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Your search keyword '"Özdamar, Özgür"' showing total 4 results
Start Over Author "Özdamar, Özgür" Topic economic sanctions
4 results on '"Özdamar, Özgür"'

1. Consequences of Economic Sanctions: The State of the Art and Paths Forward.

Author

Özdamar, Özgür and Shahin, Evgeniia

Subjects
*ECONOMIC sanctions -- Social aspects, *INTERNATIONAL sanctions, *INTERNATIONAL law, *INTERNATIONAL relations, 1989-, *INTERDEPENDENCE theory
Abstract

What determines the consequences of economic sanctions? Is there a common explanation for these consequences? This article provides a comprehensive review of the fragmented literature focusing on the consequences of sanctions. We critically discuss the complex relationships between types of sanctions and sanction senders and their targets, as well as the structural factors that account for the specific consequences of different sanction cases. A discussion on the thematic, methodological, and theoretical shortcomings of the existing literature on sanction consequences follows. We argue that a "common approach" to sanction consequences research should be framed within the framework of international interdependence. We also present several nascent trends and propose new directions for sanction researchers and other disciplines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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2. Comparing Foreign Policy Tools: Impact of Use of Force and Initiation of Economic Sanctions on Presidential Approval Rates.

Author

Özdamar, Özgür and Taydaş, Zeynep

Subjects
*INTERNATIONAL relations, *ECONOMIC sanctions, *PRESIDENTS of the United States, *PUBLIC opinion, *PUBLIC support, *SOCIAL influence, *THEORY
Abstract

This paper asks the following questions: What is the impact of employing violent (use of force) and non- violent (use of economic sanctions) foreign policy tools on the presidential approval ratings? Do citizens support presidents more if he utilizes non-violent foreign policy means that do not risk the lives of soldiers? Specifically, we analyze and compare the influence of US presidents? use of force and initiation of economic sanctions on presidential approval ratings for the period between1944-2000. A part of the diversionary theory literature suggests US presidents tend to use force when they experience domestic problems such as lower approval rates or economic troubles. First part of this article expands on the existing literature on diversionary theory and tests the relationship between use of force by US presidents and their approval rates. In the second part, we examine a different foreign policy tool and test a relationship between initiation of economic sanctions and presidential approval rates which has not been done in the literature before. In the third part, we compare the results and draw broader conclusions about the relationship between domestic political variables, presidential approval rates and foreign policy behavior. We use OLS linear regression method for estimation and the data are arrayed as time-series cross-sectional. ..PAT.-Unpublished Manuscript [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2007

3. Why the US uses Economic Sanctions.

Author

Özdamar, Özgür and Taydas, Zeynep

Subjects
*ECONOMIC sanctions, *INTERNATIONAL sanctions, *ECONOMIC policy, *NATIONAL security, *INTERNATIONAL relations
Abstract

This paper deals with the use of economic sanctions by the US in the period between 1917-2000. The literature suggests sanctions produce ineffective results. Yet the sanctions are frequently used as an important foreign policy tool. Aim of this paper is to analyze why sanctions are used by various American administrations although they seem to be ineffective. We use two major categories in our analysis: (a) What issues are sanctioned; (b) what type of countries are sanctioned. The data for this analysis is taken from Hufbauer, Schott and Elliott (2005). Our preliminary quantitative analysis (time series cross sectional) suggest that (1) the US tended to use sanctions more frequently on issues like human rights, national security, nationalization & expropriation claims; (2) the US used sanctions more frequently on less democratic and less developed countries; (3) the motives of the US have been ?expressive? than ?instrumental?. ..PAT.-Conference Proceeding [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2006

4. Ekonomik yaptırımların hedefi ülke liderlerinin siyasi inançlarına etkileri

Author

Shahin, Evgeniia and Özdamar, Özgür

Subjects
Political belief change, Foreign policy analysis, Political beliefs, Operational code analysis, Economic sanctions
Abstract

Cataloged from PDF version of article. Thesis (Ph.D.): Bilkent University, Department of International Relations, İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent University, 2021. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 225-249). International organizations, individual states, and groups of states increasingly often use economic sanctions an alternative tool of foreign policy. While there are multiple studies analyzing effectiveness and economic, political, or humanitarian consequences of sanctions, much less attention is given to their psychological impacts. Presenting one of the rare systematic studies of psychological consequences of sanctions, this dissertation aims to analyze the effects of the economic sanctions on the political beliefs of the leaders of targeted states. Using operational code analysis, this research investigates whether economic sanctions lead to a change in operational codes of the leaders of Iran, Russia, and Syria representing the major cases of sanctions in the last two decades. The research demonstrates that while economic sanctions do not correspond to an immediate cognitive change, they are likely to trigger leaders’ more gradual learning. The results show that the leaders’ rhetoric after sanctions reflected multiple belief changes, some of which were similar across cases. For example, in five out of six analyzed instances, the targeted leaders started to perceive ‘other’ international actors less friendly than before. Presenting the first systematic analysis of a specific external shock on operational codes of leaders in different geographical, temporal, and political settings, this dissertation contributes to the political belief change literature. At the same time this study fills the gap in the research on psychological consequences of sanctions. by Evgeniia Shahin Ph.D.

Published
2021

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