. In the practice of vocational training and education, teachers can use digitalized collaborative approaches to enhance learning.

Context: In the last few decades, the constant and exponential changes in the society's consumption of information have increased the awareness of practitioners from the education and training field, on the need for training programs for the enhancement of critical thinking skills and media literacy among students from Initial Vocational Education and Training (IVET) who are less exposed to intellectual trainings than their peers in traditional education pathways. Approach: With this impetus, the present paper reports the results of a mixed methods study evaluating a training program for such competences. Based on a cognitive psychology theoretical framework, the training program consisted in three main techniques through which trainers can work with students in the classroom. N= 35 trainers from five different countries (i.e., Greece, Italy, Spain, Portugal, and the Netherlands) were instructed about the training techniques and implemented them in their training centres. Then, a total of N= 288 students among these countries were involved in the testing of the training, which took place on a duration average of 5 months. Mixed methods approach was used to evaluate the effectiveness and quality of the training. Notably, prospective statistical analysis evaluated the training's impact of the participating students and compared with a control group. Qualitative interviews examined the training's lived experience with a group of students and trainers. Findings: The quantitative and qualitative analysis of pre/post- measures of critical thinking skills and media literacy of the experimental group, and the comparison with the control group, indicate an increase in these competences and confirm the efficacy of the training intervention. Conclusion: These results inform about the usefulness of the training program cross-culturally and the feasibility of training strategies based on cognitive psychology. Moreover, the paper offers a methodological contribution thanks to the proposition of the mixed methods approach for training programs assessment. (DIPF/Orig.)

Context: In this scoping review, we examine the knowledge base concerning positive mental health studies for students in vocational education and training (VET). The VET student population embraces approximately 30-52% of secondary school students in the Nordic countries, and 40% of the global student population. The risk of early school leaving (ESL) is substantially higher in VET than in general education and mental health may be a relevant factor in this matter. Yet, an overview of mental health studies in VET is lacking and therefore, this article aims to map empirical research studies that have explored positive mental health in VET students. The positive mental health framework, with its origin in Antonovsky's (2002) salutogenesis and positive psychology, focuses on factors that promote mental health and wellbeing rather than taking on a pathological perspective. Methods: For our scoping review, we searched four databases, and 19 articles were found eligible for inclusion. These articles were systematically screened by means of a coding scheme to identify the following information: Country of origin of the study, its aim, research design, measures, conceptualization of mental health, and main findings. Results: The evidence suggests that positive mental health is understood as a multifaceted concept, and wellbeing is the dimension that is explored most often, followed by resilience and quality of life. The majority of the included studies used a validated questionnaire to assess various aspects of positive mental health, and most of them sought to explore correlations between different dimensions of positive mental health. Main findings of the studies suggest that a supportive school environment, physical activity, and a strong vocational identity may contribute to positive mental health for students in VET. Furthermore, correlations have also been identified between environmental factors and positive mental health. Finally, findings from the review illustrate how even small-scale interventions may have far-reaching effects, due to the interrelatedness of the different dimensions within the positive mental health construct. Conclusion: Findings from this review illustrate that numerous factors may affect the wellbeing of students in VET. In particular, a strong vocational identity, a supportive school environment, and physical activity may contribute to positive mental health. These findings suggest that VET teachers may promote the wellbeing of their students by providing a supportive psychosocial learning environment at school. (DIPF/Orig.)

Context: Vocational education and training (VET) has become a key issue in today's highly dynamic business, technological and economic environment, with a complex diversity of systems within the European Union. This paper aims to study the implementation of dual VET in Spain, focusing on the working conditions of company tutors in the tourism sector of Andalusia and the Canary Islands.Approach: Dual VET has been implemented in different ways, both between the different autonomous regions and professional areas since it was launched in 2012. In order to analyse these differences, interviews with teachers, head teachers, students and company tutors were carried out, between 2020 and 2021, in centres that had implemented dual vocational education training and centres that had not. The educational programme in dual VET implies a closer collaboration between schools and companies, as both are active training areas; the training objectives are shared between the school and the company. In this study, the company tutor is studied in his or her facet as trainer and assessor; but special emphasis is placed on the characteristics of the tourism sector, given its relevance in understanding the educational processes involved. Three dimensions underpin the analysis: the characteristics of the company tutor, the training and assessment processes implemented and the link that both maintain with the dynamics of tourism companies.Findings: In general terms, the initial assumptions put forward are confirmed. Firstly, the educational centre leads the process, taking the initiative yet without having the conditions of governance and negotiation typical of the Germanic countries from which these vocational education training systems originate. Secondly, the main characteristics of the company tutor are heterogeneity and informality. Thirdly, the contents and methodology are conditioned by the characteristics of the tourism sector. And finally, assessment also follows informal and changing procedures, generating tensions between the educational centre and company.Conclusions: These results give rise to some theoretical reflections. If the education system is an institution based on the principle of equality, it is worth asking to what extent dual VET can alter this principle, as the company adapts some of the contents and learning outcomes to its specific needs. In addition, an important differentiating factor that marks the learning dynamics has been detected: the size of the company. The difference in size may also influence the future prospects of trainees joining the workforce after completion of VET studies.

Context: This study, underpinned by Critical Realism, re-analysed interview data acquired to examine the views and experiences of 4 stakeholder groups involved in the delivery of employer-sponsored pre-registration nursing programmes offered by a UK university in which all students already held an appointment as a non-registrant carer and who completed their placements within a block or integrated practicum framework. The re-analysis focused on the extent to which this interview data aligned with the key propositions of the Theory of Human Relatedness and therefore whether this theory, congruent with assertions based on the results of an earlier realist synthesis, might provide a causative explanation of factors affecting nursing student placement experiences.\ud \ud Methods: Semi-structured, digitally recorded and professionally transcribed interviews, each lasting approximately 30 minutes, were held with a purposive sample of 37, predominantly female, respondents in 4 stakeholder groups involved in employer-sponsored pre-registration nursing programmes. These stakeholder groups were students, employers, mentors, and practice tutors associated with programme provision within 12 healthcare organisations in northern England.\ud \ud Results: Although more modest in some areas, data provides support for every key proposition identified within the Theory of Human Relatedness; suggesting this theory may closely reflect the criteria that stakeholders implicitly employ to evaluate placement models. More respondents in all groups described the block practicum model in ways that suggest it is best able to promote a sense of connectedness, belonging and synchrony for learners. In contrast, an integrated placement design was portrayed in terms that implied it may increase the risk of disconnectedness but might also be more likely to promote reciprocity. Insufficient data was available to identify the perceived effect of either practicum design in respect of enmeshment, parallelism, and mutuality.\ud \ud Conclusion: The results of this research suggest that a block placement may foster more positive relatedness experiences for students and other stakeholders within nursing programmes. Moreover, the extent to which a practicum framework is perceived to promote connectedness, belonging, reciprocity and mutuality, to minimise disconnectedness and enmeshment and to reduce the need for parallelism may underpin stakeholder appraisal of the two practicum frameworks. Little research regarding the effect of placement duration and intensity on student learning within pre-registration healthcare programmes or the application of the Theory of Human Relatedness to practicum experiences, however, has been undertaken to date and such investigation is complicated by inconsistent terminology to describe practicum designs. It is argued that further academic enquiry within both fields should be a priority for healthcare educators; not least because it may provide further insights into curriculum designs capable of reducing student attrition.

Schweizerische Zeitschrift für Bildungswissenschaften 44 (2022) 2, S. 277-290, This contribution examines premature interruption of training (PIT) through the lens of fit between the training and the trainees. To do so, it explores early indicators of PIT and the reasons cited by young people for training interruption. Using quantitative and qualitative approaches, 628 questionnaires were handed out, and 31 semi-structured interviews were conducted. All participants were enrolled in the 2-year apprenticeship leading to a Federal Vocational Education and Training (VET) Certificate, a low-threshold training track in the Swiss VET system. The findings reveal which elements are involved in poor fit and how they may contribute to PIT. (DIPF/Orig.), Dieser Beitrag untersucht vorzeitige Lehrabbrüche im Hinblick auf Eignung von Ausbildung und Auszubildenden. Zu diesem Zweck wurden sowohl Frühindikatoren als auch die von den Jugendlichen angegebenen Gründe für den Abbruch untersucht. Unter Verwendung eines quantitativen und qualitativen Ansatzes wurden 628 Fragebögen ausgeteilt und 31 halbstandardisierte Interviews geführt. Alle Teilnehmerinnen und Teilnehmer befanden sich in der zweijährigen Lehre zum eidgenössischen Berufsattest, einem niederschwelligen Bildungsgang im schweizerischen Berufsbildungssystem. Die Ergebnisse zeigen auf, welche Elemente von einer schlechten Eignung betroffen sind und wie diese zu einem vorzeitigen Lehrabbruch bei tragen können. (DIPF/Orig.)

Nürnberg : Forschungsinstitut Betriebliche Bildung (f-bb) 2022, 147 S. - (f-bb-Bericht; 02/22), Der Abschlussbericht enthält eine zusammenfassende Betrachtung der wesentlichen Erkenntnisse der ersten (01.10.2016 - 31.10.2018), zweiten (01.06.2018 - 29.02.2020) und dritten (01.03.2020 - 31.07.2022) Phase der wissenschaftlichen Begleitung und eine Gesamteinschätzung und -bewertung des Landesprogramms "Zukunftschance assistierte Ausbildung (ZaA)". Mit dem Landesprogramm werden Jugendliche mit schwierigen Ausgangsbedingungen und hohem Förderbedarf durch entsprechende Vorbereitung und intensive sozialpädagogische Begleitung darin unterstützt, erfolgreich eine reguläre Ausbildung zu absolvieren. Die gesetzliche Grundlage bildet das im SGB III verankerte Instrument der „Assistierten Ausbildung". Das Landesprogramm ermöglicht gegenüber dem Regelinstrument u. a. die Einbeziehung weiterer Zielgruppen, einen erweiterten Personalschlüssel und zusätzliche Qualitätssicherungsmaßnahmen. Dies ermöglicht eine besonders engmaschige und individuelle Betreuung der Teilnehmenden. Mit Stand März 2022 haben 444 Jugendliche im Rahmen des Landesprogramms erfolgreich ihren Ausbildungsabschluss absolviert. Mit dem Auslaufen der ESF-Förderperiode 2014-2020 nähert sich auch das Ende des Förderprogramms „Zukunftschance assistierte Ausbildung (ZaA)“. Die Förderung bzw. Begleitung der aktiven Teilnehmenden im Programm in Hinblick auf den erfolgreichen Abschluss einer Ausbildung (und den erfolgreichen Übergang in eine anschließende Beschäftigung) läuft dabei bis zum Ende des individuellen Ausbildungsvertrages weiter. In neuer Form wird das Programm der assistierten Ausbildung bundesweit als flexible assistierte Ausbildung („Asa flex“) weitergeführt. (DIPF/Orig.)

Die Nutzung von Online-Berichtsheften in der beruflichen Ausbildung steigt stetig an und wird aktuell zusätzlich durch eigene Produkte von Kammern gefördert. Das Berichtsheft, in dem Auszubildende sämtliche Ausbildungsinhalte dokumentieren, ist dabei Ausbildungsnachweis und Prüfungszulassung. Es stellt sich die Frage, ob die digitale Erstellung neben administrativen Vorteilen auch für die Auszubildenden selbst die versprochenen Mehrwerte mit sich bringt. 10 Jahren nachdem BLok (Online-Berichtsheft zur Stärkung der Lernortkooperation) als eines der ersten Online-Berichtshefte Einzug in die berufliche Bildungspraxis gehalten hat, wurden im Rahmen von Fallstudien 112 Auszubildende zu ihren ganz persönlichen Erfahrungen mit ihm befragt. Schwerpunkte lagen dabei auf der Analyse der Kontinuität, der Zufriedenheit und des tatsächlich genutzten Funktionsumfangs. Zusätzlich wurde im Sinne der Lernortkooperation der Einbezug der Berufsschule in die Berichtsheftlegung näher betrachtet. (DIPF/Orig.)

Das WZB Vignettenmodul wurde zusätzlich zum regulären Fragebogen des BIBB-Qualifizierungspanel 2014 erhoben. Untersuchungsgegenstand waren Kriterien, nach denen Betriebe ihre zukünftigen Auszubildenden auswählen. Hierzu wurden den Unternehmen jeweils fünf zufällig ausgewählte kurze Beschreibungen von fiktiven Bewerberinnen oder Bewerbern präsentiert, die sich in den Untersuchungsmerkmalen unterscheiden. Das Modul enthält zwei Faktorielle Surveys, von denen eines allgemeine Bewerbermerkmale abdeckt, und das andere auf Bewerber/-innen mit Migrationshintergrund aus Spanien fokussiert, die entweder nach Deutschland kommen möchten, um eine Ausbildung zu beginnen oder in Deutschland geboren und aufgewachsen sind. Die Planung und Umsetzung des Vignettenmoduls erfolgte in enger Zusammenarbeit des Wissenschaftszentrum Berlin (WZB) mit dem BIBB-Qualifizierungspanel.

Context: Providing learners with quality resources at work and school is a key element of apprenticeships and is essential for developing vocational competencies and successful vocational careers. Drawing on previous research on situational and personal resources, we first explored work-related and school-related resource profiles of apprentices’ learning environments. We further analysed how core self-evaluations are linked to resource profiles and examined whether learners’ apprenticeship satisfaction and occupational commitment varied according to the resource profiles. Approach: We used latent profile analysis and multinomial logistic regressions, applying an integrative, person-centred approach. Our data came from the Swiss longitudinal study "Transition from Education to Employment" (TREE). The sample consisted of 1,185 apprentices enrolled in the second year of their apprenticeship. Findings: We found four profiles of situational resources (e.g., instruction quality, climate, learning opportunities, autonomy, and demands) at the two learning locations. The profiles embodied different patterns and levels of situational resources. Two profiles were characterised by overall high or average levels of situational resources at both learning locations; the other two illustrated a stark contrast between the resources provided in the workplace and at school. Learners with higher core self-evaluations were more likely to be in profiles withhigher situational resources. Apprentices in more beneficial profiles were more satisfied with their apprenticeships and more committed to their occupations than those in profiles with lower resources. Conclusion: The results confirm the importance of providing apprentices with challenging, empowering, and supportive learning environments in the workplace and at vocational schools. To support learning and positive career development in apprenticeships, educators should strengthen learners’ core self-evaluations to empower them to shape their learning according to their needs.&nbsp

Purpose: This article investigates female vocational students' strategies for becoming part of a workplace community, what these strategies are and how they are tied to the formation of vocational identities within male-dominated industrial work. Of particular interest is how female students enrolled on Swedish upper secondary industrial programmes experience workplace-based learning at industrial workplaces as part of their vocational education. The theoretical framework derives from Wenger's concept of community of practice, but his theoretical concept does not explicitly include gender dimensions. Therefore, the concept of community of practice is also combined with Paechter's assumption of gender, whereby femininity and masculinity can be considered as different communities of practice. Methods: The article draws on evidence from a Swedish study based on interviews with 20 female students enrolled on the industrial programme at six upper secondary schools. In this vocational programme, there is a distinct gender distribution and only a small minority of the students on the programme are girls. In the analysis, the focus is on the female students' strategies used during workplace-based learning to become part of the work community which consists almost exclusively of male workers.Findings: The female students deliberately negotiated vocational identities as female industrial workers to become accepted in the male-dominated work community. The findings highlight three specific strategies that the female students used: Acting like gender does not matter, acting like boys (not like drama queens), and acting tough and joking around. The female students' strategies were part of – and tied to – a complex vocational identity formation process that featured contradictory requirements. By taking individual responsibility, they identified relevant information for becoming industrial workers and chose to act like boys. The female students saw no problem with being a girl, yet they struggled with implicit, diffuse and hidden gender structures and prejudices in the male-dominated industrial companies. Nevertheless, they strived for what they perceived to be an attractive vocational identity as industrial workers; it was an alternative, atypically feminine way of being that attracted the female students. Conclusions: The study concludes that female students mostly rely on their individual agency when interacting with others in the male-dominated workplace community. A "gendered vocational identity" is formed which shows that the identity formation of female students is a complex double process, in which vocational and gender identities are formed simultaneously and in parallel within the male-dominated workplace.

Ушбу мақолада узлуксиз таълим тизимида “устоз-шогирд” имкониятларининг яратилиши асосан мактабгача таълим муассасалари, умумий ўрта таълим ҳамда олий таълим жараѐнида янги иш бошлаган ѐшларимизга таълим тарбия жараѐнларини сифатли ташкил қилиш ва илмий фаолиятларини самарали давом эттириш масалаларига доир фикрлар баѐн қилинган, There are described cases about originating facilies of “ustoz-shogird” in educational system high-grade creation of processes of the education and upbringing for apprentice teacher and secondary specialized and higher educational system effectiveness in the process of education and providing the regularity of education during the scientific work.

Background: Young people are at heightened risk for mental health problems. Apprenticeships are common pathways into the workforce at a critical developmental period. However, in some cases the working conditions for apprentices present significant challenges to mental wellness. As apprentices are unlikely to utilize traditional services, eHealth and mHealth interventions are a useful means of delivering interventions to this group. The aim of the current paper is to: (1) qualitatively explore the utility of an existing mental health app within an apprentice population; and (2) evaluate the usability, acceptability, feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a modified version of the app (HeadGear Apprentice), designed to reduce depressive symptoms in an apprentice working population. Methods: Study One: Twenty-six apprentices (aged 18-30) took part in one of eight (90-min) focus groups. Participants explored the HeadGear app, took part in group discussions, and completed uMARS questionnaires. Modifications were made to the app based on feedback. Study Two: In the follow-up pilot testing, 47 apprentices downloaded and used the modified app over 30 days. Assessment occurred online at baseline, 5-weeks, and 3-months post-baseline. Feasibility was evaluated using consent rates, adherence and attrition. Acceptability was assessed using questionnaires and a post-study interview. Depression, anxiety, well-being, and work performance scores were used to assess preliminary efficacy. Results: Overall, the app was well-received in both studies, with high self-reported scores for acceptability and utility. However, engagement-both in terms of self-report and adherence-was an issue in both studies. In Study Two, users completed approximately one-third of the app's therapeutic content, with increased usage associated with improved outcomes. This had implications for the preliminary effectiveness of the app [depression as measured by the PHQ-9 Cohen's d = 0.27 (95%CI:-0.16-0.69)]. At follow-up users reported improvements in all outcomes, but overall only change in well-being reached statistical significance [Cohen's d = -0.29 (95%CI:-0.72-0.14)]. Conclusion: Overall, findings from the two studies suggest that an eHealth tool, HeadGear Apprentice, was an acceptable and well-received intervention when adapted to young apprentices. However, questions remain regarding how to improve engagement and adherence to the program. These questions appear critical to effectiveness. The two studies also have implications for awareness raising in this population. Whilst preliminary results were encouraging, these improvements, along with a full-scale efficacy trial, are needed to better understand the utility of smartphone applications for mental health in this population. Trial registration: ACTRN12618001475235 https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=375875&isReview=true.

The aim of my bachelor thesis is to describe the media image of the apprentice education in Czech Republic between years 2005 and 2018. I will describe what was contained in newspaper articles related to the topic in chosen years. First of all I will look up and sort out related articles. Then I will analyse how the apprentice education is presented in major newspaper media. Chosen method of analysing is frame analysis with which one I will be able to qualitatively examine the content of the media image. I will find out context, coherence, impression and results of those articles. Main purpose is an identification of frameworks occurring in the given issue and their sponsors. I will also find out main problems of each framework, their causes and suggested or implied solving of problems in apprentice education.

Es wird zurzeit viel über Schulschließungen, Abi-Prüfungen und Studierende im Digitalmodus gesprochen - wenig hört man zur Situation von Auszubildenden.

Das Forschungsinstitut Betriebliche Bildung (f-bb) evaluierte im Auftrag des Bundesinstituts für Berufsbildung (BIBB) die Umsetzung eines Qualifizierungskonzeptes, mit dem ausbildendes Personal für die spezifischen Herausforderungen der Arbeit mit Auszubildenden mit Flucht- oder anderem Migrationshintergrund sensibilisiert werden sollte. Die Qualifizierung wurde im Zeitraum von Juni bis Dezember 2019 durch zwei Bildungsträger in Hamburg und Wiesbaden durchgeführt. Das Angebot wurde überwiegend von kleinen und mittleren Unternehmen wahrgenommen. Der vorliegende Bericht stellt die Ergebnisse der Evaluation vor. Sie deuten darauf hin, dass die Inhalte dem Bedarf des ausbildenden Personals entsprechen und für die Arbeit mit Auszubildenden mit Migrationshintergrund nützlich sind. Ein stärkerer Überarbeitungsbedarf wurde im Hinblick auf das Zusammenspiel von Präsenz- und Online-Phasen konstatiert. (Autoren)

Owing to the recent recession, the German apprenticeship model is once again praised for smoothing out school-to-work transitions. In line with the social policy shift of favouring education as a key means to combat youth unemployment, European Union (EU) recommendations and German national policies encourage young Southern and Eastern EU citizens to apply for apprenticeship training abroad. Yet, young people wanting to go abroad are not only mobile young people but also immigrants. Given the prevalence of ethnic disparities in the German apprenticeship system, the question arises whether employers would be willing to hire these newcomers. Using a factorial survey experiment, we investigate how employers rate applications from Spanish newcomers compared to those from young immigrant descendants of Spanish origin. The results indicate that newcomers are substantially less preferred than immigrant descendants born in Germany. Employers’ expectations about newcomers’ language skills and employers’ interest in training for their own skilled labour force are key barriers to policies promoting apprenticeships abroad.

The article is devoted to the educational model of the outstanding European thinker of the 7th century, Isidore of Seville, with the principles of the education of the ruler and the class approach to the problem of teaching, with the content of the renovation pedagogy of the episcopal Gispal school of the VI-VIII centuries, its place in the evolution of the formation of Western European education. The article is dedicated to the problem of knowledge reception and work with the textbook during the «Dark Ages» in Visigothic Kingdom. An attempt is made to illustrate the process of reading through the reflection of this process in the creative heritage of Isidore of Seville (VII century). Therefore, our article is devoted to Visigoth Spain in VI-VII centuries, namely the formation of political, legal, moral and value concepts. Especially we pay attention to the image of the ideal ruler in the works of Isidore of Seville, Braulio of Zaragoza. We are trying to determine who should be the ideal ruler, and it is important to political and legal representation of the Visigoths, at a time when their culture reached its climax, absorbing the ancient traditions and world views. Isidor of Seville developed his own system of science independent learning for students, which has not lost its relevance today: a material, given by a tutor for independent learning, must be checked by parts, then each of these parts are translated out loud, and then the most important material was being selected from each part and as a result it is compiled into a student's report. Therefore, the place that Isidor occupies in the culture of his time is a key in the combination of two eras, and his educational program is thoroughly disclosed based on his main “pedagogical” texts.

Der vorliegende Beitrag geht der Frage nach, welche grundlegenden Unterschiede in der Lehrlingsausbildung bei einem Vergleich Österreich - Deutschland festzustellen sind und ob sich diese Differenzen auch in unterschiedlichen PIAAC-Grundkompetenzen widerspiegeln. Die empirischen Ergebnisse fallen überraschend aus: Trotz eines nachteiligen soziokulturellen Hintergrunds und geringerer Vorbildung sind die Personengruppen mit einem Lehrabschluss, welche nur über niedrige Lese- bzw. Alltagsmathematikkompetenzen verfügen, in Österreich signifikant kleiner. Der Zulauf von Personen mit Abitur hat jedoch in den letzten Jahren in Deutschland deutlich zugenommen, was sich auch in einem gehobenen Leistungsniveau bei den Lehrlingen niederschlägt. Da neueste Studien auf die zunehmende Bedeutung ausreichender Grundkompetenzen zum Zwecke anhaltender Beschäftigungsfähigkeit im späteren Erwerbsleben hinweisen, stellt sich die Frage, ob die Lehrlingsausbildung in Österreich ihren - eher kurzfristigen - Fokus bzgl. der Vermittlung von berufsspezifischen Kompetenzen nicht zugunsten einer stärkeren Betonung von zentralen Schlüsselkompetenzen ändern sollte.

Der Vergleich von 15 ausgewählten Lehrberufen in Österreich zeigt erhebliche Differenzen in den untersuchten Kriterien Alter zu Lehrzeitbeginn, Geschlecht, Migrationsstatus, Vorbildung, Ausbildungsträger, Zahl der Lehrlinge am Ausbildungsstandort sowie Ausbildungs- und Arbeitsmarkterfolg. Obwohl dabei noch gar nicht auf die (völlig unterschiedlichen) Ausbildungsinhalte in einzelnen Lehrberufen Bezug genommen wurde, zeigt allein die Analyse der Eingangsvoraussetzungen und Erfolgskennzahlen in den einzelnen ausgewählten Lehrberufen, dass nur in sehr vereinfachender und abstrahierender Form von "der" Lehrlingsausbildung allgemein gesprochen werden kann, auch wenn eine Differenzierung zwischen einzelnen Lehrberufen aus praktischen (Datenverfügbarkeit, Ergebnisdarstellung) und quantitativen Gründen (bei aktuell rund 200 Lehrberufen in Österreich zuzüglich unterschiedlicher Module, Schwerpunkte und Doppellehrberufe) nur selten möglich ist.

In diesem Beitrag werden drei zentrale, aber teils stark vernachl��ssigte Themen der Erziehungswissenschaft theoretisch-konzeptionell sowie empirisch aufgegriffen; a) die Bedeutung des p��dagogischen Ethos, b) die Frage nach dessen situationsspezifischer Artikulation (Situationsbegriff) sowie c) die Berufsbildungsforschung. Mittels einer empirischen Studie mit Berufsbildenden im Kochgewerbe wird anhand von vier sachbezogenen bzw. personenbezogenen Szenarien das p��dagogische Ethos operationalisiert. Die Ergebnisse deuten darauf hin, dass der Kontext sowohl das Entscheidungs- als auch das Begr��ndungshandeln der befragten Berufsbildenden beeinflusst. Des Weiteren zeigt sich, dass sich die erfahrene Herausforderung als auch die Anzahl der Lernenden in den beiden sachbezogenen Szenarien als bedeutsam f��r das p��dagogische Ethos erwiesen. (DIPF/Orig.), In this contribution three relevant, but mostly neglected topics within educational research are addressed theoretical-conceptually as well as empirically. These topics are a) the importance of pedagogical ethos, b) the question of its situation-specific articulation as well as c) research on vocational education and training. By means of an empirical study with vocational in-company trainers in the catering industry, the pedagogical ethos is operationalized based on four content- and person-related scenarios. The results indicate, that context influences the trainers' decisions and their reasoning. More - over, in terms of the content-related scenarios, it was found that challenges experienced by trainers as well as the number of apprentices being supervised influenced pedagogical ethos significantly. (DIPF/Orig.)

Apprentice training in Ireland remains within a state of flux. Although construction output is steady at present with the sector recording growth in excess of 60 percent over the last three years, there remains an alarming discordant issue of a lack of construction skills. In 2017, the largest representative body of construction related firms in Ireland, the Construction Industry Federation (CIF) endorsed a research study of their membership of more than 1,000 firms in an attempt to quantify the level of engagement in training. This study sought to identify the determinants of engagement and the constraints thereof. Findings from the research confirmed employers are predominantly small to medium sized enterprises. Consequently, the key factor determining engagement in training is found to be related to costs. Mechanisms to address this issue are identified herein.

Purpose: A fundamental assumption of the apprenticeship model is that there are benefits to both employers and individual learners. This paper offers a broad conceptual interrogation of an inherent assumption in the apprenticeship model, in that it provides incentives for participation to both individual learners and employers. Approach: This study combines the analysis of literature and available data and draws upon apprenticeship models in ten nations: Australia, Brazil, Denmark, Egypt, England, Finland, Germany, India, Malaysia and South Africa. Findings: For individuals, incentives to undertake apprenticeship may be linked to the process and outcomes of that learning, such as the appeal of learning through doing; the opportunities for occupational socialization; the possibility of progression to employment or to additional education; and learning while earning. The analysis of incentives for employers shows a range of reasons related to their short-term interests and the needs of the production processes, technologies, and associated skills; longer-term benefits for the company’s staffing strategy; and the opportunity to make a contribution to the wider education and economic systems. Despite all the potential incentives, many firms consider apprenticeships too costly, risky, and complex to justify the investment. However, when firms are making decisions under the umbrella of chambers or associations, they are more likely to coordinate their skills investment strategies around collectively beneficial outcomes. Conclusion: The links to the labour market and specifically to employers are a key challenge for sustaining apprenticeship systems, as well as for the task of researching them. As such, policy maker (and researcher) engagement with apprenticeship should account for the capacity and commitment of employers. Another key challenge for apprenticeship is related to the relative attractiveness of this pathway within EandT and labour market system for individuals. What is clear from this study is that the development of a strong apprenticeship system requires the buy-in of both employers and individual learners, and as such the necessity to identify and effectively implement incentives cannot be underestimated. Governments can play a key role in realizing the potential incentives for both employers and learners, thereby yielding benefits of all parties engaged in apprenticeships.

Context: Although the German dual system of vocational education and training makes a major contribution to securing the supply of skilled workers for trade and industry, its function has been under scrutiny for several years. Companies are finding it increasingly difficult to recruit trainees, and increasing numbers of training places are vacant. However, such recruitment problems tend to be concentrated in certain occupations rather than occurring across all sectors equally. This has led to a significant increase in competition among companies seeking to secure the services of trainees in various occupations and calls into question the extent to which such fierce rivalry is reflected in the type of training marketing they conduct. Approach: This paper investigates the training place characteristics companies communicate in their advertisements. Among these characteristics, differences exist in the general conditions of training, requirements for trainees and incentives the companies provide. Latent class analyses were used to investigate the patterns revealed in the training place characteristics and to examine if the frequency with which patterns occur correlates with whether a company is seeking trainees for an occupation with or without recruitment problems and with company size. The analyses were based on data collected from 1,939 small and medium-sized enterprises via standardised telephone interviews conducted at the beginning of 2016. The companies in question had offered training places in one of nine selected dual occupations. Four of the training occupations considered have recruitment problems. There are no recruitment difficulties in the other five.Findings: The single group latent class analysis initially conducted resulted in a model with three latent classes exhibiting clearly differentiated patterns of training place characteristics. As well as focusing on general conditions and the requirements for training, the “aggressive” pattern mainly emphasises the incentives the training place or company offered. The “requirements-oriented” pattern concentrates on the future requirements for trainees. The “basic” pattern communicates only a very few fundamental training place characteristics. A subsequent multi-group latent class analysis revealed evidence that small and medium-sized enterprises offering training are more likely to display an aggressive pattern in occupations with recruitment problems than SMEs providing training in occupations where there are no recruitment difficulties. By the same token, small and medium-sized enterprises with training provisions in occupations with recruitment problems are less likely to exhibit training marketing aligned to the requirements of applicants than firms offering training in occupations without recruitment difficulties, although this is significantly clearer amongst small companies than medium-sized companies. Nevertheless, the class with requirements-oriented marketing constitutes the largest class for all four company groups. Conclusion: The results indicate that conditions in the training market affect the training marketing companies carry out. However, they also show that companies are more likely to use their training marketing to react to recruitment problems that have already occurred rather than take a preventative approach towards such difficulties. For small companies in particular, the limitations in resources available for more elaborate training marketing likely contribute to this approach. Nevertheless, further research is needed to consolidate the outcomes identified here.

Context: This article explores the lived experiences of learners with disabilities who were attending short-term skills-based training programs in Nepal. The research questions addressed were how the learners with disabilities had been experiencing learning with their peers without disabilities and whether the vocational training was inclusive from the perspectives of learners with disabilities. Approach: Based on a phenomenological design, eight learners with disabilities were purposively selected. In-depth interviews were held with the participants. Data were collected in the forms of audiotaped recordings, field notes, and institutional records. The thematic analysis technique was employed to explicate the transcribed data.Results: The results showed that learners with disabilities faced difficulty in commuting to and from the training center. The physical learning environment was insufficiently accessible, and this affected the learning of students with disabilities. Although the learners with physical disabilities had no problem in understanding the subject matter taught in the mainstream classrooms, the learners with visual impairments and those who were with hard of hearing had, at times, difficulty in following their instructors. The learners with disabilities had trouble with socialization and with forming friendships though they had supportive instructors. The participants' statements revealed that the existing inclusion practices were not enough to address the needs of persons with disabilities. However, they viewed inclusion as a much better option to cater to the needs of differently abled people.Conclusion: Inclusive technical and vocational education and training (TVET) is in practice throughout the world. This qualitative research paper has presented the perspectives of learners with disabilities (LWDs) about the inclusive practices in the Nepalese TVET sector. More importantly, this study has given a voice to the LWDs from mainstream vocational training centers in Nepal.

Context: Aiming at gaining knowledge about students' thoughts and actions in deciding to stay in or drop out of an educational programme, an empirical study was conducted on dropout among 18-24-year-old students in VET and basic general adult learning. Approach: In order to pursue this aim, the study combined two sets of data: weekly student surveys and interviews with these same students. While the surveys provide a weekly snapshot of the students' thoughts regarding the probability of them continuing in the programme, their satisfaction with the educational programme as a whole, the specific lessons they attend, and the atmosphere at the school, the interviews contribute with detailed descriptions of the students' thoughts on the same matters.Findings: Based on the students' answers over an eight-week period, it was possible to trace a graph illustrating changes in the students' attitudes. These graphs can be placed within four categories of development: the stable, the positive, the unstable, and the negative. The latter can furthermore be differentiated as reflecting a stable decline, a fluctuating decline, or a sudden decline. In the interviews, the aim was to elicit the individual students' thoughts and actions at the points when their graphs took a turn. Conclusions: The findings show that the students' thoughts and actions concern matters both inside and outside the school. Furthermore, seemingly trivial matters in the students' lives are shown to have a potentially decisive influence on the students' thoughts about staying in or dropping out of a programme. These findings confirm the importance of focusing on students' decision-making processes in research on dropout. However, further research is needed to increase understanding of processes leading to decisions to drop out of education, including the qualification of methods to capture these processes.

Développer sa professionnalité c’est développer des références et des pratiques communes avec une communauté de pratique, mais également avec les personnes qui nous ont précédé dans le métier et qui nous succéderont ; ce que nous résumons en disant que développer sa professionnalité c’est s’intégrer dans une communauté de référence. Cette intégration ne peut se faire que par l’interaction avec des professionnels plus expérimentés dans le cadre d’un apprentissage « sur le tas », ou incident. Dans ce cadre, la relation entre apprenti et tuteur est un point clé des formations professionnelles par alternance. Mais comment accompagner cet apprentissage incident et l’intégration dans une communauté de référence quand la formation professionnelle ne se fait pas par alternance? Nous proposons à cet effet de comparer les dispositifs de tutorat et ceux de parrainage, le second se révélant particulièrement adapté pour les formations professionnelles en voie directe. Le parrainage propose un lieu d’interaction entre l’apprenant et un professionnel expérimenté et à la retraite. Nous présentons dans cet article ce dispositif revisité tel que nous l’avons mis en place à L’Ecole de Guerre, à Paris. Mentoring in vocational training To develop his professionalism, the trainee needs to build some practices and references common with a community of practice, and with every people who have preceded him in this profession and who will succeed him. To develop his professionalism involves to integrate a community of reference (Hess 2009). To join this community, the trainee will interact with an experienced professional. In this context, the relationship between the apprentice and the company tutor is a decisive factor in a dual training. But this relationship cannot be effective when the vocational training isn’t dual, how the trainee can make some informal learning in this case? We present, in this article, a training device which assign to each trainee a mentor, retired professional. This training device was experimented in the war college of Paris. Betreuung und Berufsbildung Eine berufliche Ausbildung ist die Aneignung der Kenntnisse und Fähigkeiten einer Berufsgruppe in Theorie und Praxis. Dies ist gleichzeitig auch ein Austausch zwischen den Vorgängern und denen, die in Zukunft die berufliche Nachfolge antreten werden. Eine Berufsausbildung zu durchlaufen bedeutet folglich, Teil einer Wissensgemeinschaft zu werden. Die Einbindung in eine solche Gemeinschaft kann entweder nach dem Learning-by-Doing Prinzip stattfinden, mittels Interaktion mit erfahrenen Mitarbeitern im Betrieb oder ganz ohne professionelle Anleitung. In einem dualen Ausbildungssystem kommt der Beziehung zwischen einem Ausbilder und einem Lehrling eine Schlüsselrolle zu. Aber wie soll ein eine berufliche Ausbildung und Einbindung in eine Wissensgemeinschaft ablaufen, wenn sie nicht im Rahmen eines dualen Berufsausbildungssystems durchgeführt wird, sondern informell und ohne professionelle Begleitung stattfindet?, bildungsforschung, Nr. 1 (2017): Nous n’avons pas fini d’apprendre! Wir lernen immer weiter!

Das 2008 ins Leben gerufene Projekt „Lehre mit Reifeprüfung“ ermöglicht Lehrlingen in ganz Österreich, bereits während ihrer Lehrzeit eine kostenfreie Berufsreifeprüfung zu absolvieren. Für viele Jugendliche, die zum größten Teil aus Familien mit Lehrabschluss als höchstem Bildungsabschluss der Eltern kommen, ist dies eine wertvolle Möglichkeit für einen Bildungsaufstieg. Für AbbrecherInnen höherer Schulen, die in einer Lehrausbildung stehen, kann das Programm eine Art „Reparaturweg“ bedeuten und eine „Abwärtsmobilität“ verhindern. Der vorliegende Beitrag präsentiert die Ergebnisse einer 2016 durchgeführten Evaluierungsstudie zur Berufsmatura Wien und lässt TeilnehmerInnen von ihren subjektiven Erfahrungen und Einschätzungen berichten. Im Fokus stehen der Bildungshintergrund der Teilnehmenden und die weiteren Bildungs- und Karriereverläufe der AbsolventInnen. Wie der Autor abschließend betont, sind hohe Qualitätsstandards in den Kursen und ein dichtes Betreuungs- und Unterstützungsangebot sehr wichtig, um die Teilnehmenden zu einem erfolgreichen Abschluss ihrer Reifeprüfung zu führen. (DIPF/Orig.), Initiated in 2008, the project “Lehre mit Reifeprüfung” (also called “Berufsmatura” or “Lehre mit Matura”; Apprenticeship with a School-leaving Certificate) permits apprentices throughout Austria to obtain a vocational school-leaving certificate for free during their apprenticeship. For many young people, most of whom come from families in which the highest level of education is a completed apprenticeship, this is a valuable opportunity for educational advancement. For those who have dropped out of higher education and are being educated as apprentices, the programme may amount to a “plan B” and prevent “backward mobility”. This article presents the findings of an evaluation conducted in 2016 on the vocational school-leaving exam in Vienna and lets participants speak about their subjective experiences and assessments. The focus is on the educational background of participants and the subsequent educational and career paths of the certificate holders. As the author shows, high quality standards in the courses and closely coordinated advising and support are very important in order for the participants to pass the exam. Another important factor for the success of the participants is support from the company where they complete their apprenticeship. It appears that the programme “Lehre mit Matura” not only increases social permeability and positive educational mobility but also makes a valuable contribution to promoting female apprentices. (DIPF/Orig.)

Jahrbuch der berufs- und wirtschaftspädagogischen Forschung / Eveline Wittmann, Dietmar Frommberger, Birgit Ziegler (Hrsg.). - 2018; Opladen, Berlin, Toronto : Verlag Barbara Budrich, Jahrbuch der berufs- und wirtschaftspädagogischen Forschung 2018, 39-52 (2018)., Published by Verlag Barbara Budrich, Opladen, Berlin, Toronto

Adult education first started at the beginning of the 20th century when it became mandatory to improve the educational level of the adult trainees and also to train them professionally, culturally and socially (Kokkos, 2005). Especially during the last decades, globalization along with the technological advancements, demands continuous education and training due to the high competition and to the need to improve the economy. Besides that, social reasons urge adult education such as sudden social changes in our contemporary society (migration for financial reasons, social exclusion as a result of unemployment, etc). The adults have unique features and needs which make Adult Education an independent scientific field.

Das Buch zeigt: Lehrbetriebsverbünde haben ein erhöhtes Integrationspotential für ausländische und schulisch schwächere Jugendliche, weil sie deren Chancen auf einen Ausbildungsplatz verbessern und Lehrvertragsauflösungen verhindern. Die Gründe dafür liegen in der im Vergleich zu einzelbetrieblichen Ausbildungen anders organisierten Selektion und Ausbildung: Verbundspezifische Merkmale wie die Rotation und die geteilte Betreuung erhöhen die Capabilities der Lernenden und wirken als institutionelle Konversionsfaktoren. Unterschiede zwischen Verbünden bestehen in Abhängigkeit ihrer Strukturmerkmale Größe und Trägerschaft sowie der damit zusammenhängenden Ausbildungsphilosophie. Letztere führt dazu, dass die institutionellen Konversionsfaktoren unterschiedlich stark wirken. Vier Schweizer Lehrbetriebsverbünde werden in der Studie mit einem Mixed Methods-Design auf der Ebene Lernende, Ausbildungsbetriebe und Leitorganisation des Verbunds untersucht. Zur Interpretation der Daten wurden dabei zwei theoretische Ansätze gewählt: der Capabilities-Ansatz sowie die Soziologie der Konventionen. (DIPF/Verlag)

Many countries with apprenticeship-based systems of VET face a shortage of apprenticeships. Some countries, including Denmark and Norway, address this supply-demand mismatch by offering alternative school-based routes to vocational qualifications for students not able to secure an apprenticeship. Other countries offer no alternative routes, but focus instead on pre-vocational education and training to prepare students for apprenticeships. This paper discusses the effects on the VET system of a recent Norwegian attempt to organise alternative training primarily as workplace training. Unlike the more established Danish system of alternative training, which relies primarily on school-based training in learning centres, Norway has attempted to make alternative training as similar to apprenticeship-based learning as possible. Most training in the pilot projects takes place in the work environment of a company, rather than in vocational schools. Our paper shows that the students in the pilot projects experience many of the learning and motivational benefits offered by workplace learning in general, and apprenticeships in particular. In certain circumstances, such schemes can improve the chances of completing VET despite for young people without an apprenticeship. However, such training schemes also generate important dilemmas. In particular, there is a risk that full-scale implementation of a system of alternative workplace-based training could reduce the number of new apprenticeships, potentially undermining the apprenticeship model on which Norwegian VET is based.

Der vorliegende Sammelband zur gleichnamigen Tagung 2016 thematisiert anhand internationaler Beiträge, welche Unterstützungsangebote für Menschen mit unterschiedlichem Unterstützungsbedarf vorhanden sind und mit welchen Theorie- und Forschungszugängen das Übergangsgeschehen empirisch erfassbar ist. Bildungsbiographische Aspekte werden ebenso behandelt wie die Frage nach Differenzkategorien an Bildungsübergängen. Den gemeinsamen Ausgangspunkt bildet dabei ein intersektionales Verständnis von Inklusion, das neben dem Verhältnis zwischen Behinderung und Nichtbehinderung auch weitere Faktoren sozialer Ungleichheit berücksichtigt und in die Reflexion über Heterogenität in Bildungsübergängen aufnimmt. (DIPF/Orig.)

Der vorliegende Sammelband zur gleichnamigen Tagung 2016 thematisiert anhand internationaler Beiträge, welche Unterstützungsangebote für Menschen mit unterschiedlichem Unterstützungsbedarf vorhanden sind und mit welchen Theorie- und Forschungszugängen das Übergangsgeschehen empirisch erfassbar ist. Bildungsbiographische Aspekte werden ebenso behandelt wie die Frage nach Differenzkategorien an Bildungsübergängen. Den gemeinsamen Ausgangspunkt bildet dabei ein intersektionales Verständnis von Inklusion, das neben dem Verhältnis zwischen Behinderung und Nichtbehinderung auch weitere Faktoren sozialer Ungleichheit berücksichtigt und in die Reflexion über Heterogenität in Bildungsübergängen aufnimmt. (DIPF/Orig.)

Objective: To analyze the social representations of occupational risks involving students in the area of health. Method: Exploratory research with 160 students from nursing, medicine and dentistry, through interviews. The data were processed in ALCESTE 4.8 and lexical analysis done by descending hierarchical classification. Results: In four semantic classes, namely: occupational risks involving students in the area of health, the work environment and occupational risks, exposure to accidents with sharps and adoption of standard precautions as biosecurity measures. Conclusion: Students healthcare represent occupational risks, such as a concern for the prevention of cross infection in the workplace, should both professionals and students of health, adopt standard precautions and biosecurity measures in the environment work.

Seifried, Jürgen [Hrsg.]; Seeber, Susan [Hrsg.]; Ziegler, Birgit [Hrsg.]: Jahrbuch der berufs- und wirtschaftspädagogischen Forschung 2016. Opladen; Berlin ; Toronto : Verlag Barbara Budrich 2016, S. 205-222. - (Schriftenreihe der Sektion Berufs- und Wirtschaftspädagogik der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Erziehungswissenschaft (DGfE)), Die Autoren präsentieren die Ergebnisse einer explorativen Studie zur Beurteilung kaufmännischer Auszubildender in der betrieblichen Praxis. 136 Ausbildungsbetriebe nahmen an der Studie teil, und es zeigt sich, dass die in den Betrieben eingesetzten Beurteilungsbogen primär auf eine Bewertung allgemeiner Arbeitstugenden und sozialer Kompetenzen abstellen. (DIPF/Orig.)

Im österreichischen Bildungswesen sind durchgängig Qualitätssicherungsverfahren und -strukturen etabliert worden, die Ausnahme bestand in der betriebsbasierten Berufsausbildung (abgesehen von der vor externen Prüfenden abgelegten Lehrabschlussprüfung). Nun liefert der 'Erste Österreichische Lehrlingsmonitor' repräsentative Daten zur Weiterentwicklung des Lehrausbildungssystems: Insgesamt nehmen Lehrlinge am Ende der Ausbildung diese mehrheitlich positiv wahr, kritische Bereiche deuten auf eine Schwäche des Gesamtsystems hin oder führen in der betrieblichen Praxis wiederkehrend zu Problemen.

Für das Bundesland Berlin liegen keine aktuellen vergleichenden Untersuchungen zur Zufriedenheit und zum Verbleib von Auszubildenden vor. Wie sich Übergangsprozesse junger Menschen in Berlin gestalten und wie zufrieden Auszubildende zum Ausbildungsende mit ihrer Berufsschule sind, wird auf Basis einer quantitativen Untersuchung an zehn Berliner beruflichen Schulen dargestellt.