1. Viral Diversity in Benthic Abyssal Ecosystems: Ecological and Methodological Considerations.
- Author
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Rosani U, Corinaldesi C, Luongo G, Sollitto M, Dal Monego S, Licastro D, Bongiorni L, Venier P, Pallavicini A, and Dell'Anno A
- Subjects
- Humans, Oceans and Seas, Atlantic Ocean, DNA, Ecosystem, Viruses genetics
- Abstract
Viruses are the most abundant 'biological entities' in the world's oceans. However, technical and methodological constraints limit our understanding of their diversity, particularly in benthic abyssal ecosystems (>4000 m depth). To verify advantages and limitations of analyzing virome DNA subjected either to random amplification or unamplified, we applied shotgun sequencing-by-synthesis to two sample pairs obtained from benthic abyssal sites located in the North-eastern Atlantic Ocean at ca. 4700 m depth. One amplified DNA sample was also subjected to single-molecule long-read sequencing for comparative purposes. Overall, we identified 24,828 viral Operational Taxonomic Units (vOTUs), belonging to 22 viral families. Viral reads were more abundant in the amplified DNA samples (38.5-49.9%) compared to the unamplified ones (4.4-5.8%), with the latter showing a greater viral diversity and 11-16% of dsDNA viruses almost undetectable in the amplified samples. From a procedural point of view, the viromes obtained by direct sequencing (without amplification step) provided a broader overview of both ss and dsDNA viral diversity. Nevertheless, our results suggest that the contextual use of random amplification of the same sample and long-read technology can improve the assessment of viral assemblages by reducing off-target reads.
- Published
- 2023
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