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This article examines Brazil's economic experience between 2003 and 2016, its limits in promoting development and structural change while analyzing the policies adopted and their consequences. The economic growth model based on the conciliation of competing interests and the maintenance of liberal orthodoxy proved unsustainable in the medium term. Maintaining the overvalued exchange rate and high-interest rate hindered industry and national development. The timid attempt at developmentalism could not contain the process of deindustrialization and financialization. The neoliberal agenda was maintained, which prevented structural changes and deepened financialization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We analyze the hypothesis that variations on manufacturing investment are influenced by the difference between the real effective and industrial equilibrium exchange rates and by the difference between the current account and industrial equilibrium exchange rates (a proxy for the Dutch disease). The current account equilibrium exchange rate is defined as the rate that guarantees that the current account of a country is balanced intertemporally, and the industrial equilibrium exchange rate corresponds to the rate that makes competitive those companies producing internationally tradable non-commodities goods and services in the so-called state-of-art. First, the concepts and methodologies for estimating the current account and industrial equilibrium exchange rate are explained. Then, to test our hypothesis, a database for 24 Brazilian manufacturing sectors was built from 2007 to 2017. A dynamic panel data model was adopted to estimate the relationship between these currency misalignments and the manufacturing investment. The results suggest that the magnitude of those differences influences investment decisions, potentially contributing to economic growth and development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We develop a structural decomposition analysis (SDA) to identify the importance of mid-high and high technological intensity (MH&HT) manufacturing and services to the changes in gross output for Brazil and Mexico between 2000 and 2014. We break down the output changes in the composition and level of final demand, the production technique (technical coefficients), and the trade pattern (share of imports in the total supply of inputs and final goods). The results show that the MH&HT importance tends to be pro-cyclical in the two economies, increasing during periods of more remarkable economic growth (2000-2008 for Brazil and 2010-2014 for Mexico). This relation tends to be perceived for manufacturing and less so for services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For decades, the most used mainstream model for economic growth and development was that used and promoted by the global north. However, this model has not seen the same results in the developing global south as it has in the developed global north. BRICS emerged as an organisation that presented an alternative means to the global north's approach to economic growth and development. This article examines whether BRICS membership has fostered the economic growth and development of South Africa and Brazil. This article examines the five years before and after Brazil and South Africa joined BRICS. Key findings of the study are that economic growth and development gains have been minimal. The study concludes that Brazil and South Africa have achieved political gains from their BRICS membership, which is considered to offset the absence of tangible economic growth and development gains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Capital stock is possessing pivotal importance in stimulating the economic growth and development of any country. Inward FDI is considered as one of the important catalysts of economic development particularly for the resource and capital poor countries. In this article we have examined the relationship between inward FDI and economic growth in case of one of the emerging economies of Latin America i.e., Brazil. We took annual time series data for the dependent and independent variables like inward FDI, per capita Gross Domestic Product (GDP), employment, capital formation, and exports for the period ranging from 1996 to 2019. We ran Ordinary Least Square Regression and Random Effect Regression Analysis for gauging the nature of relationship between the variables as well as for testing the robustness of the results. We found that FDI has a positive and significant relationship with GDP and the exports. Whereas, FDI has insignificant relationship with the employment and capital formation. The article holds an important policy implication for the other developing countries of Latin America; they need to attract good amount of inward FDI to achieve the robust economic growth and development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Technology and innovation have become indispensible for economic success since they are basic variables within the country's growth and economic development process. The structure of Brazilian exports will be evaluated according to their technological and demand profile through Lall's technological taxonomy (2000), for 2007-2017. The Structuralist/Schumpeterian theoretical basis is employed, or rather, what every country produces and, consequently, exports, is relevant to attain technological dynamism, increase in productivity and income. Three indexes of international commerce are determined, namely Market-Share (MS), Revealed Comparative Advantage Index (RCAI) and Contribution to Surplus Index (CSI), whilst the Competitive Matrix developed by CEPAL was employed to examine the Brazilian export performance. Results of indexes demonstrate that the only sectors that have (1) market participation greater than Brazilian general average; (2) revealed comparative advantages; 3) contribution to surplus of positive commercial balance in all the years under analysis were Primary Products (PP) and Natural Resources Bases (RB1 and RB2). The commercial insertion of Brazil within the world market is still vulnerable since it is concentrated on primary products, only slightly complex, with low aggregate value and low innovatory content. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to present environmental licensing as a public state policy and an instrument capable of technically evaluating business activity in the face of the discourse of economic growth. In this context, after the Stockholm Convention, with the strong environmental sentiment instituted by the world and, consequently, with the issue of specific legislation in the environmental area of Brazil, companies had to subordinate their activities to the State. With this situation, we confront the Right to the ecologically balanced environment and economic development, both present in Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil of 1988, in contrast to the foundations of Foucault's theory of power. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper empirically examined relevant data on BRICS CO2 emissions, financial development, and economic growth in the past 40 years, and analyzed the correlation between them. Using the cointegration test, it found that there is a clear correlation between the variables in China and South Africa, which show that there is a two-way relationship between CO2 emissions, financial development, and economic growth in both countries. Using the quantile regression method in the analysis, the results demonstrated that at the 0.6th quartile, South Africa's financial development had a negative impact on CO2 emissions, while Brazil's CO2 emissions had a negative impact on financial development. Economic growth was subsequently added as a control variable, and the quantile-on-quantile regression method was used to test the correlation between the financial development of the BRICS countries and their CO2 emissions. Finally, based on empirical conclusions, this paper proposed that BRICS countries should focus on sustainable economic development; when government departments formulate emission-reduction policies, they must reasonably consider the relationship between financial development and emission-reduction policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the merits of contemporary economic analysis is its capacity to offer accounts of choice behavior that dispense with details of the complex decision machinery. The starting point of this paper is the concern with the important methodological debate about whether economics might offer accurate predictions and explanations of actual behavior without any reference to psychological presuppositions. Inspired by an exercise of rational reconstruction of ideas, I aim to offer an interpretation of the process of freeing economic analysis from psychology at the end of the 19th century and the contemporary resurrection of behavioral approaches in the late 1980s. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]