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Tourism development is recognised as an essential tool in promoting economic growth; however, it may also contribute to environmental degradation. Increased pressure for reducing CO2 emissions poses new challenges to policy-makers who try to promote economic growth and environmental protection in tandem. Since 2010, 19 scenic areas in China have been declared as low-carbon tourism demonstration zones. It follows that investigating whether CO2 emissions originating in the tourism industry could, in fact, compromise sustainable development in China becomes an essential area of study. Whilst this is a key concern to society, there are only a limited number of studies that analyse the environmental impact of tourism and the validity of the tourism-led-growth hypothesis. This study considers both domestic and international tourism and explicitly tests the relationship among tourism development, economic growth and CO2 emissions in China, employing a panel vector autoregressive model and utilising regional data between 2006 and 2017. Results show that the development of either international or domestic tourism contributes to economic growth, however, at the expense of the environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Renewable energy has been considered as an effective way to solve environmental pollution and energy crisis in China. However, the development of renewable energy sector depends on economic growth and financial issues. Thus, it is significant to study the relationships of these three indicators in China. Using ARDL-PMG model, this paper explores the long-run and short-run impacts of economic growth and financial development on renewable energy consumption based on the panel data during period 1997–2017 at national and regional levels of China. The long-run relationships indicate that for China as a whole and western China, economic growth stimulates renewable energy consumption while financial development impacts it negatively. However, the short-run relationships show that economic growth and financial development influence renewable energy consumption negatively and positively, respectively. Moreover, we employ the Granger causality test to study the existence and direction of causality among variables. The causality test results display that the unidirectional causality relationships exist from financial development to renewable energy consumption for China as a whole and eastern China. Meanwhile, economic growth unidirectionally causes renewable energy consumption in China as a whole, eastern and western China. Our empirical results provide some policies to promote the development of renewable energy sector. • Dynamic impacts of financial development and economic growth on renewable energy use are studied. • The causalities among financial development and economic growth and renewable energy use are explored. • Our study was conducted at both national and regional levels using panel data models. • Financial development impacted renewable energy use negatively in the long run. • A unidirectional causality ran from renewable energy use to financial development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

According to the law of economic development, the proportion of domestic circulation in a country's economy increases with the growth of economic size and the enlargement of service industry, both caused by the rise of income. In the new development paradigm, the Chinese government puts forward the idea of "taking the domestic circulation as the mainstay", which reflects this basic economic law. However, the policy of "making full use of the domestic and international markets and resources" is still equally important. Therefore, the new development pattern includes the idea of "the domestic circulation and international circulation reinforcing each other". To implement the new development paradigm, the most important things are to tap the growth potential through structural reform, deepen reform to improve the efficiency of domestic circulation and deepen the opening up to make better use of international resources so as to promote development and raise income level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper evaluates the impact of the development of the logistics industry on economic growth based on panel data of 21 cities in Guangdong Province in China from 2007 to 2019. Using the overall entropy method, the comprehensive development index of the logistics industry is constructed to capture the performance of the logistics industry. On this basis, by using Moran's index, we measure the spatial agglomeration effect of the logistics industry. Furthermore, direct and spatial spillover effects are also obtained. The estimation results of the spatial Durbin model (SDM) reveal that the elasticity coefficient of the effect of the comprehensive development level of the logistics industry on economic growth is 0.2590, which is significant at the 1% level. In addition, the coefficient of the direct effect of the logistics industry on local economic growth is 0.4074, and the coefficient of the spatial spillover effect on the economic growth of the surrounding areas is 0.3596, which are both significant at the 1% level. These results indicate that the development of the logistics industry can not only improve local economic growth but also promote the economic growth of the surrounding regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El comienzo del siglo XXI en América Latina se caracterizó por una "marea rosa", con cambios en la orientación de las políticas nacionales que produjeron resultados sociales positivos y modificaron el orden regional y el papel atribuido a la integración regional en los países latinoamericanos. En forma paralela a este proceso, la economía internacional dispensó un alivio de la restricción externa, de modo que las crisis de la balanza de pagos no interrumpieron las trayectorias de crecimiento. Sin embargo, los avances en la integración regional son débiles en comparación con las intenciones políticas. En este artículo se plantea que, ante importantes transformaciones en el centro de la economía internacional, no se logró transformar la estructura productiva de América Latina para alcanzar una mayor diversificación. Lamentablemente, al reproducir (o reprimarizar) las estructuras productivas se profundizó la inserción externa extrarregional y la integración latinoamericana quedó en un segundo plano, constreñida. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since Xi Jinping became leader of the Chinese Communist Party in 2012, he has promoted the goal of realizing the "China dream," which centers on the effort to sustain rapid economic growth so that China can join or even surpass the rich countries of the world. Given the slowing of economic growth even before the 2020 coronavirus epidemic, debate has arisen about whether China can achieve this ambitious goal. This paper recounts the author's personal experiences thinking about the history of China's efforts since the Qing Dynasty to develop economically in order to ponder the issues in this debate. This overview leads to the conclusion that China's dramatic and surprising acceleration of economic growth in the decades after 1978 was driven by circumstances and forces that no longer work in China's favor, and that the nation now faces several serious problems that could make realization of Xi's China dream problematic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cities' green growth hinges on both sustained economic growth and ongoing ecological improvement. This study uniquely examines the roles of economic growth targets and environmental regulations in fostering this growth. Using China as a case study, we found that economic growth targets have a limited impact on cities' green growth due to varying outcomes from resource allocation strategies aimed at meeting these targets. A closer look at China's economic growth targets management model reveals that the pressures from meeting the ill-fitted economic growth targets often leads to green growth setbacks, with local governments prioritizing economic over green growth by relaxing environmental regulations. Therefore, we propose that cities can achieve a balance by setting realistic economic targets, with the central government enhancing oversight of local environmental regulations and adopting an innovation-driven development strategy for economic growth targets. This approach can make economic targets and environmental regulations work together to achieve green growth. Our empirical findings offer new insights into cities' governance for sustainable development. • Pressures from meeting the ill-fitted economic growth targets causes cities' green growth failure. • Economic growth target-achieving pressures lead cities to weaken environmental regulations. • Innovation-driven development strategy synergizes these two policies to promote green growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A sustainable economy through the rational spatial expansion of coastal areas is an increasingly essential global topic. This paper aims to explore the mechanism by which supporting cities influence the spatial expansion of economic development zones (EDZs) in 264 coastal EDZs of China during 1995–2020. Meanwhile, the effects of variations in the distance between supporting cities and coastal EDZs and different city scales are considered. The results provide new explanations for realizing the sustainable development of the coastal economy by planning EDZs at a suitable location from the supporting city. The supporting cities' economic strength can significantly contribute to the spatial expansion of coastal EDZs. The influence shows a distance decay law when the distance is less than 47.692 km, between 47.692 and 58.039 km, and greater than 58.039 km, with impact coefficients of 0.479, 0.393, and 0.212, respectively. The average spatial scale of coastal EDZs varies in an "inverted U–shape" with increasing distance. The average spatial scale of the urban general radiation type (47.692 km ≤ distance <58.039 km) is the largest. Supporting cities' scale affects the economic radiation range of supporting cities. The results suggest three implications for the future development of coastal EDZs. 1) Building the EDZ while incorporating practical development needs; 2) Scientifically planning the spatial layout of EDZs; 3) The synergistic development of supporting cities, transportation hubs, and EDZs. [Display omitted] • Supporting cities can promote coastal economic development zones' expansion. • The contribution of supporting cities to zone expansion shows a distance decay law. • The average spatial scale of coastal zones shows an "inverted U-shaped" change. • Supporting cities scale affects the economic radiation range by supporting cities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Artificial intelligence (AI) has been proved to be an important engine of green economic development, yet how it will affect the internal structure of green economy is unknown. The aim of this study is to examine the impact and its mechanism of AI on green total factor productivity (GTFP) from the internal-structure perspective, by using provincial panel data of China from 2009 to 2021 and global Malmquist index. The main research results show that: (1) the development of AI contributes to China's GTFP growth. And this effect is more significant in undeveloped areas; (2) AI promotes China's GTFP growth mainly by improving resource allocation efficiency, while it exerts little impact through the paths of technological progress and scale efficiency; (3) the transmission mechanism of AI on GTFP varies greatly among China's three main regions. In the eastern region, AI improves GTFP mainly by both advancing technological progress and improving resource allocation efficiency, while in central region AI contributes to GTFP growth mainly through technological progress. Compared with the eastern and central regions, AI in the western region plays a stronger impact on GTFP through the channel of improving scale efficiency. This study helps to understand the pathways of artificial intelligence affecting the transformation of green economic growth and formulate differentiated regional policies in light of local conditions. • This paper studies the effects of AI on China's GTFP from internal-structural perspective. • GTFP is decomposed into three internal factors by the global Malmquist index. • AI has positive effect on GTFP through different impacts on internal factors. • Improving resource allocation efficiency is the most critical channel of AI on GTFP. • AI plays a more significant role in promoting GTFP in less developed areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the past few decades, foreign investments (FIs) have exerted a significant impact on the growth of both developed and underdeveloped countries. Although many studies have explored the FIs-growth nexus a state-of-art analysis is needed with reference to underdeveloped countries only. The article aims to analyse a selected and recent empirical literature from 2020 to 2022 relates to the FIs-growth nexus with evidence from developing and emerging economies, by providing indications on the state-of-art of research, as well as, by situating works to contribute to the analyses on this field and to be used by researchers, academics, and practitioners as a research agenda. By using a bibliometric approach based on the journal's Impact Factor index over the previous two years (IF-2021), several research topic areas with the recent empirical studies have been discovered. Therefore, FIs are driven by: (i) economic efficiency, (ii) productivity and trade, (iii) sustainable development, (iv) Chinese economic expansionism. The analysis suggests that in underdeveloped countries the foreign investment effectiveness in stimulating growth mainly depends on the institutional and business environment of the host country. Sound governance and the technological gap emerge as the crucial drivers for development of countries, on which they should spend efforts and invest resources. • Foreign investments (FIs) impact countries' growth. • Analyse of a selected and recent empirical literature (2020–2022) with focus on FIs-growth nexus in underdeveloped countries. • FIs are driven by: (i) economic efficiency, (ii) productivity and trade, (iii) sustainable development, (iv) Chinese economic expansionism. • Sound governance and technological gap are crucial for growth in developing and emerging economies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the advancement of industrialization and urbanization, the issue of water shortage has become a bottleneck for China's economic development. Based on the structural decomposition analysis and multi-regional input–output tables of China in 2002 and 2012, this paper explores the drivers of the change in China's production water usage from the regional relevance perspective. Results show a significant increase in China's production water usage during the study period. The relationship between production water usage and per capita GDP shows an inverted U-shaped curve, and the economic scale by provinces has been improved, while the trend of production water usage differs. There are rapid increases in production water usage in economically developing provinces, while it is falling sharply in developed provinces. The crucial factors promoting its growth are changes in consumption level, population scale, and regional economic patterns. The technical effect is the most important factor in curbing the growth, followed by effects of final demand sectoral and distribution structure. The provinces and sectors with more production water usage shows higher technical and final demand effects. Therefore, it is necessary to promote water-saving activities, enhance the water-saving technical effect, and optimize final demand structure to promote economic growth with low-water usage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Chinese economy has developed rapidly since the reform and opening up, but economic growth in Northeast China has declined dramatically after the 21st century. In this context, exploring the characteristics of economic and industrial fluctuations in the northeast of China and their relationship is beneficial to alleviating economic fluctuations and promoting stable economic development from the perspective of industrial development. The relationship between economic and industrial fluctuations in the three provinces of Northeast China was reexamined from the angle of fluctuation components with the complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise (CEEMDAN) algorithm. The results obtained are as follows: (1) In the three northeastern provinces of China, economic fluctuations were almost free from the influence of the primary industry, most affected by the secondary industry, and gradually influenced by the tertiary industry after the 21st century. (2) Regarding the short-term business cycle of each province, economic development was the most stable when the market and government participated in the development of the secondary industry simultaneously. (3) The midterm business cycle of Jilin Province was affected by the investment of equipment in secondary and tertiary industries, while that of Liaoning Province was affected by the investment of equipment in the secondary industry. (4) Investment in the equipment of the secondary industry and the construction of secondary and tertiary industries was the key to maintaining the stability of long-term business cycle in Heilongjiang Province, and that in the construction of secondary and tertiary industries was the key to maintaining the stability of long-term business cycles in Jilin and Liaoning Provinces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The essential relationship between higher education and economic development is increasingly strong, decisive and necessary, in order to achieve a growing economic development for society and the human being. The present material emphasizes this from a historical, social and cultural perspective, revealing the achievements and shortcomings that have marked this relationship, particularly in the People's Republic of China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the economic reform in 1978, the Chinese economy has grown at a remarkable pace in the past few decades. Among a plethora of factors contributing to the growth of China, this paper pays a particular attention to the logistics infrastructure that is widely cited as a major catalyst for economic development of a country. The causal relationship between the logistics infrastructure and the economic development in China for the period 2000–2017 is examined under the Vector Autoregressive (VAR) and the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) frameworks. This study documents the long-run equilibrium between the logistics infrastructure and the economic development in China and causality, in general, running from the former to the latter. Especially, it is also found that the infrastructure related to maritime transport plays a key role in promoting the Chinese economy and international trade. • Causality between logistics infrastructure and economic development in China is investigated. • In general, causality runs from logistics variables to economic indicators. • Importance of maritime transport to economic growth of a country is found. • Importance of integrated operation of different logistics functions is also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the development of economy, people's pursuit of quality of life is increasing day by day, which lays a foundation for the development of sports industry in China. For example, in some western developed countries, the contribution of sports industry to economy has far exceeded that of traditional industry and become a new growth point of economic development. Although China's sports industry has made certain development, it is still in its infancy. Compared with the western developed countries, the development of China's sports industry is still relatively slow, and there are still some problems to be solved in the development of sports industry. This paper mainly studies the relationship between sports industry and economic development in China. Based on the statistical index data of national economy and sports industry development from 2011 to 2020, the relationship between sports industry development and national economic growth in China is empirically analyzed by using mathematical statistics and VAR model. According to the research results, there is a high correlation between the sports industry and economic development. The development of the sports industry is based on a certain level of economic growth of the country, while the development of the sports industry at a certain stage will have a multiplier effect. It is proved that the state should contribute to the development of the sports industry, because this ensures the symbiotic development of the national economy, which generally leads to an increase in the quality of life. To do this, it is necessary to stimulate the activity of the sports market and create a fair and open system of legal support, as well as standardize the assessment and supervision system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of China Tourism Research is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of 3C Empresa is the property of Area de Innovacion y Desarrollo, SL and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper discussed modern macroeconomics vis-à-vis Islamic economics. A description is given of the relevant macroeconomic fields under relevant headings and then discussed, scrutinized and Islamic perspective offered. The paper believed that capitalist macroeconomy is unsustainable and detrimental to human welfare and environment and that Islamic model is the best model to sustain human welfare, environment and economic growth and the only option we have to replace capitalist system of economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of the paper is to illustrate the broad cultural context affecting the economy and the consequences of economic development in the natural environment and social development. Design/methodology/approach: The method chosen was the analysis of literature on the subject in Polish, English and Chinese language. Findings: The article presents the ancient Chinese point of view on the idea of harmony between a human being and the nature, as well as the reasons behind the origin of the People’s Republic of China’s direction towards sustainable development. It is influenced by both the imbalance between economic growth and environmental degradation, as well as social challenges. Originality/value: The paper shows and explains the main problems faced by the economic development, as well as the roots of socio-economic behavior on a cultural basis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this article is to describe the main directions for developing the global technology and innovation cluster Greater Bay Area (gba) in China. Strengthening productivity and enhancing innovation have become focal points of the country’s next phase of economic growth. Under the conditions of the depleting traditional sources of growth and economic development in China, the initiatives aimed at the development of cluster structures play an important role in improving competitiveness, innovation and innovativeness of the economy. Among them, attention should be paid to the ambitious project to connect the major cities from the southern coast of China with Hong Kong and Macau into a cluster to provide an integrated economic and business centre of modern China. The main research question is: What are the opportunities and challenges in making the cluster concept at the initial stage of development a reality? A descriptive, comparative and analytical method has been used. The analysis has led to a few main conclusions. The gba cluster has a great development potential. Creating a fully integrated region under the conditions of a collision between different legal, administrative systems and currency and business practices is a challenge. In order for a cluster to grow, it is essential to strengthen regional cooperation and to continue efforts to eliminate institutional and legal barriers in the region, to introduce incentives to encourage the establishment and development of cooperation between cluster participants, to provide reliable information and data on changes in the legal sphere and economic forecasts, and to create high quality local relationships to build and strengthen mutual partnership and trust. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Imbalance of regional development trends is strongly correlated over time and across provinces, paralleled the growth of the economic quality and even influenced by exogenous variables. In this paper, a regional 'two-way' theory based on 'input and output' is proposed, reflecting the current state of economic quality development comprehensively. An 'inverse absolute dispersion method' came up with calculating the Quality of Economic Imbalance in Regional Development (QEIRD) after the measurement of economic quality is obtained by the total factor productivity (TFP). Moreover, the distribution of Chi-square is fitted to classify the grades of QEIRD, and the causes of QEIRD are analyzed via exogenous variables and regional decomposition under the panel data from China at the provincial level. The results indicate that the new method of measuring QEIRD based on TFP is scientific and reasonable in China at the country level. Secondly, the results obtained from the three regional decomposition ways are highly consistent, showing that the QEIRD from China has been diminishing, though not continuously and more so in some periods and regions, and being in a transition from stage three to stage two. Thirdly, the mainspring of total QEIRD is from the between-regions QEIRD; however, the rate of the within-region QEIRD is increasing cannot be neglected. In addition, exogenous variables have a crucial role in reducing QEIRD; it is a long-term and unremitting efforts to achieve stage one and move toward coordinated regional development in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, China has become the world’s second largest economy behind only the United States of America. Until 1994, China used the fixed exchange rate and dual pricing system. A sharp fall in global oil prices aggravates the global downturn. Our key data were gotten from Macrotrends expertise in economic development and exchange rates. GDP Growth rate was more fluctuating pattern (variance 0.014, standard deviation 0.122) than exchange rate (Variance 0.004, standard deviation 0.07). From 1990-2019 both variables were analyzed. That means these do not vary systematically over time. In other words, they are time invariant. Regressing two series that are non-stationary likewise, yields a spurious (or nonsense) regression. So, to check it lets check the rule of thumb. We found a Durbin Watson Statistic of 0.612 and R square of 0.117. If we look the calculated t statistic with critical values at 5% significance level only Domestic Demand shows a significant relationship (4.00 >2.756) with GDP of China. A variety of analytical studies suggest that Competitive Exchange Rate strategies are suitable for economic development. We also argued that, considering some constraints on usable policy alternatives, there are theoretical origins in a policy approach such as an ideal strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Internet has revolutionized the patterns of financial development and economic growth. To assess the impacts of internet penetration on the financial industry, this paper analyzed ten-year Chinese provincial panel data and concluded that regional Internet penetration accelerates financial development. Furthermore, the efficiency of Internet investment in underdeveloped provinces is better than that in developed provinces. More meaningfully, Internet penetration promotes the transparency of the securities market and regional financial participation. This indicates that Internet technology facilitates the advancement of the finance industry and the securities market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to investigate the influence of rapid economic development on pollution at the municipal level in China. It constructs a Stochastic Impacts by Regression on Population, Affluence and Technology model (STIRPAT model) and uses comprehensive municipal data on industrial pollution and economic performance. The dataset contains 290 cities from 2003 to 2016 as a sample for the panel data analysis. The study further separates the cities into two groups by their levels of economic development for heterogeneity analysis. It reveals that a low level of economic development would aggravate environmental pollution, and when the economy reaches a high level, this economic development will improve environmental quality. We also find that the relationships between foreign direct investment and industrial dust and sulfur dioxide (SO2) discharge are significant, while the relationship between economic growth and effluent emission is not. The more developed subsample cities present an inverted U-shaped curve between industrial pollutant emission, GDP per capita, and foreign direct investment, while the less developed subsamples show no such relationship. Since the shape of these curves differs among regions, their turning points vary accordingly. Based on this finding, this study suggests that the governments of more developed cities should balance environmental pollution and economic development by enhancing environmental regulations and adjusting industrial structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study uses China's provincial panel data for 2003–2016 to estimate the turning point of technology spillovers promoting economic growth in the coastal and inland areas. The results show that the turning point in coastal areas is significantly higher than that in inland areas. However, improved absorptive capacity as a result of regional disparity increases the threshold of technology spillovers from promotion to suppression in inland areas but decreases it in coastal areas. Then, this study further tests the threshold characteristics of absorptive capacity factors influencing international technology spillovers using a double-threshold regression model and estimates the threshold values of both forward and reverse spillovers from the viewpoint of knowledge context, economic development, opening degree and human resources infrastructure. In conclusion, the effect of absorptive capacity factors on international spillovers is nonlinear, that is, when absorptive capacity factors are between the two threshold values, technology spillovers are maximised. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the "resource curse" and "financial threshold effect" that may exist in China and then uses the data from 30 provinces from 2004 to 2018 as research samples. We used linear regression and nondynamic panel threshold models to analyze the financial threshold effects of the "resource curse" hypothesis and the "resource curse" phenomenon. At the same time, we divided the level of financial development to verify the robustness of the research conclusions in this paper. The study found the following: (1) There is a certain correlation between the abundance of resources and economic growth. Whether this can be seen as a "curse" or a "blessing" of resources is significantly related to the degree of financial development. (2) Whether financial development can alleviate the "resource curse" depends on the degree of financial development. In the extremely scarce stage of financial resources, the resource endowment effect is obvious, and the level of economic development in resource-based regions will be higher than in other regions; when the level of financial development is low (financial resources are not scarce and have not reached a reasonable level), the phenomenon of the "resource curse" appears; when the level of financial development is highly developed, economic development benefits more from financial development, and the effects of resource endowment decline. Only when financial development is at a reasonable level can resource endowments effectively raise the level of economic development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drawing on a unique dataset from 30 studies on the finance-growth nexus in China, our prime objective is to examine the link between financial development and economic growth. After accounting for publication bias and between-study heterogeneity using meta-regression analysis, we find that the publication bias-corrected finance-growth nexus is positive and statistically significant. Interestingly, our findings also show that, when publication bias is corrected, the banking sector development plays a more crucial role in economic growth in China than the stock market development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article is written to highlight the ways in which China engages in the competition to conquer world supremacy. China is regularly hailed as a potential new superpower. There are views on rapid economic progress, increasing military power, a very large population and increasing its international influence, as signs that it will play an important role in the world in the 21st century. However, other opinions warn that economic chimeras and demographic imbalances could slow or even stop China's economic growth. The Chinese dream is a concept that has been promoted by the Chinese president Xi Jinping since late 2012 within the Chinese society to describe a set of personal and national paragons for the future of China. It is currently widely used by journalists, governmental officials, and activists to describe the individual's role in the Chinese society, as well as the Chinese nation's goals for the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming at solving the problem of system external impact on China's general aviation industry, combining functional theory and grey system theory, and applying Bayesian network reasoning technology, a grey Bayesian network reasoning prediction model of system impact and system control is established. Based on the dynamic deduction of the functional analysis factor of system impact evolution, the flight time of general aviation production operation is selected to predict the development trend of the system. Based on the current period information of the general aviation industry, the grey Bayesian network inference prediction model is used to predict the current and future trends, so as to predict the economic development trend of the general aviation industry in China. The prediction results are more accurate than those of other existing models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The relationship between R&D input, R&D output and economic growth is divergent. • Most of positive associations are found in non-peripheral regions and non-state owned sectors. • Social filters are more effective under non-peripheral regions and non-state owned sectors. • The social filters have a key role in innovation and growth. This study explores the relationship between R&D investment and economic growth in China, using a newly collected panel data set. Specifically, we investigate how social filters are connected to R&D output. Instead of linking R&D investment directly to economic performance, we adopt a two-step strategy which identifies the impact R&D investment on R&D output, and then study the causal links between R&D output and economic development. Our results suggest that the relationship between R&D input, R&D output and economic growth diverges by different region and sectors. Most of positive associations stem from non-peripheral regions and non-state owned sectors. Social filters are also more effective under these circumstances. These results reveal the complexity of relationships between R&D efforts and economic performance and point to the important role of social filters in innovation and growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The goal of green finance is to pursue the coordinated development of financial activities, environmental protection, and ecological balance. This study aims to examine the impact of green finance on economic development and environmental quality. Data concerning green finance, economic development, and environmental quality for 30 provinces and municipalities in China from 2010 to 2017 are used. First, the global principal component analysis is adopted to develop a green finance development index. Second, a model of the impact of green finance on economic development is constructed, which indicates that the development of green finance plays a role in promoting economic development. Next, emissions of industrial smoke (powder) dust, industrial solid waste, and carbon dioxide are used to represent the environmental variables, and a model of the impact of green finance on environmental quality is proposed. The model shows that green finance has a positive effect on environment improvement. However, the impact of green finance on environmental quality varies for different levels of economic development. Finally, based on the theory of the environmental Kuznets curve, a model of the impact of green finance on the relationship between economic development and environmental quality is developed. The model indicates that green finance can significantly improve this relationship, creating a win-win situation regarding economic development and the environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper establishes one comprehensive index system and investigates the coupling coordination between tourism development and economic growth of Beichuan County following the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake, as well as examines the causal relationship. The results of the coupling coordination degree model (CCDM) illustrate that the coordinating level of tourism development and economic growth increases in 2001–2017, with strong fluctuation in 2008. The causal results using unit root test, Cointegration test, and Grange causal test show that tourism can significantly promote economic growth in 2008–2017. The outcomes may be attributed to the disaster shock, macro-policy and government-led reconstruction mode. Lastly, the theoretical and practical implications for policymakers are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Theoretical researchers and policy makers have been using both traditional production factors and relatively new production factors to explain the different growth rates in different countries and regions. However, as pollution becomes more serious, the ecological environment gradually becomes an important part of the national (regional) development strategy. Few scholars have laid their hands on energy and environmental factors in the study of China's economic growth. On the contrary, they have frequently considered physical and human capital accumulation as the main sources of China's economic growth. Thus, strong sustainability should attract more attention from researchers. This article attempts to shed light on the sources of China's economy from the perspective of strong sustainability. Employing a Cobb-Douglas production function, this paper introduces environment pollution, as a key natural capital, and energy consumption into the economic accounting framework. We also introduce government intervention, financial structure, industrial structure and degree of openness into the framework of total factor productivity to examine the effectiveness of the Chinese government's direct and indirect participation in the markets. Then, we use the long-term growth accounting equation of China to decompose its economic growth and to analyze the decomposition results dynamically. In addition, this paper analyzes the short-term change of China's economic growth by using a VAR model. The results revealed three facts. First, we find an inverted U-shaped relationship between the degree of openness and the industrial structure and their marginal growth effects, a U-shaped relationship between the financial structure and its marginal growth effect and a negative relationship between the government intervention and gross domestic product growth. Secondly, China's economic development approach was still extensive and unsustainable, and it should follow a model that relies more on total factor productivity and relies less on ecological factors. China's economic growth mainly depended on physical capital and energy consumption, and environment pollution was also a necessary byproduct of economic growth, however, the contribution of human capital and total factor productivity were small. Last but not the least, in the short term, the total factor productivity was an important source of China's economic growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Xi Jinping's new era of socialist economic thought, rooted in the great practice of China's economic construction, systematically explains the issue of China's economic development and reform, and clearly answers the important questions of how the economic situation is to be judged, how to judge the development stage, how to determine the development goals, and how to do economic work. Xi Jinping's new era of the socialist economy with Chinese characteristics, system integrity, broad depth, logic and strict, each aspect of the discourse has a creative and vital point of view, forward-looking strategic deployment and "four beams and eight pillars" of the key initiatives. Combining the in-depth study of Xi Jinping's new era socialist ideology with Chinese characteristics and the spirit of the Party's 19th National Congress, this paper tries to sort out Xi Jinping's new era socialist economic thought with Chinese characteristics from five aspects, such as direction theory, goal theory, epistemology, strategy theory, and bottom-line theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In view of the problems existing in the evaluation index selection and whether the evaluation method is too simple to evaluate the coordinated development of regional economy. Based on the comprehensive analysis of the definition of the coordinated development of regional economy, this paper discusses the definition of the scientific connotation of the coordinated development of regional economy and puts forward three evaluation indexes for coordinated development of regional economy (the degree of regional economic integration, the degree of regional economic development gap, and the speed of regional economic development). In view of the diversity of evaluation factors and the fuzziness of the relationship between evaluation indexes, this paper uses the fuzzy classification statistical model to evaluate the coordinated development of regional economy and established a regional economic development coordination management system based on fuzzy hierarchical statistical model to evaluate the degree of regional economic coordinated development. Finally, the eastern region and the central and western regions are taken as the object of study. The analysis results show that the conclusion drawn from the model is basically consistent with the actual situation in China. This model can effectively manage the coordinated development of regional economy in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research contributes to the literature on civil health, well-being, and economic growth in China by investigating waterborne disease. The results show that the country's civil health and well-being receive scant attention compared to its economic growth. A reduction in the proportion of the second industry does not negatively impact economic growth, but is one effective way to improve civil health and well-being. Conversely, a high sewage charge is not an efficient factor to improve civil health and well-being in China. The east region has the most prosperous economic development compared to central and west regions, but it should focus the most on its environmental sanitation construction versus the other two regions. The productivity improvements of economic growth, civil health, and well-being mainly come from the management innovation effect instead of the technology innovation effect. Lastly, research and development as well as technology licensing are effective at enhancing the technology innovation effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The degree of economic-water system coupling coordination in the YRB was investigated. • Obtaining EKC curves in the YRB from the perspective of GWFL. • The moderating effects of different types of environmental regulations are revealed. • Provide policy support to achieve the synergistic improvement of both the environmental and economical quality of the YRB. The Yellow River Basin (YRB) is the most important ecological barrier and economical area in China. A national strategy of China now encompasses the ecological preservation and high-quality development of the YRB. Environmental regulation is a key strategy to reduce the environmental resources consumption generated by economic expansion in the YRB and to achieve economic and environmental synergistic development. Provincial panel data from 2005 to 2020 of nine provinces in the YRB were utilized to construct an economic-water system in the YRB. Coupled and econometric models were combined to explore the relationship between economic development and greywater footprint loads (GWFL) in the YRB. Moreover, different types of environmental regulations variables were introduced into the model to reveal the moderating effect. The results showed that 1) Each province in the YRB exhibits a different level of coupling coordination and exhibits variability. 2) In the YRB, the association between GWFL and economic growth displayed an inverted "N" curve. The baseline regression results remain robust after controlling for the spatial spillover and time-lagged effects of economic development on GWFL. 3) Environmental regulations will accelerate the inhibitory effect of economic development on GWFL. This study can offer valuable policy insights in achieving the synergistic improvement of both environmental and economic quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relationship between China's urbanization and economic development (RCUED) is an important concern nationwide. As important actors in regional strategy and policy, county-level regions have played an increasingly significant role in the development of China's social economy. However, the existing research on the RCUED lacks the fine depiction of the county-level administrative units. Using 2000 and 2010 census data and the statistical analysis method, we uncovered the evolution characteristics of China's urbanization and economic development and conducted a quantitative identification for the RCUED with improved methods using the quadrant map approach. In addition, we investigated the spatial correlation effect of the RCUED using the spatial autocorrelation analysis method. The results were as follows: 1) In general, a high degree of matching exists between China's urbanization and economic development at the county level at the significance level of 0.01. The correlation coefficients between China's urbanization and economic development in 2000 and 2010 were 0.608 and 0.603, respectively. 2) A significant regional difference exists in the RCUED at the county level. Based on a comparative analysis of 2276 county units in China in the two years, we found that county units can be categorized as under-urbanized, basic coordination and over-urbanized in various areas. No situation was observed where urbanization seriously lagged behind the economic development level, so the levels of urbanization and economic development appear to be basically coordinated, and the coordination state may be gradually optimized over time. 3) Over time, the spatial dependency of the RCUED has weakened and the spatial heterogeneity has increased. Northeast China has always been an area characterized by over-urbanization. The number of county units classified as under-urbanized has begun to decline in eastern coastal urban agglomeration areas, while counties rich in resources have transformed from having point-shaped over-urbanization to plane-shaped under-urbanization along the northern border, and the number of over-urbanized county units has increased in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. 4) 'Lag-lag' type and 'advance-advance' type accounted for 68% of all counties in China, and these counties were shown to have obvious spatial differentiation characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Increasing evidence shows that global warming has exerted important influence on the economies of societies in the past and will continue to have effects in the future. The provinces of China differ substantially in terms of their temperatures and their degrees of economic development. Therefore, discussion of the positive and negative effects of global warming on economic development at the provincial level is beneficial for determining the effects of global warming on economic development in different provinces, and this discussion also helps to answer the question of how to increase the resilience of economies to global warming. This paper studies the effects of annual average temperature changes on economic growth in the 31 provinces of China from 1978 to 2013 (here referred to as the historical period) and in the 5 typical provinces from 2010 to 2100 (here referred to as the future) under the RCP8.5 scenario. The results indicate that (a) from 1978 to 2013, economic growth exhibits a quadratic nonlinear response to local temperature in all provinces of China and that temperature has both positive and negative effects on the economic growth rates of different provinces. In addition, taking 23.37 °C as a threshold value, over 96% of the provinces display positive effects. (b) Under the RCP8.5 scenario, from 2010 to 2100, although the 5 typical provinces maintain trends reflecting economic growth, the average rate of growth is 80% lower than the value during the historical period. The purpose of this study is to draw the attention of the government to the implications of future global warming for the economic development of different provinces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Yu, J., 2019. Real economic development model of coastal cities based on point and axis development theory. In: Guido-Aldana, P.A. and Mulahasan, S. (eds.), Advances in Water Resources and Exploration. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 93, pp. 791–797. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. The regional particularity of the coastal city determines the direction of its economic development, and the economic development mode of the coastal city mainly focuses on the seafood culture, the coastal tourism and the foreign trade port, processing and so on. In order to quantify and analyze that economic development model of the coastal urban entity, the economic development model of the coastal urban entity based on the point-axis development theory is put forward. In this paper, the effective way to study the economic development of the coastal urban entities in the context of the innovation and driving development is studied, and the main difficulties facing the economic and innovation development of the current coastal urban entities are analyzed, and the development bottleneck of the economic development of the current coastal urban entities is found. The quantitative evaluation and analysis model of the economic development model of the coastal urban entity based on the quantitative regression analysis is constructed, and the panel data fusion analysis of the economic development mode of the coastal urban entity is realized by using the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. By adopting the fuzzy correlation constraint control method, the innovation driving planning and design of the economic development mode of the coastal urban entity is carried out, and the correlation analysis of the profit level and the profit quality of the economic enterprise of the coastal urban entity is realized. The validity of the economic development model of the coastal city is realized by combining the statistical analysis and the test method. Taking the economic example of the 200 coastal cities of China's coastal port cities as an example, the empirical analysis shows that the model can effectively and continuously innovate and drive the quantitative assessment of the economic development model of the coastal urban entities under the sustainable innovation driving strategy. The net profit rate index of the total assets of the coastal city solid economic enterprise is steadily improved, and the risk-risk ability of the coastal city solid economic enterprise is improved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The regional particularity of the coastal city determines the direction of its economic development, and the economic development mode of the coastal city mainly focuses on the seafood culture, the coastal tourism and the foreign trade port, processing and so on. In order to quantify and analyze that economic development model of the coastal urban entity, the economic development model of the coastal urban entity based on the pointaxis development theory is put forward. In this paper, the effective way to study the economic development of the coastal urban entities in the context of the innovation and driving development is studied, and the main difficulties facing the economic and innovation development of the current coastal urban entities are analyzed, and the development bottleneck of the economic development of the current coastal urban entities is found. The quantitative evaluation and analysis model of the economic development model of the coastal urban entity based on the quantitative regression analysis is constructed, and the panel data fusion analysis of the economic development mode of the coastal urban entity is realized by using the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. By adopting the fuzzy correlation constraint control method, the innovation driving planning and design of the economic development mode of the coastal urban entity is carried out, and the correlation analysis of the profit level and the profit quality of the economic enterprise of the coastal urban entity is realized. The validity of the economic development model of the coastal city is realized by combining the statistical analysis and the test method. Taking the economic example of the 200 coastal cities of China's coastal port cities as an example, the empirical analysis shows that the model can effectively and continuously innovate and drive the quantitative assessment of the economic development model of the coastal urban entities under the sustainable innovation driving strategy. The net profit rate index of the total assets of the coastal city solid economic enterprise is steadily improved, and the risk-risk ability of the coastal city solid economic enterprise is improved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper aims to reveal the main aspects of the global demographic evolution between 1800-2017 and the prospect until 2100, as well as the shocks recorded in diff erent parts of the globe. The analysis begins with the real view of the demographic situation of the world population of the twentieth century. The increase in population is quite fast, but the share of the population in the continents should not be neglected, so that Europe has a quarter of the world's population at the end of the 20th century, and today holds only 10%. Demographic expansion and economic development have evolved interactively by mutually reinforcing, which continued throughout the 21st century. The impact of demographic shock on growth is evident in the economic evolution of the most populous countries like China and India. In conclusion, local and planetary sustainable development policies and programs require food, housing, health care, education, transport and infrastructure, social organization, entertainment, security, etc., which implies an integration of the demographic evolution with the economic evolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article analyses the debate that exists in regard to the forces behind economic development through looking at the retail industry in China. The author questions whether economic development is stimulated more by market forces or when it is centrally planned. In observing free market trade in developing countries and by comparing China's retail sector with its state-owned sector, the author attempts to predict what will happen to the Chinese economy as the result of the economic decision to develop a free market system.

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• Environmental regulation affects economic growth through green innovation. • When green innovation exceeds the second threshold, the marginal of environmental regulation on economic growth effect is weakened. • The regional specific heterogeneity effect. • The panel threshold models are less commonly used in environmental research, this paper employ these to analyze. Behind the rapid economic growth, the problems of environmental pollution have gradually become prominent. Environmental regulation is an important means for the government to deal with environmental problems in economic development and promote the construction of ecological civilization. Using the provincial data of China from 2005 to 2020, this paper studies the intermediary effect and threshold effect of green innovation in the process of environmental regulation affecting economic growth. The stepwise regression model of intermediary effect shows that environmental regulation promotes green innovation significantly, which further promotes economic growth. The panel threshold regression model shows that when green innovation is below 7.984 (the second threshold), environmental regulation positively affects economic growth, and when green innovation exceeds the second threshold, their marginal effects weaken. Further research shows that there is the regional specific heterogeneity effect. This paper analysis from 4 regions of China. When green innovation exceeds a certain threshold (eastern threshold is 4.382, central threshold is 6.553, western threshold is 5.037, northeastern threshold is 5.347), it decreases the marginal impact effect each region. The research results can provide reference for the government to formulate reasonable policies to balance environment and economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Shanghai–Kunming high-speed railway spans the eastern, central, and western regions of China and is an important "horizontal" in the "eight vertical and eight horizontal" railway network of China. This paper estimates the direct impact of opening a high-speed railway on the spatial patterns of regional economic development along the route by integrating GIS technology, spatial panel data models, and the entropy method. The results show that the high-speed railway can significantly increase the economic aggregate and urbanization rates along the route and promote the upgrading of industrial structures, but it has a limited effect on the economic growth rate, showing a weak trend. In terms of spatial patterns, the high-speed railway significantly improves regional accessibility, the strength of economic ties, and economic potential along the route. The regional economy is characterized by weak spatial agglomeration and presents a trend of balanced development. In general, although the economic effect of HSR for the economically lagged regions is smaller in the short term than that in the economically and less economically developed regions, the high-speed railway has the greatest impact on regional economic development and spatial patterns in economically backward areas, thus the economically backward regions have a greater posterior advantage, which is conducive to balancing regional economies and narrowing regional differences. • Impact of the Shanghai–Kunming HSR have been investigated. • The Shanghai–Kunming HSR can increase the economic aggregate and urbanization rates along the route. • The Shanghai–Kunming HSR has a limited effect on the economic growth rate. • The HSR has the greatest impact on economic development and spatial patterns in economically backward areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reassesses the nexus between bank-based financial development and economic growth in Hong Kong during the period 1990 - 2014. That is, it tests whether Hong Kong follows a supply-leading or a demand-following hypothesis. Empirically, economists have generally disagreed on the nexus between bank-based financial development and economic growth. Hong Kong is a typical economy which has experienced both bank-based financial expansion and economic expansion in the last three decades. It therefore serves as a quintessence for testing this overarching debate. Using the Toda-Yamamoto test for causality and two indicators of bank-based financial development - in order to report robust results - the paper finds Hong Kong to follow the supply-leading hypothesis. This implies that the banking sector is vital in driving economic growth in Hong Kong during the study period. Policymakers in this economy will only enhance economic growth further by targeting and ensuring efficient performance of bank-based financial institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

National civilized city selection activity organized by Chinese government is a kind of policy taking both environmental protection and economic growth into consideration. It is of great importance to high-quality economic growth of China. This paper mainly selects data of 280 at and above prefecture-level cities in China from 2005 to 2016 and combines multi-stage difference-in-differences model to test the impacts of national civilized city selection on green total factor productivity (GTFP). The empirical results show that national civilized city selection activity can significantly promote the GTFP and have strong robustness. And the positive influence can be achieved through the mechanism of city innovation. In addition, heterogenous effects exist under different city administrative hierarchies and different regions. Finally, conclusions of this research for one thing provide empirical evidences for mutual development of economic growth and environmental protection; for another thing, this paper enriches policy evaluation researches of national civilized city by including environmental factors in total factor productivity calculation. • City carbon emission is used in evaluating green total factor productivity (GTFP). • National civilized city selection has positive impact on GTFP and is robust. • City innovation plays a vital role in the process of the policy promotes GTFP. • The policy effect varies in different city administrative hierarchies and regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]