Search

This study focuses on how students respond to brain-based learning (the BBL) in History teaching to enhance cognitive, social, reflective, emotional, and physical aspects. The study used a survey-based approach and collected data through questionnaires, interviews, and two-month observations of three participating schools. Findings indicate that the teaching-learning process using the BBL approach helps educators understand students’ different characteristics and build a conducive classroom atmosphere that facilitates cooperation, historical reflection, as well as historical fact memorizing skills. However, it appears that this approach has not addressed students’ emotional intelligence, historical empathy, and stress management. Findings show that the students were still anxious when facing a History test involving a vast amount of data that required them to memorize facts even though they had been provided with training on different memorizing techniques. In addition, the students were not guided to express their feelings about a particular historical phenomenon. Keywords: brain, history, learning, memorizing, textbook.

In the current pandemic period, every formal education institution needs to update its digital learning process and design a curriculum that is relevant to the needs of today's and next generation. Leaders have to overcome these challenges before they can empower individuals to become technology users who will be able to apply multiple technologies. This study aims to identify digital leadership processes used by leaders in higher education to lead to increased effective learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study collected data using a qualitative research design with semi-structured interviews and data analysis using the six phases of Braun and Clark. Our study involved 24 respondents according to preselected criteria, and they were divided into four categories: rectors, deans, junior high school principals, and senior high school principals. The results of this study's findings can be implemented to support various stages of educational program development from the educational technology adoption cycle and promote e-leadership initiatives during the COVID-19 outbreak.

This study discusses students’ responses and perceptions on the e-book of Local History of West Java (Indonesia) developed by the researchers. It uses a Research and Development approach and experimental method. Data collection techniques used in this study are observation, interviews, and focus group discussions with interactive model data analysis. The research subjects were students and teachers of high schools in West Java. They were taken as the subjects as they can represent the region. The History E-book is, however, published on ebooksejarah.id page while the system was developed by using SDLC (Software Development Life Cycle) Waterfall model. The results of the study indicate that the components of the e-book on the aspects of the materials, presentation, and completeness are overall suitable to be used by students. The materials are considered to be still inapplicable and not contextual. Further, they are still lack of latest issues as well as photos/illustrations. The study of student responses on the e-book reinforces that the zoomers (those belong to Generation Z) prefer to digital learning media because their social life belongs to the online world. Local history e-books should better adapt to the learning style of Generation Z, who prefer visuals and hands-on experiences to reading texts. Thus, e-book development needs to be equipped with various learning media in short audios and video explainers, animations, and infographics.

This study aims to determine the effect of liquidity ratios on changes in earnings at PT Akasha Wira Internasional Tbk listed on the Indonesian stock exchange (BEI). In this study, the company's liquidity ratio is measured by the Curren ratio and the Quick Ratio. The population in this study is the company PT. Akasha Wira Internasional Tbk which was listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the 2006-2019 period. The sample of this study was used 10 years starting from 2010-2019 taken using purposive sampling method. data analysis used to test the hypothesis is to use multiple linear regression analysis techniques. From the research results, it was found that the results of the t test partially Current Ratio had no effect on changes in earnings as evidenced by a significant value of 0.678> 0.05, while the significant value of the Quick Ratio was 0.222> 0.05. This proves that the current ratio and quick ratio have no significant effect on changes in earnings. it can be concluded that the current ratio and quick ratio simultaneously do not have a significant effect on changes in earnings. The results of this study are in line with Gunawan and Wahyuni ??(2013). Keywords: Current Ratio, Quick Ratio, Profit Changes

PT. Pelabuhan Indonesia IV (Persero) is a state-owned company (BUMN) engaged in port services that provides port facilities and infrastructure in order to support the smooth flow of ships, passenger transportation, and delivery of goods. This study aims to determine the effect of Service Quality on Service User Satisfaction at PT. Pelabuhan Indonesia IV, Makassar Container Terminal Branch. The population in the study at PT. Pelabuhan Indonesia IV (Persero) Makassar Container Terminal Branch 220 Espedisi, namely from the many expeditions that use the services of PT Pelabuhan Indonesia IV (Persero) Makassar Container Terminal Branch. The number of samples is 69 from the existing population. Determination of the number of samples in this study using the Sloving formula. Multiple Linear Regression Analysis Method with a quantitative approach. The results showed that reliability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy, tangible, simultaneously affect service user satisfaction. Meanwhile, through partial, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy, tangible all have a positive effect, but only responsiveness and empathy have a significant effect.

In vitro antibacterial activity of some organotin(IV) chlorobenzoates including diphenyltin(IV) o-, m-, p-dichlorobenzoate (2, 3, 4) and triphenyltin(IV) o-, m-, p-chlorobenzoate (6, 7, 8) against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli was studied. The compounds were synthesized by the reaction of diphenyltin(IV) dihydroxide (1) and triphenyltin(IV) hydroxide (5) with o-, m-, p-chlorobenzoic acid in a maximum refluxed time of 4 h using methanol as the solvent of the reaction. The antibacterial activity tests were performed using the diffusion and dilution methods with chloramphenicol and methanol were used as a positive and a negative control, respectively. The antibacterial activity was determined by measuring the diameter of the inhibition zone in each test. The results showed that all compounds synthesized were active against S. aureus, where the largest inhibition zone diameter was observed to be > 16 mm for triphenyltin(IV) o-chlorobenzoate (6) with its smallest concentration of 300 ppm (5.935 x 10-4 M), however, none of the organotin(IV) chlorobenzoates synthesized has activity against E. coli.

Moral development is the most important thing in education, including in pesantren-based educational institutions. Moral development will be carried out properly if it is carried out in a planned and programmed manner. Moral Development Management for Students Through Extracurricular Activities in Islamic Boarding Schools is one of the best solutions in realizing commendable student morals. This research was conducted to see the extent to which moral development was carried out at Al-Amin Middle School and Al-Ittihad Middle School Cianjur. The theory that forms the basis of the research is the management theory of POAC, TQM, and Six Life Value Systems. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach. The research findings show that: (1) The management of the moral development program through extracurricular activities is based on the commitment of teachers, parents, and program implementation. (2) The implementation of the moral development program is the most basic principle and serves as a differentiator for the progress and decline of the quality of SMP. This conformity shows that in practice the moral development program through extracurricular activities has not been carried out according to process standards. (3) Evaluation of activities and problems encountered through monitoring and evaluation of the process and achievement of SMP institution development goals. (4) In general, the inhibiting factors in program development, such as curriculum, budget allocation, facilities, and infrastructure. (5) Improvement Efforts, solving problems in quality improvement, one of which is by holding FGD (Focus Group Discussion), workshops, and others.

This study aims to describe how the educational level of investors influences their understanding of financial literacy and its effect on investment decision making in capital markets. The method used in this research is quantitative descriptive. Data collection was conducted from 7 January to 7 February 2020, by distributing questionnaires to investors who were members of PT Bursa Efek Indonesia. The sample in this study amounted to 108 investors. The research findings show that the level of investor knowledge regarding financial literacy is high. There is a significant correlation between the investor education level and their understanding of financial literacy, thus influencing investors in the financial decisions they make. It can be concluded that, for investment decision making in capital markets, knowledge of financial literacy is necessary. Therefore, to increase investor understanding of various levels of education on financial literacy in the capital market, education, and training on financial literacy as sustainable capital is required.

Increasing wildlife awareness is a commonly used approach in community conservations programs. However, in Indonesia, this approach has rarely been quantitatively evaluated for its effectiveness. I...

This study aims to find the effect of district health spending on disease rates namely dengue fever, diarrhea, and tuberculosis in 130 districts in Sumatra Island in 2016. A quantitative approach with 3 multiple linear regression (MLR) methods that employ robust standard errors is used for this study. The study finds that district health spending reduces the number of dengue fever, diarrhea, and tuberculosis, but not significantly. This condition can be caused by the inefficient use of district health expenditure. This study finds the number of health centers has negative and significant effect on the number of dengue fever, diarrhea, and tuberculosis. Conversely, population and population density have a positive and significant effect on dengue fever, diarrhea, and tuberculosis. Economic losses due to diseases like dengue fever, diarrhea, and tuberculosis are very high. Therefore, the government must use effective and various policies to overcome the problem of existing diseases, one of which is to improve the efficiency of using the health budget. The government should also control birth rates to reduce population growth and encourage transmigration to reduce population density.

The Lombok earthquake in July 2018 caused considerable damage to public facilities and residential areas. Most of the houses in the north of the island of Lombok were damaged by the 6.9 magnitude earthquake. We want to know what parameters cause houses and buildings in North Lombok not to experience a severe liquefaction process. We used near-surface tomographic resistivity imaging to characterize the subsurface of North Lombok to map the subsurface of the most affected areas in North Lombok. The geological condition of northern Lombok is the most vulnerable area to liquefaction due to volcanic loose sand layers, shallow groundwater, and thick deposits. However, almost all subsurface images from resistivity tomography from North Lombok show limestone layers at shallow depths, which may play an important role as a protective layer from liquefaction phenomena in this area.

In general, hybrid rice has a significant advantage over inbred rice, such as higher yields, more competitive harvesting, wider, shorter plant life, wider photosynthetic area, lower respiratory intensity and higher assimilation translocation . Although in Indonesia hybrid rice has been popularized since 1983, but the empirical facts show that few farmers are adopting new technology in this field of seed, although the price of production is more expensive than the price of the rice product inbrid. Therefore, this paper explains the following matters: 1) Socio-economic factors that influence farmers' decision to plant hybrid rice OPTIMA, 2) Level of profit of hybrid rice farming OPTIMA, and 3) Cost efficiency level of rice farming hybrid OPTIMA. The research method used is descriptive method of quantitative and qualitative techniques where census data information collected includes primary data and secondary data. The population in this research is farmers of hybrid rice varieties of OPTIMA in Banyuwangi. Data analysis techniques used are probability probability analysis of probit model function, cost efficiency analysis, and profit. Simultaneously there are several factors that are expected to significantly influence farmers' decision to plant hybrid rice optima at a 1% significance level. But partially only factor of production amount which have no significant effect to dependent variable (Farmer's Decision, while variable of output price and farmer perception about hybrid varieties of Optima hybrid is significant effect) Farm profit rate during second rainy season and drought in year 2013/2014 reach IDR 9.61.992,06 per hectare with average production of 5,9 tons and the farming efficiency level reached 1,5 or has reached the point of technical efficiency.

Covid-19 is a virus that was first discovered in China, which has the impact of mild and severe respiratory infections such as pneumonia. Pneumonia is inflammation and consolidation of lung tissue due to infectious agents. Generally pneumonia has a high mortality rate, as do Covid-19 patients. For now, it is very difficult to distinguish between Pneumonia and Covid-19, due to the high similarity of X-Ray image results. The high similarity has an impact on the difficulty of difference between Pneumonia and Covid-19 patients. This research aims to be able to different Pneumonia and Covid-19 patients based on texture analysis of the Gray Level Co-Occurrence Matrix using Modified k-Nearest Neighbour as a classifier. The calculations used in the Gray Level Co-Occurrence Matrix method are Contrast, Correlation, Energy, and Homogeneity which will be input for the Modified k-Nearest Neighbour classifier. The results showed that the highest accuracy is when the value of K = 3 using Manhattan Distance and 80%:20% data percentage, which is 87.5%. For the values of K = 7 and K = 9 there is no change in accuracy, so it can be concluded that the value of K that affects accuracy only occurs at the values of K = 3 and K = 5. Then, the higher the K value, the lower the resulting accuracy.

Additional file 1. General Health Questionnaire: List of all 28 GHQ questions and the subscales.

Every staff are stressed at work. Organizational interventions were more effective if they improve management including the organization must be paid attention to all nurse. Nurses’ job stress is one of the factors which influence competitiveness among hospitals. Some factors which directly influence nurses’ job stress are the level of work to family conflict, and work motivation. The objective of this research was to find out and to analyze the influence of work to family conflict and motivation on nurses’ job stress at Wulan Windi Hospital. The research used descriptive quantitative and explanatory research method. The population was 54 nurses at Wulan Windi Hospital, and 43 of them were used as the samples, taken by using purposive sampling technique. The number of samples was based on the criteria: the respondents had been married and had children. The data were gathered by conducting interviews, questionnaires, and documentary study. Interval scale was used for measuring scales and the data were analyzed by using multiple linear regression analysis, while residual test and interaction test were used for moderating variable. The result of the research, in the first hypothesis, showed that, partially, work to family conflict had positive but significant influence on nurse’ job stress . The result of the second hypothesis showed that, partially, motivation had negative and significant influence on nurses’ job stress. The result of the third hypothesis showed that work to family conflict and motivation had significant influence on nurses’ job stress. Keywords: Work to Family Conflict, Work Motivation, Nurses’ Job Stress

This study aims to identify the cost, revenue, and income of soybean farming, identify the feasibility of soybean farming, identify the breakeven point and change the break-even point due to changes in selling prices in Jatiwaras District, Tasikmalaya Regency. The method used in this study is a survey method, while the data used consists of primary data and secondary data. Determination of sample farmers using the Two Stage Cluster Random Sampling method, with a sample size of 65 people with a proportion of 27 farmers in paddy fields and 38 farmers in land, from a population of soybean farmers as many as 185 people. The results of this study indicate that the cost of soybean farming per hectare in paddy fields is Rp. 5,896,896.90 with receipts of Rp 8,478,139.53 and income of Rp. 2,581,242.63, while the cost of soybean farming per hectare on land is Rp. 4,163,487.48 with receipts of 8,342,774.57 and income of Rp. 4,179,287.09. Soybean farming in land is more feasible to be cultivated with an R / C value of 2.01 while the R / C value in paddy fields is 1.45. Minimum acceptance received by farmers from soybean farming so as not to lose in one planting season of Rp. 63,911.14 in paddy fields and Rp. 668,378.02 in land, the minimum production volume received by farmers from soybean farming so as not to lose in one planting season is 10.65 Kg in paddy fields and 111.40 Kg in land and minimum land area that must be processed by farmers so that no loss in one planting season of 0.01 ha in paddy fields and 0.08 ha on land. Decrease in output price of Rp. 1,000.00 (16.67%) causes the minimum acceptance received by farmers from soybean farming so as not to lose in one planting season of Rp. 100,196.38 in paddy fields and Rp. 767,384.61 on land. The margin value of safety on soybean farming is 90.53 in wetland and 82.40 in land area

The unique identification of children is crucial for information technology supported vaccine delivery to the unprivileged population of third world countries. New robust image matching algorithms are required to match two ear photographs taken under nonstandard real-world conditions such as the presence of unwanted background objects in the photographs. This paper applies stochastic fuzzy models to the robust matching of ear images. The local features of the image regions are extracted using a “force-field-like” transformation. The extracted features of an image region are modeled by a stochastic fuzzy system. A region of an image is matched to a region of another image by matching the features of an image’s region with the model of another image’s region. As the model is fuzzy as well as stochastic, a robust matching of features’ data to a model is facilitated by handling any uncertainties arising from fuzziness and randomness of the image features. The study introduces an information-theoretic index for measuring the degree of matching between image features and a model of the features. Several experiments are performed on a database of 750 ear-photographs of children (0–6 years) to justify the novel stochastic fuzzy image matching method.

Less waste in the activity of the aquaponics system implemented most as an innovative hobby that have given another benefit such as food security and sovereignty achievement at least by themselves, in addition to economically and health of the family in the household as well. This research aimed to know food security created by aquaponics in urban agriculture development strategy. The research methodused SWOT and IE Matric Analysis. The result showed that there are some priority strategies such as upgrade any skill and knowledge deal with aquaponics, socialize system benefit, increase aquaponics yield consumption and consumer expendable, implement the food health by aquaponics system, upgrade smart agribusiness capacity to enhance distribution access, and procure lower start-up cost.

PT.GMF AeroAsia in its development has an environmental impact analysis that considers the remaining spare parts so as not to overdo it. The achievement of the Key Performance Indicator (KPI) and the accuracy of the System Application and Product (SAP) are the research objectives by knowing the factors that cause the occurrence of spare parts that have been installed in the aircraft not recorded in the System Application and Product (SAP) and the efforts that can be made to achieve standard Key Performance Indicator. The method used in this research is descriptive quantitative method. The analysis tool used is Fishbone and analysis of 5W + 1H. The research data used is secondary data for 6 months (January to June 2017). The population in this research is the data of spare parts report waiting to be used (WTU) in 2016 until 2017. The sample in this research is the data of material waiting to be used report for six months from January to June. In the Pareto Diagram it was found that the most cause was due to the Robbing Material process. In the Fishbone Diagram, the main cause was found because it was not aware of the importance of updating data in the System Application and Product. The results obtained were by increasing discipline in updating the System Application and Product with the Reward and Punishment schemesaims.

Tuberculosis is a disease of global concern. By 2015 six countries contributing to 60% of the global total are India, Indonesia, China, Nigeria, Pakistan and South Africa. China, India and Indonesia alone accounted for 45% of cases in the world.The World Health Organization (WHO)has recommended the Directly Observed Treatment Shortcourse (DOTS) strategy for TB control by involving Drug Supervisors (PMO). It aims to achieve patient recovery, prevent transmission, and avoid drug resistant cases. This study aims to determine the relation between the roles of treatment observers (PMO) with the success of tuberculosis treatment at community health center of Johar Baru Central Jakarta in 2016.This research was conducted by Cross-Sectional non-experimental quantitative method. Population and sample are the patient of adult pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis at community health center of Johar Baru Central Jakarta in 2016. Samples are selected by using Simple Random Sampling. The data were collected by interview using questionnaire. Data analysis using SPSS with Chi-Square test.There were 45 respondents (80,4%) succeed in TB treatment and respondent with PMO roles category were 40 (71,4%). Result of statistical test using Chi-Square test obtained P value = 1,000 (> 0,05).There is no relation between the roles of treatment observers (PMO) with the success of tuberculosis treatment at community health center of Johar Baru Central Jakarta in 2016.

Dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) technique in optical communication was used to improve the system performance combined several channels in a transmission line especially for long-haul optical link, but the presence of dispersion limited the system performance. The Dispersion, one of the distortion in optical communication system, influenced the performance of dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) by limiting the bandwidth capacity, so the DWDM system required a tool to compress the effect of dispersion. This works aimed to analyse performance of the DWDM systems using the bit error rate (BER) and Q-factor parameter that implemented the symmetrical DCF to compress the dispersion effect. Observation were made on a model of 16-channel DWDM with bitrate 40 Gbps, over 1050 km optical link with channel spacing 100 GHz. The DWDM system was design using two DCF configurations and Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) to regenerate the optical signal. The system performance was observed with optical power launch variations of 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 dBm and variations in the DCF scheme (type-A and type-B). Based on results, Type-A performance is slightly better in terms of Q-factor than the B-type scheme. Based on BER value, both type-A and type-B performance have equivalence value. In conclusion, the different scheme for DCF placement to compensate the dispersion effect in DWDM shows the equal performance.

Physalis angulata has identified by molecular phylogenetic analysis and the results showed genetically close related with an anticancer plant, Withania somnifera. The aims of this preliminary study was to evaluate cytotoxicity effects of leaf extract of P. angulata (LEP) either in powder or pasta form on cells viability, cells proliferation, and inhibition on human ovary cancer cell lines (SKOV3) and human blood cancer cell lines (HL60). Cytotoxicity effects was analysed by MTS Cell Proliferation Assay Kit. Doxorubicin was used as positive control in this experiment. Surprisingly, two treatments (powder and pasta) have different toxic effects. We found that IC50 and viability (LC50) for SKOV3 cell lines for powder was between 93 ug/ml and 187 ug/ml, and 187 ug/ml and 375 ug/ml for pasta. IC50 for HL60 cell lines was 23 ug/ml for powder and around 18 ug/ml for pasta. Cell viability (LC50) of HL60 treated with LEP showed that 23 ug/ml for powder or 46 ug/ml for pasta. These results suggested that LEP have antiproliferative and inhibition activities both on SKOV3 or HL60.

This paper reports the potency study of organotin(IV) 3-nitrobenzoate as antimalarial agent. The organotin(IV) 3-nitrobenzoate compounds were synthesized by reacting the intermediate products dibutyltin(IV) oxide, diphenyltin(IV) dihydroxide and triphenyltin(IV) hydroxide, with 3-nitrobenzoic acid. The antimalarial activity study was performed against Plasmodium falcifarum and the result of IC50 of the three compounds tested, i.e. dibutyltin(IV) di-3-nitrobenzoate, diphenyltinIV) di-3-nitrobenzoate and triphenyltin(IV) 3-nitrobenzoate were 8.1 x 10−3, 5.2 x 10−2 and 7.2 x 10−3 µg/mL, respectively, while the the chloroquine gave IC50 2 x 10−3 µg/mL). The IC50 of the compounds tested were little bit higher than the positive control, however these organotin(IV) compounds synthesized are not resistent to Plasmodium, thus the possible development as antimalarial agent is widely opened.

This paper deals with short review about the application of organotin(IV) compounds. The discovery of bacterial resistance to antibiotics drew the attention of chemists to discover new types of chemical compounds that have the antibacterial activity to overcome the resistance. Increased antibiotic resistance is a consequence of the evolution and adaptation of microbes, caused by excessive anthropogenic antibiotic consumption. Increased cases of bacterial resistance will be a bigger problem if not treated with the discovery of new antibiotics. The discovery of medicinal chemicals may contribute to the advancement of treatment, especially antibiotic resistant. Organotin(IV) compounds are part of organometallic compounds that have been studied their pharmacological effects on several types of bacteria. The derivatives of organotin(IV) benzoate compounds proven to have biological activity against some types of bacteria. The type and structure of the ligand in the compound derivative of organotin(IV) benzoate gives the influence of different biological activity against bacteria.

Digital Dictionary of Computer and Network Engineering can be used in the learning process of computer and nerwork enginering students. Dictionaries are generally book-shaped is hard to carry because of their thick and heavy, now can be accessed anywhere by development of web technology. Digital dictionaries can be accessed through computers, laptops dan cellphones, this is make student easily in learning process. The digital dictionary can not only be used by students of computer and network engineering, but can also by general public, as long as you have an internet connection, anyone can be use this digital dictionaries. The main process in this digital dictionary is the search process. Binary search algorithm used in the search process of binary search algoritm. Binary search algoritm search is applied to word search in this digital dictionary, because this algoritm is intended for sequintal data. Program language that will be used to build this digital dictionary is PHP and MySQL.

Ultraviolet-C (UV-C 254 nm) light is a possible alternative for chemical disinfection of fresh fruits. However, studies on the influence of surface characteristics on the kinetics of UV-C inactivation of microorganisms on fruits are limited. In this study, UV-C inactivation of generic Escherichia coli (ATCC 23716), a nonpathogenic surrogate strain for E. coli O157:H7, was inoculated onto the skin surface intact pear, pear with surface wounds, and the skin surface of intact peach. Disc shaped (0.057 m diameter × 0.01 m height) fruit surface were exposed at room temperature to UV-C light ranging from 0 to 7.56 ± 0.52 kJ/m2 and microbial inactivation kinetics was determined. Maximum reductions of 3.70 ± 0.125 log CFU/g were achieved for E. coli on intact pear surfaces (P

When multiple durations are generated by a single unit, they may be related in a way that is not fully captured by the regressors. The omitted unit-specific variables might vary over the durations. They might also be correlated with the variables in the regression component. The authors propose an estimator that responds to these concerns and develop a specification test for detecting unobserved unit-specific effects. Data from Malaysia reveal that concentration of child mortality in some families is imperfectly explained by observed explanatory variables, and that failure to control for unobserved heterogeneity seriously biases the parameter estimates.

During the summer of 1853, New Orleans experienced one of the worst epidemics in the history of the United States. Immigrants accounted for a vast majority of the deaths. In this paper, we analyze differential mortality risk from yellow fever using microdata form interment records. Using a logit model, we sort out the influence of demographic and socioeconomic factors on mortality risk. We establish that the strong relationship between nativity and yellow fever mortality disappears once we control for poverty status and immunization as measured by duration of residence in New Orleans.

This article offers an overview of aggregate migration flows in Turkey during 1963-73 and then develops models for explaining the qualitative and quantitative importance of various factors behind migration and remigration during 1963-73. The framework is based on the economic theories of migration that view geographic mobility as a response to differential earning opportunities distributed over time and across space. The analysis accounts for the impact of regional and macroeconomic variables on migration status while controlling for personal characteristics including migration history. The model uses a discrete choice formulation that accounts for consideration of remigration at the time of the initial migration decision. Migration status is assessed at the province district and village levels over 5- and 10-year intervals. The author uses six different definitions of migration. During 1950-80 Turkey experienced rapid urbanization and migration from economically backward areas to more dynamic areas usually in the western region. Data for the study were obtained from a sample of household heads from the male survey portion of the 1973 retrospective Survey of the Structure of Population and Population Problems. Findings indicate that undesirable work conditions in the sending area such as limited job opportunities lack of job-related security and unemployment plus human capital variables had a strong impact on the migration decision. The main finding is that regional and macroeconomic variables had a significant impact when individual heterogeneity was controlled for. It is argued that policy variables can reverse the impact of economic variables only by inducing extreme changes in the human capital variables. Migration policies should be directed at changing broad regional economic structures. Findings varied with the definition of migration and time. Results improved by distinguishing between return migrants and repeat migrants.

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between school principals’ instructional leadership and collaborative culture in schools. The study was conducted using a cross-sectional survey with a sample of 382 teachers. The data were collected through the Principal Instructional Management Rating Scale (PIMRS) and the School Culture Survey. Multiple regression analysis was used to estimate relationships among the variables. The study findings indicate that instructional leadership practices were significantly and positively related to collaborative culture in schools. The findings are discussed according to the related literature, and suggestions are made for policy and practice.

06.03.2018 tarihli ve 30352 sayılı Resmi Gazetede yayımlanan “Yükseköğretim Kanunu İle Bazı Kanun Ve Kanun Hükmünde Kararnamelerde Değişiklik Yapılması Hakkında Kanun” ile 18.06.2018 tarihli “Lisansüstü Tezlerin Elektronik Ortamda Toplanması, Düzenlenmesi ve Erişime Açılmasına İlişkin Yönerge” gereğince tam metin erişime açılmıştır. İlk çağlardan beri insanlar bir arada yaşama ve medeniyet kurma eğilimindedir. Medeniyetlere baktığımızda ise medeniyetini çağının ilerisine taşıyabilen toplumlar diğer toplumları ya yönetmiş ya da onları etkilemişlerdir. Bunu yaparken de teknolojiyi, sanatı, bilimi üretecek nitelikli insan yetiştirmeyi başarmışlardır. Bu kapsamda yerleşmiş köklü bir eğitim anlayışı olan bu toplumların bilim, sanat, müzik, siyasi ve askeri alanlarda eşsiz bireyler yetiştirdikleri görülmüştür. Bu eşsiz bireylerin çoğu üstün yetenekli diyebileceğimiz çocuklardan çıkmaktadır. Bu bağlamda üstün yeteneklilerin iyi yetiştirilmesi gerekliliği toplumların ortak konusu olmaktadır. Literatüre baktığımızda Türkiye'de üstün yetenekli öğrencilerin eğitimleri üzerine birçok araştırma vardır. Ancak hiçbir araştırmada üstün yeteneklilere ulusal insan kaynaklarının geliştirilmesi bağlamında bakılmamıştır ve üstün yeteneklilerin eğitim aldığı Bilim ve Sanat Merkezlerinden mezun olan çocuklarla ilgili herhangi bir araştırma yoktur. Bu çalışmada Türkiye'deki üstün yetenekli çocukların eğitimi ulusal insan kaynaklarının geliştirilmesi bağlamında ele alınmıştır. Üstün yetenekli çocukların eğitimlerine BİLSEM'ler bağlamında paydaşların perspektifinden bir değerlendirme yapılmıştır. Çalışma nitel bir durum çalışmasıdır. Açık uçlu anletlerle ulaşılan verilerin analizinde NVIVO Pro 12 nitel veri analizi yazılım programı kullanılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda ülkemizde zorunlu eğitim çağının dışına çıktıktan sonra üstün yetenekliler ile ilgili herhangi bir devlet politikasının olmadığı görülmektedir. Toplumun fark yaratacak insan kaynağı olan üstün yetenekli çocuklar lise eğitimine kadar bir programa tabidir. Yüksek öğrenim ve istihdamlarına ilişkin bir çalışmaya rastlanmamıştır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Yetenek, Üstün Yetenek, Zeka, Üstün Zeka, BİLSEM. From the earliest times people tend to live together and establish civilization. When we look at civilizations, societies that can carry civilization beyond their age have ruled or influenced other societies. In doing so, they have managed to raise qualified people who will produce technology, art and science. In this context, it is seen that these societies, which have a deep-rooted educational understanding, have produced unique individuals in science, art, music, political and military fields. Most of these unique individuals come out of the children we can call gifted. In this context, the necessity of good education of gifted people becomes a common subject of societies. When we look at the literature in Turkey, there are many research on the education of gifted students. However, no research has been conducted in the context of the development of national human resources for gifted persons, and there is no research on children who graduate from the Science and Art Centers where the gifted are educated. The education of gifted children in Turkey in the study are discussed in the context of the development of national human resources. An evaluation was made from the stakeholders' perspective in the context of BILSEMs for the education of gifted children. The study is a qualitative case study. NVIVO Pro 12 qualitative data analysis software program was used to analyze the data obtained through open-ended surveys. As a result of the study, it is seen that there is no state policy in relation to the gifted people after being out of the compulsory education age in our country. The gifted people who make a difference to the society are subject to a program of high school education. No study on higher education and employment was found. Keywords: Ability, Giftedness, Intelligence, Intelligence, BILSEM.

PurposeThis study aims to explore the relationship between authoritarian leadership and commitment and the mediating roles of silence and trust in school principals.Design/methodology/approachThis study employed a cross-sectional design to illustrate the relationships among authoritarian leadership, trust in the principal, silence and affective commitment using path analysis evidence provided by 409 K–12 teachers.FindingsThe findings revealed that authoritarian leadership indirectly affected teacher commitment through trust in the principal and acquiescent silence. Furthermore, trust in the principal played a partial mediating role between authoritarian leadership and defensive silence. Authoritarian leadership behaviours decreased teachers' affective commitment by decreasing trust in the principal and increasing organisational silence.Originality/valueAlthough leadership and culture have been studied intensively in recent years, authoritarian leadership, which is more commonly seen in Eastern societies, has been less studied in school contexts in the Middle East and Asia. Thus, this study contributes to the literature by examining the factors that might influence affective commitment in schools in an urban setting: authoritarian leadership, silence and trust in school principals.

© 2022 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.Increasing access to university for those currently under-represented is a UK government priority. Understanding the views of under-represented students can help direct widening participation activities. In recent years, a positive trend finds increasing numbers of Black students attending university, but it is not clear why White disadvantaged student numbers have not increased. Thus, we aimed to explore the student viewpoint on barriers and facilitators to university access in disadvantaged adolescents and how this might differ by ethnicity. We used an online semi-structured interview with questions about applying to university. Seventy adolescents (mean 16.9 yr.) were recruited who are currently under-represented at university level, based on various measures of disadvantage. Black, Asian, and ethnic minority students (BAME) reported similar barriers and facilitators to applying to university as White disadvantaged students. However, there were some differences, for example, BAME participants stated ‘having no choice’ was a reason to apply to university while White participants did not mention this. Also ~60% of BAME students said they would prefer to study close by compared to far away, while only 46% of White participants said this. Our results support previous findings that financial issues are a key barrier to university access and that outreach activities can act as facilitators to increase university access. However, we compare the unique viewpoints on the barriers and facilitators to university access in Black, Asian and White under-represented students. Based on these views we also make recommendations for future widening participation events targeted at different ethnicities.

This study aims to investigate and compare the effects of in-house content- based instruction (CBI) materials and general English course materials on student attitudes toward English language learning together with their impact on student English language development and mastery of academic content. It also focuses on English as a foreign language (EFL) teachers and departmental faculty members’ attitudes towards CBI materials. A mixed-methods research model was used to collect data from 175 university freshman EFL students, 17 EFL teachers, and seven departmental faculty members from different faculties. The EFL teachers developed their own CBI materials for each academic program. The results indicate that the students view the in-house CBI materials more positively than general English course materials. Moreover, the CBI materials also contributed to the students’ English development and mastery of academic content outside English language learning. Both EFL teachers and departmental lecturers expressed positive attitudes towards the CBI materials., Este estudio tiene como objetivo investigar y comparar los efectos de los materiales propios de instrucción basada en contenidos (IBC) y los materiales de un curso de inglés general en las actitudes de los estudiantes hacia el aprendizaje de la lengua inglesa; junto con su impacto en el desarrollo del idioma y el dominio del contenido académico. También se centra en las actitudes de los profesores de inglés como lengua extranjera (ILE) y los miembros de las facultades relacionadas con los materiales de IBC. Utilizando un diseño de investigación de métodos mixtos, se han recopilado datos de 175 estudiantes universitarios de ILE de primer año, 17 profesores de ILE y siete miembros de diferentes facultades. El profesorado de ILE había desarrollado sus propios materiales IBC para cada programa académico. Los resultados indican que los estudiantes ven más positivamente los materiales propios de IBC que los materiales del curso de inglés general. Además, los materiales de IBC también contribuyeron al desarrollo del inglés de los estudiantes y al dominio del contenido académico. Finalmente, tanto los profesores generales como los profesores de inglés como lengua extranjera expresaron actitudes positivas hacia los materiales de IBC.

In 21st century, the century of information and technology, it has been inevitable to witness lots of advancements and innovations in every sector like education, health, industry, environment, politics etc. In this regard, this study, focusing on the change and innovations in the educational sector, aims to contribute to the literature by developing “Innovative School Development Scale”. The sample of the study consists of 822 educators. In the study, exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (EFA) are used in order to test the structural validity of the measurement scale. After items with lower than 0.30 factor loading value were excluded and so a structure composed of 6 dimension and 45 items is constructed according to the EFA results, it is confirmed by the CFA and desired goodness fit values are achieved. Moreover, in order to test the reliability of the scale; Cronbach Alpha internal consistency, item total score correlation and independent t-test with 27% higher and 27% lower groups analyses were conducted. Cronbach’s Alpha values of the scale after EFA and CFA are calculated as 0.959 and 0.962. It has been found that item total correlation coefficients of the scale ranges between r=0.30 and r=0.87 for the EFA and between r=0.55 and 0.86 for the CFA. Findings of the independent t-test with 27% higher and lower groups show that the items are well-discriminated. Based on the findings of all these analyses, it is concluded that this Innovative School Development Scale is a valid and reliable measurement scale., 21. yüzyılda teknolojinin merkezde olduğu bilgi çağında; eğitim, sağlık, endüstri, çevre, siyaset gibi tüm alanlarda yenileşmenin ve yeniliklerin yaşanması kaçınılmaz olmaktadır. Bu bağlamda bu çalışmanın amacı, eğitim sisteminde yaşanan değişim ve yenilikler çerçevesinde ‘‘Yenilikçi Okul Geliştirme Ölçeği’’nin geliştirilerek literatüre katkı sağlamaktır. Araştırma; literatür taraması, madde havuzu oluşturma, uzman görüşü alınması, ön deneme uygulaması, asıl uygulama yapılması, ölçek analizlerinin yapılması ve ölçeğe son halinin verilmesi olarak yedi aşamada oluşturulmuştur. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 822 eğitimci oluşturmaktadır. Ölçeğin yapı geçerliğini test etmek amacıyla açımlayıcı faktör analizi (AFA) ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizi (DFA) hesaplanmıştır. Açımlayıcı faktör analizi ile faktör yükleri 0.30 altında kalan maddeler çıkarılarak altı boyut ve 45 maddeden oluşan bir yapı ortaya çıkmıştır. DFA ile de doğrulanarak istenilen uyum iyiliği değerlerine ulaşılmıştır. Ölçeğin güvenirliğini test etmek için Cronbach Alfa iç tutarlık, madde toplam puan korelasyonu ve %27’lik alt-üst grup bağımsız t-Testi analizleri yapılmıştır. AFA ve DFA sonrası ölçeğin Cronbach Alfa değerleri 0.959 ve 0.962 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Ölçeğin madde toplam korelasyonu kat sayıları AFA için r=0.30 ile r=0.87; DFA için ise r=0.55 ile 0.86 değerleri arasında değiştiği belirlenmiştir. Alt-üst %27’lik bağımsız gruplar t-Testine göre maddelerin ayırt edici özellikte olduğu belirlenmiştir. Yapılan analizler sonucu altı boyut ve 45 maddeden oluşan Yenilikçi Okul Geliştirme Ölçeğinin geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçek olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

We aimed to investigate the similarities and differences between patients with OCD and PD, and healthy control subjects (NPC) on their metacognitive beliefs, emotional schemas, and cognitive flexibility. We hypothesized that the clinical groups would score higher than the NPC group on their dysfunctional metacognitive beliefs and negative beliefs about emotional schemas, and lower than the control subjects on their cognitive flexibility. Regarding the metacognitive beliefs, the clinical groups scored higher than the NPC group on the scores of the uncontrollability and danger, the need to control thoughts subscales, and on the total score of the MCQ-30. On the uncontrollability, comprehensibility, rumination, dissimilarity, dangerousness, and guilt dimensions, and on the total score of the LESS, the clinical groups scored significantly higher than the NPC group. The NPC group obtained higher scores than the clinical groups on the Cognitive Flexibility Inventory. Focusing on the psychological concepts that differentiate patients with OCD and PD from healthy controls might help identify potential targets for psychotherapy.

47 páginas Considering the pivotal role of assessment, this study aimed to investigate the attitudes of the students and the teachers towards the assessment component of a customized content and language integrated learning in an English as a foreign language program implemented at the tertiary level in Turkey. It also sought to study its effectiveness as a tool for the integrated assessment of language and content. Data were obtained by a mixed-method research approach from 525 university freshman students and 17 English language teachers via questionnaires and follow-up interviews with the teachers and the students. The results indicated that both the students and the teachers developed positive attitudes towards the assessment component of content and language integrated learning. The assessment component was also found to be an adequate tool for the integrated assessment of content and language. Teniendo en cuenta el papel fundamental de la evaluación, el objetivo de este estudio era investigar las actitudes de los estudiantes y los profesores hacia el componente de evaluación de un aprendizaje integrado de contenido y lengua personalizado en un programa de inglés como lengua extranjera implementado en el nivel terciario en Turquía. También buscaba estudiar su efectividad como herramienta para la evaluación integrada del lenguaje y el contenido. Los datos se obtuvieron mediante un enfoque de investigación de método mixto de 525 estudiantes universi-tarios de primer año y 17 profesores de inglés a través de cuestionarios y entrevistas de seguimien-to con los profesores y los estudiantes. Los resultados indicaron que tanto los estudiantes como los profesores desarrollaron actitudes positivas hacia el componente de evaluación del aprendizaje integrado de contenido y lenguaje. El componente de evaluación también resultó ser una herramienta adecuada para la evaluación integrada del contenido y el lenguaje.

As a well-designed language education program naturally requires a well-designed assessment component, the pivotal role of assessment in language education needs to be stressed. This study focuses on how English language teaching (ELT) teachers receive training in English language assessment, and how they perceive and practice assessment in Turkey. The study was conducted with the participation of 198 ELT teachers from 24 K-12 level schools and eight universities. A mixed-methods research design was chosen and the data were collected through a questionnaire, follow-up interviews, observations, personal conversations, and sample exam evaluations. The findings indicated that the assessment practices of the teachers were shaped by the teachers’ language learning and teaching experiences, their intuition, adherence to assessment traditions, and the emulation of what other teachers conducted to conform to group norms. It was also observed that as the teachers did not receive proper pre-service and in-service assessment training, their assessment knowledge was low. Moreover, it was found that the assessment component of teacher training programs remained peripheral and did not help equip teachers with assessment-related theoretical knowledge and practical skills. Finally, the assessment quality in these schools was found to be low and assessment was taken as a formal requirement to grade students. In the final part of the paper, some suggestions for effective assessment are put forward. WOS:000637200000008

Besides various in-class assessments, there exist some standardized assessment tools that are administered in several countries, such as PISA (Programme for International Student Assessment) and TIMMS (Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study). The questions’ contents, type of responding, grading, and the analyses in these large-scale tests have been diversified in years. In this study, it was aimed to identify the abilities that are measured at PISA mathematics test in a single testing procedure and by utilizing the methods of analyses of Cognitive Diagnostic Model (CDM) as well as Signal Detection Theory (SDT), which have not been used so far in the assessment of these abilities. Therefore, a randomly selected sample of 6th-grade students (N=230) in Izmir was tested with a PISA-equivalent 12-item mathematics test, where the items are graded dichotomously (correct vs. incorrect). CDM estimates were calculated by using the Deterministic Input Noisy Output and Gate (DINA) Model. The participants were asked to report whether they thought they could solve the question correctly, guess even if they thought they could not solve the question, and then, rate their confidence levels on the correctness of their answers in turn so as to allow us to measure their “metacognitive monitoring performance” with the SDT method, which refers to the ability to differentiate correct and incorrect responses. In short, a better metacognitive monitoring performance was obtained by measuring how well once could differentiate their correct and incorrect responses with the observation of they prefer reporting and then giving high confidence levels to the actually correct responses and prefer passing to give an answer yet rate lower confidence levels to the actually incorrect responses given as pure guesses. The results showed that CDM fits well to the assessment of PISA test and those who were better at the ability of “reasoning and developing strategies” in particular among four possible abilities detected with CDM (“representing and communicating”, “mathematization”, “reasoning and developing strategies”, “using symbolic and technical language”) had also better metacognitive monitoring performance. The present study, therefore, contributes to the research that investigates what features the ability of better differentiating correct and incorrect responses are actually linked. Based on the results, it is suggested that a better metacognitive monitoring ability is linked to having a better ability of “reasoning and developing strategies” in particular. Additionally, it is suggested that measuring metacognitive monitoring performance at PISA -or even any other possible tests- with the SDT calculation method, that has a relatively straightforward testing procedure, may yield various estimates for the students’ abilities measured at the test as well as their related higher-order abilities., Öğrencilerin matematik becerilerinin belirlenmesinde, diğer birçok sınıf içi değerlendirmenin yanında, PISA (Uluslararası Değerlendirme Programı) ve TIMMS (Uluslararası Matematik ve Fen Eğilimleri Araştırması) gibi çeşitli ülkelerde standart olarak kullanılan ölçme araçları bulunmaktadır. Ülkelerarası uygulanan bu geniş ölçekli testlerdeki soru içerikleri, soru yanıtlama türü, puanlanmalar ve analiz yöntemleri yıllar içinde çeşitlenmiştir. Bu araştırmada, PISA matematik testine ait becerilerin değerlendirmesinde daha önceden kullanılmamış olan Bilişsel Tanı Modeli (BTM) ve Sinyal Tespit Kuramı’na (STK) ait analiz yöntemleri birlikte kullanılarak bu becerilerin tek bir test prosedürü içinde belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda rastgele örnekleme yöntemiyle İzmir ilinden belirlen 6. Sınıf öğrencilerine (N=230), PISA matematik testi eşdeğerliğinde farklı madde formatlarının kullanıldığı (çoktan seçmeli, doğru yanlış, kısa cevaplı) ve doğru/yanlış olarak dikatomik şekilde puanlanan 12 sorudan oluşan bir matematik testi uygulanmıştır. BTM ölçümleri DINA (the Deterministic Input Noisy Output and Gate) model kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. STK yöntemiyle ise, bireyin doğru ve yanlış yanıtlarını ayırt edebilme becerisi olarak tanımlanan “üstbilişsel izleme” performansının ölçülmesi amacıyla, katılımcılardan her bir soru maddesi için sırasıyla, soruyu çözüp çözemeyeceğini belirtmesi, doğru yanıtlayabileceğini düşünmemiş olsa bile bir tahminde bulunması ve verdiği yanıtların doğruluğundan ne kadar emin olduklarını derecelendirmeleri istenmiştir. Üstbilişsel izleme performansı, özetle, katılımcıların gerçekte doğru olan yanıtlarında soruyu yanıtlayabileceğini seçip yüksek eminlik düzeyleri vermesi, yanlış olan yanıtlarında ise soruyu yanıtlayabileceğini düşünmemesini ve tahminleri için düşük eminlik düzeyleri vermesiyle, yanıtlarının doğru ve yanlış olarak ayrımını ne kadar iyi yapabildiğinin puanlanmasıyla elde edilmiştir. Sonuçlar, PISA testinin BTM yöntemine iyi uyum sağladığını göstermiş ve BTM yöntemiyle belirlenen dört temel beceriden (“ilişkilendirme ve iletişim”, “matematikleştirme”, “akıl yürütme ve strateji geliştirme” ve “sembolik ve teknik dil kullanımı”) özellikle “akıl yürütme ve strateji geliştirme” becerisi yüksek olan öğrencilerin üstbilişsel izleme performanslarının da yüksek olduğu görülmüştür. Araştırma, doğru ve yanlış yanıtları yüksek oranda ayırt edebilme becerisinin gerçekte hangi özelliklerle ilişkili olduğunun bulunması konusundaki çalışmalarına katkı sağlamaktadır. Bulgular temelinde, üstbilişsel izleme becerisinin özgül olarak “akıl yürütme ve strateji geliştirme” olarak gözlenen alt özelliğe sahip olmakla ilişkili olabileceği önerilmiştir. Ek olarak, PISA testinde -veya herhangi bir başka de olabileceği gibi- üstbilişsel izleme performansının STK ölçüm metodu gibi görece kolay ek bir test prosedürüyle ölçülerek, testte ölçülen becerilerin yanında öğrencilerin diğer ilgili üst-düzey becerileri hakkında da bilgiler elde edilebileceği önerilmektedir.

Amaç: Son yıllarda tıp ve diş hekimliği eğitiminde öğrenme ve öğretme metodlarında önemli değişiklikler olmuştur. Avrupa Birliği'nin (AB) DentEd Projesi, tıp ve dişhekimliği eğitimindeki bütünleşik derslerin öğrenciler için ayrı ayrı verilen derslerden daha faydalı olduğunu önermektedir. Bu, hem ders konularında bütünlüğü sağlamak ve hem de öğrencilerin farklı derslerde aynı konular hakkında çok fazla bilgi ile aşırı yüklenmemesini sağlamak için önemlidir.Ayrıca,müfredat içeriğinin tekrarı da önlenebilir. Bu, ancak ders bazlı sistem yerine konu bazlı oluşturulan modüler yapıdaki müfredatın yatay ve dikey entegrasyonu uygulanarak başarılabilir. 'Dikey entegrasyon' temel bilimler ve klinik konuların entegrasyonunu oluştururken , 'yatay entegrasyon', temel bilim konularının eşzamanlı öğretimini sağlamaktadır. Biyokimya ve farmakoloji derslerinin içeriği tıp ve diş hekimliği müfredatında birbiriyle yakından ilgilidir ve bu derslerin içinde birbiriyle ilişkili birkaç konu vardır.Bunlardan biri, ilaçların enzim sistemleri ile oksidatif metabolizmasıdır. Diş hekimliğinde kullanılan birçok ilaç sitokrom P450 (CYP450) aracılığıyla, birbiriyle etkileşir. Karaciğer ve bağırsak CYP450 enzim sistemi, antidepresanlar, nöroleptikler, lipofilik beta blokerler, antiaritmikler ve opioidler gibi çok sayıda ilacın biyotransformasyonundan sorumludur ve bu ilaçlar tarafından aktiflenir veya inaktive edilebilir. Bu nedenle, bu konuyu anlamak için hem biyokimya hem de farmakoloji bilgisi gereklidir. Probleme yönelik öğrenme, öğrencilerin öğrenme motivasyonunu arttıran, öğrenciler arasındaki ilişkiyi geliştiren ve yeni fikirlere açık tartışmalarla sonuçlanan etkili bir öğrenme yöntemidir. Bu çalışmanın amaçlarından biri, öğrencilerin bizzat katıldığı ve öğrenmek için çaba harcadığı aktif bir öğrenme yöntemi olan problem çözme yönteminin başarıya etkisini araştırmaktır. Çalışmanın diğer amacı ise; temel bilim derslerinin entegrasyonu ile, birbirine yakın konuları bütüncül bir yaklaşımla öğretmenin, öğrenmeye katkısını değerlendirmektir. Objective: In recent years, there have been significant changes in learning and teaching methods in medical and dental education.The DentEd Project of the European Union (EU) suggests that integrated courses in medical and dental education are more beneficial for students than individual courses. This is important both to ensure the integrity of the course subjects and to ensure that students are not overloaded with too much information on the same topics in different courses. Also, duplication of curriculum content can be avoided. This can only be achieved by applying the horizontal and vertical integration of the modular curriculum created on a subject-based basis instead of a lecture-based system. While 'vertical integration' forms integration of basic sciences and clinical subjects, 'horizontal integration' provides simultaneous teaching of basic science subjects. The content of the biochemistry and pharmacology courses are closely related in the medical and dental curriculum, and there are several interrelated topics within these courses.One of these is the oxidative metabolism of drugs with enzyme systems. Many drugs used in dentistry interact with each other via cytochrome P450 (CYP450). The liver and intestinal CYP450 enzyme system is responsible for the biotransformation of many drugs, such as antidepressants, neuroleptics, lipophilic beta blockers, antidysrhythmics and opioids, and can be activated or inactivated by these drugs. Therefore, both biochemistry and pharmacology knowledge is required to understand this subject. Problem-oriented learning is an effective learning method that increases students' motivation to learn, improves the relationship between students and results in openminded discussions. One of the aims of this study is to investigate the effect of problem solving method, which is an active learning method in which students personally participate and make an effort, on learning. Another aim of the study is to evaluate the contribution of teaching similar subjects with a holistic approach to learning.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between organisational socialisation, collaborative culture in schools, and collective teacher efficacy. Research Methods: For data collection in this study cross-sectional surveys were used. The sample consisted of 840 teachers. Three scales were used to collect the data: the Collective Teacher Efficacy Scale, Collaborative Culture in Schools Scale, and Organisational Socialisation Scale. Findings: The study findings indicated the existence of both direct and indirect relationships between organisational socialisation, collaborative culture in schools, and collective teacher efficacy. These relationships were positive and statistically significant. According to the findings, as organisational socialisation increased, collaborative culture and collective teacher efficacy levels also increased. Additionally, collaborative culture played a mediating role between organisational socialisation and collective teacher efficacy.

This study attempted to investigate the factors affecting the organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) of English teachers in Turkish state high schools within the framework of job satisfaction, emotional commitment, and demographic factors. The data, which were collected through a questionnaire given to 269 English teachers, were analyzed through descriptive statistics and hierarchical regression. The findings indicated that the English teachers' job satisfaction, emotional commitment, and OCB levels were above average. Moreover, job satisfaction and emotional commitment predicted OCB. No significant relationship was observed between demographic factors and OCB. The results showed a positive correlation between demographic factors and job satisfaction, and between demographic factors and emotional commitment. The findings suggest that OCB can play a pivotal role to increase the performance of English teachers, consequently leading to better language education. The study suggests that the non-methodological factors in English language teachers' behaviors and performance need to be studied to increase their performance. 2-s2.0-85115112894

The lack of resolution of the Kurdish issue in Turkey has been a major source of grievance affecting the lives of many, particularly women. Research shows that conflict has gender-specific effects. Considering the particular ways in which women are impacted by long-term political tensions which also involve armed conflict, their standpoint seems highly valuable to corroborate the urgency of a democratic and peaceful resolution of this issue. Based on in-depth interviews with the representatives of civil society organizations, initiatives and women's organizations, the article explores women's perceptions of peace and justice, and it investigates their possible contribution towards a peaceful resolution of the Kurdish issue. We argue that the intersectionally diverse standpoint(s) of women, due to the particular gendered effects of conflict on their everyday lives, living conditions, bodily integrity and affective relationships, greatly contributes to an adequate conceptualization of peace and justice and the relation between them.

Rousseau'nun eğitim felsefesi ve pratiğine ilişkin görüşleri çoğu zaman çelişik ifadeler içerir. Bu çelişkilerin en açık görüldüğü yer, eğitimciyi ''insan'' ya da ''yurttaş'' yetiştirme amaçları arasında seçim yapmaya zorladığı pasajlardır. Ancak bu çelişkili durum çok eğitimin kaynakları değil, amaçları açısından yapılan bir ayrımın ürünüdür. Bu amaçlarınsa, çağının insanının benlik ve özgürlük kaybına yönelik eleştirileriyle okunduğunda, Rousseau'nun kendi tercihi olmadığı görülebilir. Bu yazıda, Rousseau'nun ideali olan özgün bir benliğe sahip bireyi yetiştirmenin yolunun aslında yurttaşlık eğitiminden geçtiği ortaya koyulmaya çalışılacak ve bu bağlamda Rousseau'nun birey-yurttaş eğitimleri konusundaki görüşlerinin aralarındaki bağlar serimlenecektir., The views of Rousseau about the phlosophy and practices of education mostly include some paradoxical statements. The most obvious samples of those paradoxical statements are the passages of him in which Rousseau forces educators to make a selection between goals of bringing up a ''man'' or ''citizen''. However, this contradictory sitution is a result of a distinction made in terms of the purposes of education rather than the sources sitution...

This study aims to examine teachers' opinions regarding the activities that can be performed at schools to ensure leadership development in students. Accordingly, an attempt to reveal what the leadership qualities of students should be, the activities that can be performed for the acquisition of leadership qualities and the applicability level of these activities was made within the scope of the present study. This study is a descriptive study designed in mixed model. Therefore, qualitative and quantitative research methods were used together in the present study. The study was carried out with 13 teachers in the qualitative part and with 304 teachers in the quantitative part. While the data were collected by a semi-structured interview in the qualitative part of the study, the “Teachers' Activities for the Acquisition of Leadership Qualities in Students Questionnaire” was used in the quantitative part. Results showed that activities should be performed for in-class and out-of-class purposes and the conceptual understanding of leadership for the acquisition of leadership qualities; and that these studies were at the applicable level. Furthermore, it was found out that to make students acquire communication skills, problem-solving skills, responsibility, honesty and ability to set goals are important. In this context, the findings obtained from the present study were discussed in relation to the relevant literature and some suggestions were proposed.

The function of academy depends on wide practices of institutionalization. Academy is not only responsible to instruct, but also it has to train generations that will take over its own institutionalism. Academic writing is the foremost tool of academy’s own reproduction. The problem of this study is academic writing. Academic writing in Turkish graduate education, the culture of academic writing, and the research on the academic writing are unproductive as opposed its abroad counterparts. What is the current situation of culture of academic writing? What are the issues of academic writing among candidate scholars and what can be done to improve the situation? This study tasks itself to produce research-based answers to these questions. In this respect, this “retrospective study” examines, through plagiarism detection software (Turnitin), 600 graduate theses, written in the field of education between the years of 2007–2015. Findings of the study point serious concerns with regard to academic writing in the Turkish graduate education. It has been found that 34.5% the examined theses include plagiarism and the originality of theses has been found to be 28.7%. The study concludes by providing possible explanations to the situation and offers some ideas and mechanisms to improve the situation.

The global virus outbreak called COVID-19 has been one of the important breaking points in world history. COVID-19 is not only a physical disease affecting the whole world, but also an important issue in terms of community mental health, the effects of which will be understood in the long term. It is essential to explain the long-term and ongoing mental health effects of COVID-19 to take preventive steps. The aim of the present article was to review the impact of similar outbreaks in the past and to understand the potential impact on mental health through data from ongoing studies. Additionally, we summarized possible risk factors that may arise in infected people, healthcare professionals and the general population during COVID-19 outbreak.