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AbstractThis paper aims to assess the effect of inventory control systems on performance of mining firms in Zimbabwe. A systematic literature review was used to review current and relevant scholarly work. The paper used a quantitative survey approach where a survey questionnaire was utilized to collect quantitative primary data from 203 respondents in mining companies. IBM SPSS AMOS version 22 statistical tool was used to conduct Structural Equation Modelling and Confirmatory Factor Analysis. SEM was used to test the formulated hypotheses and CFA was used to determine convergent and discriminant validities of measurement models. The results of this research reveal a positive direct and positive indirect effect of inventory control systems on performance of mining firms in Zimbabwe. Therefore, the research concludes that inventory control systems are used to optimize inventory levels to avoid high inventory ordering and holding costs and stockouts of raw materials and spare parts in mining firms. Thus, mining firms are recommended to use inventory control systems mentioned in this paper to optimize inventories of raw materials and spare parts to improve their performances. This paper also suggests the implementation of modern computerised inventory control systems for effective inventory control in mining firms in Zimbabwe.

Innovation is one of the driving forces of economic development and social progress, and the crowdsourcing contest is a well‐established mechanism for encouraging innovation. This paper examines two incentive schemes in two‐stage innovation contests: feedback and elimination. Feedback enhances the efforts by revealing the competitive status, and elimination intensifies the competition by removing less‐qualified participants. We build a game theoretical model to investigate how the organizer should design the feedback and elimination schemes and then analyze the equilibrium efforts and optimal contest design in four‐solver contests. The results suggest that the optimal design depends on the combined effects of the reward, effort sensitivity, and cost coefficiency. Elimination and nonelimination contests can be optimal under different conditions. Furthermore, we extend the equilibrium analysis to competitions with n>4$n>4$ contestants and investigate the optimal design with numerical studies. The most interesting result is that the elimination contest with feedback from the organizer is an ideal option for a budget‐constrained enterprise that seeks an innovative solution from the public for a complex innovation project. Also, the optimal number of contestants in the second stage is not always two when feedback is combined with elimination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

As education contributes to social and economic progress, a country's school and college policies must be well-defined and futuristic. In order to make their education systems effective, different nations use a variety of stages throughout their life cycle at the school and college levels, taking tradition and culture into consideration. India's new educational system intends the National Education Policy 2020 (NEP 2020) a multidisciplinary education, which was approved by the Union Cabinet on July 29, 2020. The previous National Policy on Education, 1986, has superseded the new policy. The policy provides a comprehensive framework for vocational training, elementary through higher education, in rural and urban India. By 2021, the policy intends to transform India's educational system. The government clarified shortly after the policy's release that no one will be required to study a particular language and that English will remain the medium of instruction, not any regional language. The language policy in NEP is a broad guideline and advisory in nature and the implementation is up to the states, institutions, and schools. India's education is on the Concurrent List. The first state to implement the NEP 2020 is Himachal Pradesh. By 2022, all Indian schools should be following the national educational policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Energy plays a vital part in stimulating economic progress, and the shift towards a cleaner energy system is highly significant for ensuring the sustainable development of the economy. China's energy structure urgently needs to be transitioned. The fast advancement and implementation of artificial intelligence (AI) has provided a new and important tool for promoting the transition of energy structure. So, what is the relationship between the application of artificial intelligence and the transition of the energy structure? This research introduces artificial intelligence into the energy sector, focusing on the relationship between artificial intelligence and energy transition. Since nonlinear models are better able to study the complex effects and phase differences of artificial intelligence. Using China's provincial panel data spanning from 2006 to 2019, this study employs nonlinear modeling to explore the stage differences in the process of AI in facilitating energy structure transformation. This paper derives the following findings based on empirical research. First, there is a U-shaped relationship between artificial intelligence and the transition of energy structure. Specifically, before the inflection point, the initial application of artificial intelligence, artificial intelligence may adversely impact energy transition. When the inflection point is passed, AI will help facilitate the energy transition. Second, the U-shaped relationship between AI and energy transition is more pronounced in coastal and non-resource-based regions. Third, energy intensity, government investment in science and technology, and informatization will moderate the U-shaped relationship between artificial intelligence and energy transition, changing the steepness of the original U-shaped relationship and even reversing it. Hence, it is imperative to effectively utilize the technological benefits of artificial intelligence through the development patterns and distinctive features of different regions, thereby facilitating the smooth transition of the energy structure. [Display omitted] • The role of artificial intelligence in the energy transition process is studied. • Stage differences in the role of AI are analyzed. • The nonlinear relationship between AI and energy transition is investigated. • Provide insights into the factors affecting the relationship between AI and energy transition. • This research helps the government to advance the energy structure transition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the context of climate change, the risk of flooding is becoming an increasingly global concern. In addition, natural factors, economic development and urban expansion are significant contributors that have generated a strong demand for the management of natural risks, especially in the domain of floods and inundations. This research aims to address the issue of flood risk management in the Oued Martil region, specifically within the cities of Tetouan and Martil in the western part of Northern Morocco. In this regard, this study focuses on evaluating the performance of hydrological analysis of the Oued Martil plain and modeling flood flows in the Oued bed and in the plain overflow area. The results of this study show that the risk of flooding is significant in urbanized and densely populated areas (with high vulnerability) that match with zones with high or moderate hazard. Conversely, the risk of damage is lower for forests situated in areas with low or moderate hazard. The results obtained from hydraulic modeling can assist decision-makers in selecting the types of interventions for floodplain development by providing a comprehensive understanding of Oued Martil's behavior during the exceedance of peak flow rates for different return periods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Appointed provincial governors do not have any power to make new policies apart from the ones made by the central government, but they are legally responsible for their implementations. In addition, they are not appointed for a specific time period and can be rotated even within a year or can stay longer where they are assigned. However, governors are overtly or covertly influential on provincial development since they have the central government's authority in the local administration. In this respect, using a new panel dataset, the current study seeks to find out if there is a relation between a governor's length of tenure and provincial economic development. The empirical results of the study show a negative relationship between the length of tenure and the economic development of provinces. In addition, longer tenure years are related to lower economic development, while the too-short length of tenure has no significant impact on the economic development of the provinces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The taxation of multinational income is the subject of important policy debates. For example, the recent Pillar One proposal by the Organisation for Economic Development and Cooperation (OECD) would shift taxing rights from countries in which value is created to countries where it is realized. This study develops and analyzes a model in which a multinational firm creates a valuable intangible asset, referred to as a brand. The brand is developed in one country and generates future positive residual profits in three countries. At the industry level, these residual profits are competed away by many firms that try to create the brand, only one of which succeeds. It compares various methods of allocating multinational profits for tax purposes. Separate accounting using an arm's length royalty that taxes income based on where value is created satisfies the criterion of distributional neutrality. Other methods that allocate some or all income based on where value is realized violates distributional neutrality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the early 2000s, plant closures have been a significant concern in Ontario, Canada. Scholars and policymakers alike aim to investigate the causes of plant closures and determine how to mitigate their impacts. Despite the large body of literature on plant closures, local economic development practitioners' perspectives and experiences have been neglected. To fill this gap, this paper interviewed twenty-two practitioners from various cities in Ontario to understand how practitioners perceive and respond to plant closures. The findings provide a comprehensive overview of the various dynamics of plant closures. Also, based on the findings, seven policy recommendations are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• People of Bramfischerville strongly support participation in local development, despite being aware of its transaction costs. • Support is higher for more inclusive and interactive participation, i.e., processes which invite all residents to discuss priorities and needs. • People's support is context-specific. In our study, they are shaped by infrastructural preconditions and people's relationship with the state. • This study builds on a context-sensitive and mixed methods research design, combining a survey experiment with qualitative group interviews. • We contribute to theoretical discussions on participation as well as to the yet scarce experience with survey experiments in the Global South. Public participation in local development is an integral part of democratic agendas across the world. Yet not much research specifically focuses on people's perspectives of participation, especially among underprivileged populations. Gaining a better understanding of people's support for public participation is, however, important as it may inform people's interest in future engagements with the state for local development. This paper contributes to the extensive interdisciplinary literature on public participation in local development by taking a people-centric view. Drawing on an original face-to-face vignette survey experiment (n = 502) and group interviews in Bramfischerville, a low-income residential area in Johannesburg, we examine whether people generally support public participation in local development and explore how different design features of participatory processes inform public support for participation. Overall, our mixed methods study reveals strong support for public participation, with higher support levels for more inclusive and interactive forms, meaning processes, which are open to all residents and where participants are invited to discuss priorities and needs. This, despite people's awareness of the transaction costs of participation, such as time and energy. Moreover, we find that people's support for participation is influenced by their experiences and satisfaction with infrastructure provision. These findings underline the importance of understanding the specificities of the given socio-economic context and people's everyday lived realities. It also draws attention to people's relationship with the state, as the main provider of this infrastructure. Therefore, a context-sensitive interpretation of people's infrastructural preconditions and their relationship with the state are necessary to understand their attitudes towards participation and, more generally, for advancing participatory governance in the given context and beyond. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this chapter is to identify various factors that may influence the adoption of online education by students in higher education institutions (HEIs) and contribute to the achievement of sustainable development goals (SDGs) post-COVID-19. Need for the Study: The study addresses the need to ensure inclusive and equitable quality education, as emphasised by SDG4. It focuses on lifelong learning opportunities and aims to understand the impact of online education on students in HEIs. By identifying the factors that influence adoption, the study aims to contribute to the development of effective strategies for promoting online education. Methodology: The study utilises a framework incorporating the use of Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) and Analysis of Moment Structures (AMOS) software. The framework allows for the analysis of the collected data's reliability, validity and adequacy. Findings: The study's findings indicate that providing students with affordable online higher education can facilitate skill enhancement and create job opportunities. These findings highlight the potential of online education in contributing to the achievement of SDGs, particularly SDG4. Practical Implications: The practical implications of the study suggest that promoting affordable online higher Education can have a positive impact on students, enabling them to acquire new skills and access job opportunities. By embracing online education, institutions can contribute to the advancement of SDGs and ensure inclusive and equitable quality education for all. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Small Business & Entrepreneurship is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Traditional literature on Economic Growth highlights the role of the manufacturing sector in fostering economic growth. This sector, characterized by increasing returns, plays a fundamental role in both static and dynamic scale gains within the economy. Recently, an increasing number of studies have suggested that the increased share of the modern services sector also significantly contributes to innovation, productivity, and increased output. The aim of this paper is to reevaluate growth theories in light of the emerging prominence of the services sector and to outline key components of a research agenda that encompasses this sector as a crucial area of investigation. To substantiate this argument, we apply a GMM (Generalized Method of Moments) model to a dataset spanning from 1990 to 2018, encompassing fifty-one (51) countries, in order to evaluate the impact of modern services on manufacturing performance. An interaction variable is employed to test whether a symbiotic relationship between industry and services is the driving force behind economic growth. The results demonstrate the relevance of the services sector. Finally, we suggest possible research lines to be developed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High-quality development is the paramount task for comprehensively building a socialist modernized country. The low-carbon city pilot policy, with cities as the unit of action, provides new opportunities for high-quality economic transformation. Based on panel data from 261 cities between 2005 and 2018, this study calculates the level of high-quality economic development in Chinese cities, constructs a multi-period difference-in-differences model, analyzes the impact of the low-carbon city pilot policy on high-quality economic development, and explores the policy's heterogeneous effects on high-quality development in different types of cities and its transmission mechanism. The research findings show that the low-carbon city pilot policy can significantly promote high-quality economic development in cities and has heterogeneous effects in terms of regional differences, city types, and city scale. The effects are relatively greater in the eastern region, non-resource-based cities, and mega-cities. The low-carbon city pilot policy promotes high-quality economic development through mechanisms such as technological progress effects, resource agglomeration effects, and government action improvement effects. Combining theoretical analysis with empirical results, this study proposes policy recommendations to enhance the effectiveness of the low-carbon city pilot policy in promoting high-quality development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The spatial characteristics of element flow and its spillover are important topics in economics, sociology, and geography, and significant to the promotion of the coordinated development of urban agglomerations. To study element flow in the Lanxi urban agglomeration and its effect to economic development, the spatial network characteristics and economic spillover effect were studied using the methods of spatial network analysis, the spatial Durbin model, and spatial effect decomposition. The results showed that (1) the scale of element flow in the Lanxi urban agglomeration is in an unbalanced distribution state, the scale of element flow in Lanzhou and Xining is higher than that in surrounding cities, and the connection between surrounding cities is also higher than that between other cities; (2) the network structure of element flow in the Lanxi urban agglomeration is relatively intensive, with Lanzhou and Xining as the center of element concentration, which indicates an obvious 'center periphery' structure, and gradually spreads from the core area to the surrounding areas; and (3) the element concentration level of the Lanxi urban agglomeration has a significant positive spillover effect, which plays a significant role in driving the development of surrounding cities. Other factors, such as the social consumption level, have significant direct effects, whereas the industrial structure and residents' income have significant direct and spillover effects, and are the main factors that affect the coordinated development of the regional economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An in-depth study of the mechanisms governing the generation, evolution, and regulation of differences in tourism economics holds significant value for the rational utilization of tourism resources and the promotion of synergistic tourism economic development. This study utilizes mathematical statistical analysis and GIS spatial analysis to construct a single indicator measure and a comprehensive indicator measure to analyze tourism-related data in the research area from 2004 to 2019. The main factors influencing the spatial and temporal differences in the tourism economy are analyzed using two methods, namely, multiple linear regression and geodetector. The temporal evolution, overall differences and differences within each city group fluctuate downwards, while the differences between groups fluctuate upwards. Domestic tourism economic differences contribute to over 90% of the overall tourism economic differences. Spatial divergence, the proportion of the tourism economy accounted for by spatial differences is obvious, the comprehensive level of the tourism economy can be divided into five levels. The dominant factors in the formation of the pattern of spatial and temporal differences in the tourism economy are the conditions of tourism resources based on class-A tourist attractions and the level of tourism industry and services based on star hotels and travel agencies. This study addresses the regional imbalance of tourism economic development in city clusters and with the intent of promoting balanced and high-quality development of regional tourism economies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As China's economy transitions from a stage of high-speed growth to a stage of high-quality development, the concept of low-carbon and green economic development has gained increasing popularity. Mastering the regional differences and changing patterns of low-carbon economy and economic growth quality is an important prerequisite for further promoting low-carbon economic development and improving the quality of economic growth. Taking the data of 21 prefecture-level cities in Guangdong Province from 2008 to 2019 as examples, we calculated the low-carbon economy and the quality index of economic growth, and analyzed the convergences between them through coefficient of variation analysis and a panel data convergence model with fixed effects. The results showed that: First, the convergence of low-carbon economy was better than the convergence of economic growth quality. Second, the low-carbon economy of Guangdong Province had σ convergence, and the imbalance between regions of low-carbon economy was alleviated, but the quality of economic growth of Guangdong Province did not have σ convergence. Third, there was absolute and conditional β convergence in the quality of low-carbon economy and economic growth in Guangdong Province. Fourth, the convergence rate of low-carbon economy in Guangdong Province showed "club difference"; the same was true of σ convergence, absolute β convergence, conditional β convergence, and dimensional convergence of economic growth quality in various regions of Guangdong Province. The exploration conducted in this article was conducive to better grasping the changing patterns of low-carbon economy and economic growth quality, enriching relevant research. The conclusions of this paper can provide decision-making basis for China to formulate urban and regional economic policies, achieve high-quality economic development, and "double carbon goal". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Urbanization and the release of carbon emission are two significant features of contemporary economic and social progress in China. However, there are few studies that consider how urbanization policy goals affect carbon emission. This paper aims to study the nonlinear effects of urbanization policy goals on carbon emission in 13 cities of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. In this paper, a multi-dimensional spatial disturbance grey model is proposed. Based on matrix perturbation theory, this paper explores the spatial perturbation bounds of the novel model and verifies that the spatial property of the model is consistent with the viewpoint of the First Law of Geography. Then, the novel model is used to predict the urban carbon emission under different urbanization policy goal scenarios. The results showed that the novel model has spatial regional correlation in spatial region prediction. With the development of urbanization level, carbon emissions show a downward trend in more than 50% of cities from 2022 to 2025. In addition, the improvement of urbanization policy goals will promote the carbon peak time of most cities. The carbon emission intensity will exhibit an inverted U-shaped trend distribution in space. The research results are conducive to providing scientific guidance for the formulation of new-type urbanization policies and helping to achieve the dual carbon goals. • A multi-dimensional spatial disturbance grey model is proposed. • The novel grey model is consistent with the viewpoint of the First Law of Geography. • The spatial distribution of carbon intensity showed an inverted U-shaped pattern. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article introduces a special issue on technological development and policy making in China, highlighting their importance for China's economic growth. It discusses the shift in China's economy from reliance on property sector investment and low-value manufacturing to a new paradigm based on technological innovation and internal market expansion. The article emphasizes the need for adaptive policy making and financing support for science and technology development to enhance productivity growth. It also explores the Augmented National Innovation System (ANIS) in China, the growth of the semiconductor industry, and the limitations of the fiscal system. The research papers in this collection provide insights into China's economic transformation and propose reforms to support its development. [Extracted from the article]

Focusing on Spain between 1900 and 1930, a period characterised by significant structural transformations and rapid economic growth, this article shows that the sex ratio at birth (SRB) was abnormally high, at least until the 1920s. Apart from questioning whether female under-registration and different mortality environments alone can explain the results reported here, our analysis of regional information indicates that SRBs were higher in provinces where the economic structure was dominated by agriculture and manufacturing (relative to the service sector). In addition, exploiting the annual variation in low-skilled wages at the province level makes it possible to distinguish between the roles played by under-registration and outright neglect: while higher wages could increase the opportunity cost of registering a female birth (and therefore result in higher SRBs), they could also reduce the pressure to neglect female babies (and therefore result in lower SRBs). We find evidence of both effects (income and opportunity cost) of wages on SRBs between 1914 and 1920 in Spain, a period in which WWI arguably subjected the Spanish economy to an exogenous demand shock. These two effects, however, imply very different discriminatory practices. In fact, on average, the income effect was larger than the effect arising from the opportunity cost, which supports the idea that female neglect around birth was more prevalent than previously assumed during the early twentieth century in Spain. As expected, the relationship between wages and the SRB vanished during the 1920s, along with the unbalanced SRB. These results stress that gender discrimination around birth does not necessarily disappear with economic growth unless this process is accompanied by expanded labour opportunities for women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

INTRODUCTION: With the development of digital technology and computer technology, the theory of digital economy has also had far-reaching development, but at present, the digital economy is still not able to clearly define whether the digital economy is good or bad for the high-quality development of China's economy. Therefore, it is necessary to research the spillover effect of the digital economy and the high-quality development of the economy with the help of embedded system technology. OBJECTIVES: To solve the issue of the poor coupling between the digital economy and high-quality development, to raise the degree of China's digital economic development, to improve the high energy consumption in the course of China's economic high-quality development, and to improve the application level of system technology in the study of China's economic development. METHODS: The digital economy model is established using the entropy weight method; its efficiency is evaluated using embedded system technology; the spillover effect analysis of high-quality development is then conducted using the digital economy index; and lastly, the overall assessment of the spillover effect is conducted using the comprehensive evaluation results of the entropy weight method. RESULTS: Embedded system technology has a noticeable promotion effect on the development of the digital economy; although the development of the digital economy and economic high-quality development are poorly coupled, their promotion effect is more significant; embedded system technology can indirectly promote the development of economic high-quality development through the digital economy. CONCLUSION: China should vigorously develop embedded system technology to promote the application of new technology in the economy and should further standardize the market economic order to maintain the orderly development of the digital economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Frankish customs regulations recorded in the tenth‐century 'Inquest on the tolls of Raffelstetten' have long formed a cornerstone of traditional arguments about slavery's role in the early medieval European economic revival. This paper experiments with the application of a more‐than‐human lens to the Raffelstetten record and other evidence to generate new insights into the intimate experience of enslavement and the interspecies networks of relations that shaped the slave trade and slave markets in early medieval Europe. Human and animal entanglements, as revealed in the Raffelstetten record, determined how enslaved people experienced capture, transport, and sale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The EU has committed to make Europe the first climate-neutral continent by 2050. Reaching this objective requires massive changes in the region. The biggest challenge is that the green transition happens without sacrificing economic progress and guaranteeing justice and inclusiveness. This pledge implies that every country be capable of addressing the trade-offs between targets while remaining committed towards the common decarbonisation goal. Our paper analyses the success with which countries are carrying out the energy transition. We propose an enhanced hyperbolic distance function and a stochastic frontier analysis approach to model the joint attainment of economic development, environmental sustainability, and energy equity. We apply our model to an unbalanced panel dataset of 29 European countries for the period 2005–2018. Our estimates show that the average performance of the economies has improved over time. The results also highlight the pivotal role of a sustainable economic development with clean energies for both slashing CO 2 emissions and fostering energy equity. Moreover, we find convergence in countries' performance, being this convergence slightly higher for the EU-15 countries compared to the rest. Finally, we show that a higher share of renewable energy sources helps countries that are lagging behind to reach their optimal performance level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the evolution of consumption practices in Venice in the long eighteenth century through the combined use of post‐mortem inventories and household budgets. Although Italy experienced a period of relative decline between the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, our findings suggest that Venetian households enjoyed a rich and vibrant material culture that was fully comparable with those of the most advanced European urban economies. However, although new products, practices, and fashions were adopted by Venetian society, the architecture of consumption did not undergo sudden and extreme changes; rather, consumption was gradually refined, following the path that it had begun during the Renaissance. We therefore argue that the Venetian economy did not experience a consumer revolution but, instead, consumer evolution. Moreover, this study shows that sophisticated consumption practices were not exclusive to the more dynamic economies of the continent but were widespread even in those regions that were victims of the Little Divergence. We thus suggest that the relationship between consumption development and economic development was not necessarily causal and that the diffusion of new consumption practices throughout society was a necessary, but insufficient, prerequisite for economic take‐off. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The existing studies usually find that technical change was very important in constraining the economic growth of the Soviet Union. While these studies have been successful in quantifying the extent of technical change, they have been less successful in quantifying its nature. This paper moves a step closer to probing the essence of Soviet efficiency by splitting the aggregate technical change into its subcomponents – namely, capital and labour efficiency. I find that the Soviet Union registered strong labour efficiency gains during most of the postwar period, converging towards the labour efficiency level of the global frontier – the US. Labour efficiency growth did decrease over time, but labour efficiency was not a primary cause of Soviet growth retardation. That retardation was instead caused by a decline in capital efficiency. At a disaggregated level, I find that the decrease in capital efficiency was driven by structures. I hypothesize that labour shortages and an inadequate investment policy resulted in a large stock of unfinished, and hence idle, structures, distorting Soviet economic growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To reflect the trend of electricity consumption (EC) in China's Pearl River Delta (PRD) under a balanced environment and economy, this paper proposes an EC forecasting framework from the perspective of optimal economic growth. The historical GDP statistics of the PRD are calibrated with data from the new "NPP-VIIRS-like" nighttime light dataset from 2000 to 2020, and two simulation scenarios of optimal economic growth are constructed according to the carbon emission reduction rate. Finally, based on the electricity data from 2000 to 2017, an error correction model is constructed to predict and compare the trend of EC in the PRD under different carbon emission scenarios. The results demonstrate the following. (1) The economic growth path under low-carbon constraints is more closely aligned with the actual economic development of the PRD. (2) The electricity demand required to sustain optimal economic growth in the PRD under low-carbon constraints is projected to reach saturation around 2037, approximately a decade earlier than the scenario without carbon constraints. The results of the projections are expected to guide future work on power system planning and economic development assessment in the context of carbon reduction. • The balance between environmental resources and economic development is considered. • The optimal economic growth path under the low-carbon goal is measured. • Calibration of regional statistics with the nighttime light dataset "NPP-VIIRS-like". • The error correction model is built as a short-term regulation mechanism for power prediction. • Predicted electricity demand for optimal economic growth in the PRD under different scenarios. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We are currently facing great challenges around balancing environmental and social issues with economic development. This article provides an overview and insight into these challenges from a Finance perspective. It then introduces contemporary research that address specific points of interest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent research on clientelism has focused on the varieties of clientelism. They suggest that clientelistic exchanges differ in terms of the expected length of iterations, whereby politicians deliver benefits to voters in exchange for political support. Using newly collected V-Party data (1,844 political parties from 165 countries, 1970–2019), we identify two prominent types of clientelism that recent studies have suggested: relational clientelism and single-shot clientelism. By demonstrating that our measures of clientelism outperform existing cross-national indices, we suggest that it is important to unpack clientelistic linkages at the party level to grasp the fine-grained differences in clientelism across parties within states. We then apply our measures to the analysis of the relationship between economic development and clientelism, one of the major topics in the clientelism study. Our analysis finds that relational clientelism persists even in relatively developed countries, whereas the effect of economic development on single-shot clientelism has a curvilinear relationship. Our applications of the new measures of clientelism also show that the gap in clientelistic practices between ruling and opposition parties varies depending on the types of clientelism, tenure lengths of incumbents, and the degree of political centralization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As global economic growth increases, the demand for energy sources boosts. While fossil fuels have traditionally satisfied this demand, their environmental influence and limited reserves require alternatives. Fossil fuel combustion contributes substantially to greenhouse gas emissions, with a pressing need to halve these emissions by 2030 and target net-zero by 2050. Renewable energy sources, contributing currently to 29% of global electricity, are viewed as promising substitutes. With wind energy's potential, Zheng's team developed a novel method to harness even low wind speeds using well-aligned nanofibers and an innovative "drop wind generator". This system, combining moisture-saturated ionic liquid 3-Methyl-1-octylimidazolium chloride with specific nanofiber arrays, exploits wind-induced flows for energy conversion. This study highlights the vast untapped potential of low-speed wind as a sustainable energy source potentially for electronics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This article aims to relate investments in human capital to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UN SDGs), and examine the spending levels necessary to achieve high performance in related SDG sectors for Azerbaijan. Design/methodology/approach: Employing data from the World Bank, the empirical approach undertaken in this study relies on peer analysis by examining spending levels for nations exhibiting similar income levels and geographical proximity to Azerbaijan. Findings: This study estimates that total spending in education would need to increase by 0.4 percentage points of GDP by 2030, while total spending in health would need to increase by 5.9 percentage points of GDP by 2030 for Azerbaijan. Originality/value: This study contributes to the literature by conducting an empirical analysis in which other nations can emulate in measuring their relative progress on human capital investments and related UN SDGs. Peer review: The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/IJSE-02-2023-0137 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Openness to international trade is often conducive to long-term economic development. Indeed, thanks to trade instruments based on an effective and selective policy of openness, and to human capital that is both qualified and specialised, trade liberalisation is a key determinant of healthy and progressive economic growth. The aim of this article is to study the nature and direction of causal relationships in a dynamic framework, between the variable to be explained (trade openness) measured by the volume of exports and imports as well as by human capital, and the variable to be explained (economic growth) measured by GDP at the level of Morocco. In this respect, we will attempt to examine this causal relationship in the Moroccan context. From this perspective, our question, which remains important, can be formulated as follows: To what extent does trade openness promote economic growth in Morocco? In order to find more relevant answers to our question, we carried out a mixed analysis (both theoretical and empirical) based on mortgagedeductive reasoning derived from a purely positivist posture, on the one hand, and, on the other, we applied econometric modeling to the case of Morocco, based on the ARDL approach. The data collected is annual and covers a period from 1985 to 2020. It was gathered from the HCP and World Bank databases. To do this, we used the ARDL method. The results received by the econometric modeling and the tests that verify the relationship and the direction of causality indicate that trade openness have a positive influence on Moroccan economic growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article provides a systematic review of the quantitative social science research on broadband Internet technology in rural areas. Specifically, we summarize the literature on 1) rural broadband availability and adoption behaviors and 2) the implications of these behaviors for rural businesses, public policy initiatives, and regional development. In the studies reviewed, rural areas suffer from both lower availability and lower adoption rates compared to their urban counterparts. However, researchers disagree on whether supply frictions inherent to rural areas or heterogeneous demand and adoption behaviors are the major cause of this outcome. Researchers widely agree that high-speed Internet improves economic outcomes of rural areas, whether it is through increases in business activity or in more general economic development measures (e.g. productivity, jobs, income). Impact evaluations of rural broadband policy initiatives produced mixed results, highlighting the need for a better understanding of agents' incentives. This review points to four areas for future research. One, assessments of the long-term impact of broadband on rural economies. Two, analyses of the net effect of broadband on economic development outcomes (e.g. migrants, job creation). Three, assessments of economic development impacts associated with broadband speed. Four, assessments of the efficacy of broadband policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Economic development can be influenced by various policies such as improving infrastructure, changing the legal system, or increasing educational attainment. However, to the extent that culture influences economic outcomes, that is very difficult for policy to alter. To examine culture's role, we assess religion's influence on historical regional economic development using 19th-century Prussian data. We find that compared to predominantly Catholic Prussian regions, Protestantism facilitated 19th-century industrialization and agricultural productivity growth. On the other hand, there was not a positive and significant impact of Protestantism on early 19th-century regional population growth, though there is a negative and significant effect in the latter 19th century. This result is robust to using IV regression. Protestantism's positive impacts on the growth of industrialization and agricultural growth is not explained by differing education levels or by differing birthrates across regions, ruling out other indirect effects of Protestantism, suggesting other cultural roles of religion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

What we propose in this paper is to elaborate on what it means to consider 'migration' as part of an oikonomia. This is not an 'economic perspective on migration' but a genealogy of migration as a way of managing people in light of both colonial divides and questions of labor and race. First, we argue that 'migration' is constituted as an effect of accounting, of the registration of comings and goings and of belonging within a reference space of governed territories. We illustrate how migration is born out of the specific accounting inventions made by Ernst Ravenstein. Second, we argue that the accounting of a singular thing called migration only starts to take off when nineteenth-century empire reaches its tipping point. Third, we illustrate how this accounting constitutes a form of double bookkeeping. To record or register migration is to make a record of what the nation would be if the people marked as migrants were not present, and it is to simultaneously record what it costs the nation now that they are. In this oikonomia, migration is enacted as a form of debt. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of financial development on the economic growth of jurisdictions with systemically important Islamic finance. Design/methodology/approach: The authors use several estimation methods. The primary analysis is based on the LSDVC method using a sample of 23 countries covering the period of 2000–2019. Findings: The findings suggest that the financial sector may not be a significant factor in determining economic growth, or that it may decrease it depending on the proxy used. These results are in line with recent studies and robust across different estimation specifications and methods used. Practical implications: Finance practitioners may reconsider the way they conduct their daily activities as their impact on economic growth is fading away. Similarly, policymakers should consider the role that financial development plays in economic growth alongside other factors that may influence its impact. It may be necessary to examine the moderating effects of institutional development on the relationship between finance and growth and consider the channels through which financial development can contribute to economic growth. Additionally, it would be useful to study the impact of Islamic finance on economic growth using different data sources. Originality/value: Although the topic has been explored using different data sets and focusing on different samples, it has not been explored considering the impact of Islamic finance development on economic growth. Given the global appeal of the Islamic finance industry, it is worth investigating its significance for economic growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purposes of this study are to contribute to the limited green growth (GG) literature in emerging markets, to analyze GG from a financial economy perspective and to determine the contribution of financial development and innovation to GG in Brazil, Russian Federation, India, China and South Africa and Türkiye (BRICS-T). BRICS-T countries significantly impact the world population, international politics, energy resources and economy. In addition, BRICS-T countries are one of the leading countries in the world with their sustainability efforts. Investigating the GG model in these countries may contribute to structuring emerging economies around the principles of GG and advancing global green transformation efforts. Design/methodology/approach: The authors applied panel data analysis from 2001 to 2019. GG is economic growth free from environmental depletion in the model. National income, personnel expenditure and foreign direct investments are macroeconomic variables. These variables measure economic development and promote economic and social progress, which is essential for GG. Capital accumulation and innovation are essential tools in GG transformation. Therefore, financial development and patent applications represent the moderating variables. The authors estimate the fixed effect model with Parks-Kmenta robust. Findings: Empirical results show that national income growth and foreign direct investments positively affect GG. Personnel expenditure negatively affects GG. On the contrary, financial development and patent growth have little moderating role. Originality/value: This study contributes to the literature on creating a GG model in emerging countries. The study is original in its model and sample. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Researches on the Porter hypothesis have paid more attention to the effect of the external constraint force of environmental regulation on green total factor productivity (GTFP), while ignoring the effect of internal force of market competition on GTFP. Using the panel data of Chinese manufacturing industries, this paper measures China's GTFP with the global frontier MML index which is based on the EBM model. The paper then studies the effect of environmental regulation and market competition on GTFP. The combined effect of environmental regulation and market competition on enhancing GTFP is further investigated. The results are as follows: 1) The GTFP of the manufacturing industry has progressed during the study period and the progress of green technology plays a crucial role in promoting GTFP improvement. 2) The environmental regulation and market competition both have an obvious nonlinear effect of U-type on GTFP. Relying solely on the external constraint force of environmental regulation or the internal force of market competition does not promote the improvement of GTFP quickly. 3) As for the combined effect, improving market competition is beneficial to the positive effect of environmental regulation on GTFP. Market competition and environmental regulation show a significant combined positive effect, accelerating the arrival of environmental regulation inflection point. Thus the rapid improvement of GTFP requires the combined effect to be effectively exerted. However, only when the level of environmental regulation is strong or the level of market competition is high can a combined positive effect appear. The conclusion provides China with a meaningful reference for better implementing the policy of environmental regulation and market-oriented reforms to promote green economic transformation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recognising the intricate link between ports and regional economies, this study investigates the spillover effects of neighbouring ports on regional industrial diversification and economic resilience. Analysing South Korea's 2006–20 export data from port and neighbouring port regions, it uncovers the unique feature of ports as a distinctive knowledge source within their port regions, mainly attributable to the respective logistic and trade systems governing similar product groups. The paper confirms that ports facilitate industrial diversification through spillover effects when it is related with the regional industries. Emphasising ports' role in strengthening economic resilience, it highlights their significance in nurturing emerging industries post-crisis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper argues that the UK's endemic regional–national productivity problems cannot be addressed by the UK's current institutional and governance set-up. This paper argues that the establishment of an appropriate institution, body or forum is essential in order to fill the current governance vacuum. The appropriate nature, form and logic of such a body can be gleaned by observing various international comparator bodies which undertake different aspects of the types of roles and tasks that a UK body must necessarily undertake. The options for a UK body comprising elements of these comparator institutions are discussed in detail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the rapid development of big data technology, more and more fields are realizing the importance of big data and applying it to various decision-making processes. Industrial heritage planning decisions are no exception. This article will explore the concept and application of industrial heritage planning and decision-making in the era of big data, aiming to emphasize the importance and application value of big data in industrial heritage planning and decision-making. This article analyzes the development relationship between the construction and transformation of urban industrial utilization and the theory and practice of industrial heritage. Through theoretical and practical technical analysis of specific regions, the value utilization of industrial simulation design has been improved. Through in-depth data mining, the government found that the industrial structure of the region is dominated by traditional manufacturing, lacking support from high-tech industries, and the pollution problem of the surrounding environment is also relatively serious. In response to these issues, corresponding planning plans have been formulated, including measures to introduce high-tech industries, optimize industrial structure, and improve environmental quality. By implementing these measures, the comprehensive strength of the region has been significantly improved and the economic transformation and upgrading have been successfully achieved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Innovation districts have gained attention as a fast-spreading urban economic development strategy, raising numerous questions. What are their distinguishing attributes? Are they a substantive policy innovation? Are they likely to succeed in fostering innovation and economic dynamism? We propose a definition of innovation districts based on their characteristic features. Given the ambiguity of the term in practice, this is crucial for understanding and analyzing the strategy. We then evaluate innovation districts by applying theories and current understandings of the spatial and economic development aspects of innovation, entrepreneurship, and human capital, illustrating with examples from Boston, Detroit, Saint Louis, and San Diego. We conclude that the combination of components that comprises innovation districts is both new and valuable. Innovation districts present a potential pathway for advancing regional economic development goals via the pathways of innovation and entrepreneurship. We stress the importance of rigorous empirical evaluation and research regarding a variety of practical and strategic concerns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]