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To link to full-text access for this article, visit this link: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2005.07.010 Byline: Joanna Chataway Keywords: HIV/AIDS; public-private partnerships; advocacy; capacity building; Africa; India Abstract: Product based public-private partnerships (PPPs), of which the International Aids Vaccine Initiative (IAVI) is one, are being developed to try and bridge the gap between scientific and technological potential and the needs of developing countries. First, this paper examines PPP's popularity. Second, we describe key characteristics of IAVI and explain why it differs from more traditional partnerships. Third, IAVI has had some success in bringing new science and technology closer to the world's poor and we look at how it has achieved this success and implications for theoretical and practical approaches to science and technology capacity building. Author Affiliation: ESRC INNOGEN Research Centre, The Open University, UK Article History: Accepted 25 July 2005

This article documents recent trends in science funding support in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). We analyse these trends at the SSA regional level alongside a summary of four case studies of science funding in four Science Granting Councils (SGCs) in East Africa. Our findings support the literature on science funding in SSA regarding low levels of funding, cross-country engagement, and the need for capacity building. However, we also find there are tensions among funding and policy actors around the perceived ways in which investment in science will benefit society. We argue that the narratives and logics of science funders and their roots in 'Republic of Science' vs. 'Embedded Autonomy' rationales for SGC activity must be more transparent to enable critical engagement with the ideas being used to justify spending. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The question of how to build science and technology (S&T) capacity in Africa has been on and off the agenda for decades, as has the issue of how to use partnerships to accelerate capacity building. Recent policy proposals have focused on expanding S&T capacity but have emphasized less the need for a rigorous rethink about how science, technology and innovation can be better organized for development. This paper aims to assess, using evidence from recent cases, the importance of new theories and practices based on the role of innovation and knowledge systems. The paper argues that lessons can be learned from transformations in research policy and from practices that better integrate new ideas from innovation, knowledge and development. It focuses on the changes required for science, technology and innovation to be accepted as key for the alleviation of poverty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]