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How much is hegemony and how much is self-determination in the higher education systems in Southeast Asia? This paper argues that while the question of centre and periphery is still relevant to the analysis of international university systems, the analytical frameworks from which it has arisen may lose viability in the long term. Southeast Asian states are making use of higher education to act in ways that will contribute to the altering of their peripheral position in the global economic and political system. While changes in Southeast Asian higher education are closely tied to global markets and follow what sometimes appears to be a dependent pattern of adaptations driven by Western developed economies, the paper argues that there is also a significant amount of resistance. As Southeast Asian countries adapt in ways that help embed economic globalisation within their national landscape, the manner in which the adaptation occurs is more selective, open, and democratic than before. Moreover, while global communication with core (centre) university systems has been more open and transparent, the system is closed to direct intervention from the outside, making hegemony a less plausible explanation for the manner in which the system is reacting within the new global environment of financial interdependency.

This paper estimates the distribution of educational returns by gender for India. While previous studies focus on mean returns, the variance of educational returns has important implications for policy-making and micro-level decision making with respect to education. If the variance of educational returns is large, it can leave large sections of the population with negative returns; if the variance of educational returns is gender specific, it can influence households' decisions to educate girls versus boys. Our econometric results provide evidence that India's labor markets are characterized by significant uncertainty and that the uncertainty is systematically larger for women. (Contains 3 tables and 4 figures.)

There is a strong correlation between urbanization and economic development, where cities presently contribute approximately 60% to the GDP and which is expected to increase to 75% by 2030, also affect on the development of Real Estate market. The Guwahati city is rightly termed as the engines of economic growth and innovation. This pace and scale of urbanization is unprecedented for India. Consequently, a number of key policy and governance challenges have emerged in recent years as uncontrolled and unplanned urbanization have continued to add pressure on civic infrastructure systems, where urban India remains underserved by utilities and suffers from inadequate housing stock. A recent study by a technical group constituted by MoHUPA has revealed that with population crossing 1.20 billion in 2011, the magnitude of housing shortage stood at 18.7 million units in 2012. Therefore, creating urban housing stock as a preventive strategy to contain ever-increasing slum population has become a top priority for sustainable urban planning and development. This paper tries to examine the valuation procedure followed in the valuation of real estate. The paper also highlights the various method of valuation method in vogue in the real estate. This paper also tries to analyse the determinants influencing the valuation of property. The paper also tries to bring out the challenges faced during the valuation of real estate in the Guwahati city of Assam. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose Manufacturing sector growth continues to be topical in the growth journey of Indian economy. The purpose of this paper is to present the modelling and analysis of the combined impact of three key driving sub-systems on the Indian manufacturing growth. It has provided relevant insights and recommendations for its sustainable growth.Design/methodology/approach The impact of three key driving sub-systems: quality of highway-related infrastructure, manufacturing labour productivity and circular material-consumption in the growth of manufacturing has been studied. A System Dynamics (SD) based model to understand long-term implications of the policy variables on manufacturing growth has been developed. Five scenarios have been simulated for analysis.Findings Seven policy variables have been identified which have a significant impact on Indian manufacturing growth. Some relevant insights from the analysis of SD based system-behaviour have been provided which would facilitate the manufacturing growth.Research limitations/implications The paper has addressed the dynamics of only three sub-systems in the study of manufacturing growth. The other sub-systems which also have an impact on the manufacturing growth: Good governance, education quality and technology are recommended to be studied through SD based modelling.Practical implications Specific recommendations for accelerating the manufacturing growth have been made in the paper which has strong practical implications for growth of Indian economy.Social implications Manufacturing sector continues to have a significant impact on the prosperity of India. It facilitates in enhancement of employment and the micro-economic health aspects. Therefore, there is a need to understand the dynamics of the key policy variables affecting manufacturing growth which is very relevant for the society at large.Originality/value An application of the SD approach to analyse long-term implication of policy variables of three sub-systems that have a significant impact in manufacturing growth and five specific recommendations to the policy makers is the value-add. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The changing population age structure has a significant influence on the economy, society, and numerous other aspects of a country. This paper has innovatively applied the method of compositional data forecasting for the prediction of population age changes of the young (aged 0–14), the middle-aged (aged 15–64), and the elderly (aged older than 65) in China, India, and Vietnam by 2030 based on data from 1960 to 2016. To select the best-suited forecasting model, an array of data transformation approaches and forecasting models have been extensively employed, and a large number of comparisons have been made between the aforementioned methods. The best-suited model for each country is identified considering the root mean squared error and mean absolute percent error values from the compositional data. As noted in this study, first and foremost, it is predicted that by the year 2030, China will witness the disappearance of population dividend and get mired in an aging problem far more severe than that of India or Vietnam. Second, Vietnam’s trend of change in population age structure resembles that of China, but the country will sustain its good health as a whole. Finally, the working population of India demonstrates a strong rising trend, indicating that the age structure of the Indian population still remains relatively “young”. Meanwhile, the continuous rise in the proportion of elderly population and the gradual leveling off growth of the young population have nevertheless become serious problems in the world. The present paper attempts to offer crucial insights into the Asian population size, labor market and urbanization, and, moreover, provides suggestions for a sustainable global demographic development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Developing nations increasingly seek mega-events in the pursuit of globalization. India has recently renewed such aspirations by hosting the XIX Commonwealth Games in Delhi in 2010. The purpose of the paper is to assess Delhi's urban transport development through a sporting mega-event as a globalization strategy for a developing country. Therefore, the authors comparatively analyse the transport plans pre-bid (2003) and transport legacies (2013). The authors argue that the alignment of the mega-event needs with Delhi's urban master plan was partially fulfilled as many infrastructural projects were catalysed. However, the Games also compelled the city to invest in developments that were required for the successful delivery of the Games. This paper contributes to the discussion on how mega-events influence urban planning and points out significant challenges and opportunities developing cities face when preparing for a sporting mega-event. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Purpose – This paper aims to discuss the opportunities and challenges that India offers in terms of leveraging the cultural and economic potential of the fairs and festivals. Design/methodology/approach – This paper sets the tone for the theme by evaluating “fairs and festivals” being organized all year round in different parts of the country, as drivers of economic growth and cultural continuity. Findings – The paper probes the key opportunities and challenges with respect to leveraging the cultural and economic potential of fairs and festivals in India. Practical implications – There are a number of practical implications for practitioners and policymakers that will allow India to optimally leverage the huge cultural and economic potential that the various fairs and festivals offer. This requires a holistic understanding that will ensure that aspirations and concerns of all key stakeholders are taken into account. Originality/value – The research through this theme issue will document the cultural and economic impact of a range of specific fairs and festivals in India. Can these cultural resources be sustained and deployed effectively to have a positive economic impact on the lives of communities connected? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME) considered as a growth engine of Indian economy. By its less capital intensive and high labour absorption nature, this sector has made significant contributions to employment generation and also to rural industrialization. However, lack of access to finance and timely credits as well as escalating cost are cited as important reasons for underutilization of the manufacturing capabilities of MSME. State Financial Corporations have been established to provide various types of financial and non-financial assistance to this sector. West Bengal Financial Corporation (WBFC) was setup in the year 1954 with the objective of providing financial assistance to MSME in the state of West Bengal. In this paper, an attempt has been made to analyze the performance of WBFC. Paper is based on secondary data and simple statistical tools and techniques have been used to analyses the data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The outbreak of the recent global financial crisis and the afterwards economic slowdown of the major trading associates of India have brought about one of the most difficult challenges to the international trade of India. Export and import, severely declined, leading to serious reductions in economic growth of India. Global trade volume growth rate declined to 2.8% in 2008 which was 7.3% in 2007. India's foreign trade also dropped parallel to global trade volumes. In the year 2007-08, India's exports and imports growth rate was 28.87% and 35.38% respectively, which reduced to 12.21% and 18.85% respectively in year 2008-09. Further the exports and imports growth rate had turned negative to -2.21% and -3.50% respectively in financial year 2009-10. In this paper, an analysis of India's foreign trade has been undertaken to see the impact of global financial crisis on international trade. The paper studies India's foreign trade by analyzing imports, exports and direction in detail. The analysis has been done by comparing all variables before, during and after the global financial crisis. Data for this purpose have been taken from the handbooks of statistics compiled by the RBI and Ministry of Commerce & Industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Decomposing the GDP growth from 1981 to 2004, this paper finds that innovation capacity has contributed significantly to the economic growth of China and India, especially in the 1990 s. Outputs of the national innovation system, measured by patents and high-tech/service exports, demonstrate the considerable progress China and India have made in innovation capacity. The enhanced innovation capacity of China and India is primarily due to their heavy investment in the inputs of innovation system, i.e., R&D expenditure and R&D personnel, in recent decades. This paper emphasizes the role that the governments have played in promoting innovation capacity and their contribution to economic development. Both governments have transformed their national innovation systems through linking the science sector with the business sector, providing incentives for innovation activities, and balancing import of technology and indigenous R&D effort. Using case studies of domestic biotech firms in China and India, this paper also offers micro-level insights on innovation capacity and economic development: (1) innovation capacity has become essential for domestic firms' market success and (2) global institutional factors and national government policies on innovation have considerable influence on the choice of innovation at the firm level, i.e., to conduct indigenous R&D or to import foreign technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The recent growth pattern of India is set in the context of the parallel experience of China, the experience of poverty reduction is reviewed, and a number of papers illuminating India's development are introduced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Entrepreneurship is the key driver of the country's economy. It is one of the best means for triggering economic and social development in developing countries like India. It provides employment to huge mass of people and also creates wealth for nation. India is the nation known for its youth population which is considered as its greatest asset, and at the same time, the biggest threat is youth unemployment. Hence, developing entrepreneurial skills among youth is more important for the growth of Indian economy. But surprisingly, youth is attracted less towards entrepreneurship as compared to other professions. This paper focuses on analyzing the entrepreneurial traits in youth and the socioeconomic factors influencing youth entrepreneurship. The paper helps in finding ways for promoting youth entrepreneurship and boosting the growth of the Indian economy as well. The research concludes that the potential of Indian youth is huge which should be properly harnessed and they should be properly channeled to be involved in entrepreneurship with ample support and encouragement from the family, society, government and educational institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Franchising in India is growing at a very fast rate and becoming a popular business model. Franchising, a form of entrepreneurship, could be a growth engine for the Indian economy in the coming years. The growing market has attracted foreign investors and India has become an important investment destination for the global retail chains. Globalization, liberalization and privatization have particularly changed retailing and resulted in the emergence of a new environment suiting consumers' changed attitude and purchasing practices. India is the second most attractive retail destination globally among the 30 emergent markets. The present paper makes an attempt to study the growth and prospects of retail franchising in India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Understanding the causality between energy consumption, carbon emissions and economic growth is helpful for policymakers to formulate energy, environmental and economic policies. For the first time, based on nonlinear dynamics, this paper employs multispatial convergent cross mapping (CCM) to revisit the energy-carbon-economy causation for China, India and the G7 countries using both aggregate data and per capita data. The findings indicate that there are significant differences between developing countries and developed countries. A bidirectional nexus between energy consumption, carbon emissions and economic growth is found in China and India, but various causal relationships are identified in the G7 countries, including bidirectional, unidirectional and neutral nexus. The results confirm that the decoupling phenomenon is common in most G7 countries. By leveraging a variety of samples and a new approach, this study provides new evidence for policy authorities to formulate country-specific policies to obtain better environmental quality while achieving sustainable economic growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses the role of services in India’s economy. Through analyzing global data on the relationship between services, manufacturing, and GDP, we show that the relationship of services to economic growth is complex and usually involves a consideration of the manufacturing sector. In India’s case, somewhat unusually, services and manufacturing grew independently of each other for many years. This independence was in large part due to public policies that encouraged low value-added, capital-intensive manufacturing through protectionist policies. This helps explain why both services and manufacturing were relatively low value added compared to other countries, such as China, that consciously sought to integrate the two sectors. We discuss policymakers’ options for promoting higher value-added services in India, what this means for the manufacturing sector, and the linkages between services and manufacturing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Research Papers of the Wroclaw University of Economics / Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wroclawiu is the property of Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny we Wroclawiu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

For a long time, India has been criticized for non-investor friendly destination. Considering the same, Ease of Doing Business has been one of the significant initiatives run by the current Government and is critical to the success of various policy initiatives such as Start-up India, Digital India, and Make in India etc. In the current global environment, where capital is scarce and there are countries competing for attracting the same capital, it is important to make India an investor-friendly destination. The first step toward this objective is to do away with multiple procedures, rules, regulations and red tape and bring more transparency and clarity in policies. This paper looks into the key initiatives, issues and challenges that India is facing in making it a key investment destination in Asia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose This paper aims to examine how financial development affects the growth of industries that are more dependent on external finance, demystifying the roles played by the banks, stock and bond markets.Design/methodology/approach The authors apply panel fixed-effects and dynamic panel generalized methods of moments on disaggregated industry-level data of the Indian manufacturing sector for the period of 2001-2015 to examine the relationship between financial development, banking market structure and economic growth.Findings The study finds that financial development has a significant impact on the growth process by reducing cost of external finance. Among the three sources of finance, the study finds that while the banking sector has been the most preferred source of external finance, increasing concentration and selective disbursement of credit have continued to dent the prospects of the industry. This paradoxical result explains the dismal performance of the Indian manufacturing sector.Originality/value The effect of financial development (encompassing banking market structure) on economic growth has received sparing attention. Related literature is unclear regarding the impact of banking market structure on the growth process in the context of emerging economies. The authors attempt to fill this important gap in the literature. Moreover, they add novelty to the literature by calculating the external dependence at the firm level, diverging from using US industry as a proxy for calculation of external dependence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Land is a factor of production like labour and capital but it is non-renewable natural resource and fixed in supply. With economic development, it has growing and competing demands. Hence, its access and efficient use for both agricultural and non-agricultural purposes become critical. Land policy in India is historically governed by ideology and political interests. Agricultural land reform policies led to present agrarian structure characterized by marginalization of land holdings, emergence of noncultivating owners and increasing current fallows. Policy on land acquisition for non-agricultural use is outdated and has emerged as a major contentious issue. An appropriate land policy and enabling legal and institutional framework is essential for achieving higher and sustainable economic development in India. This paper, therefore, examines political economy of land policy since independence and makes an attempt to bring out emerging issues and challenges pertaining to land policy for both agriculture and non-agricultural use from future economic development perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Effective relations between states and business have been increasingly identified as an important institution for sustaining economic development. This paper constructs quantitative indices measuring the quality of state-business relations (SBRs) across Indian states in the 1985-2008 period. It represents the first effort to systematically characterise SBRs across sub-national units within a country without resorting to subjective surveys. We discuss the possible sensitivity of the indices to minor and major definitional changes and examine the evolution of SBRs across Indian states and at the national level through the study of cross-sectional and secular trends in these indices. The results suggest that SBRs have improved over time in all states barring Bihar. Rankings of states in terms of the SBR index show varying time trends-stable and high ranks for states like Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, and Tamil Nadu, stable and low ranks for states like Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal, rapidly improving ranks for states like Haryana, Punjab and Rajasthan and swift deterioration in ranks for states like Bihar and Madhya Pradesh. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the past decade, literature on the development of the Indian it industry has proliferated. Yet, paradoxically, an understanding of the dynamics behind this process of 'industrial catch-up' has remained limited. This can in part be attributed to the ideological flavour of the majority of studies, supported by a conventional wisdom that has attempted to draw links between the 1991 liberalisation of the Indian economy and the emergence and growth of the sector. Such works have both misrepresented the state as an obstacle to growth and overlooked its interventionist, facilitating role which, contrary to neoliberal postures, has increased substantially from the 1990s. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate this literature, taking as point of departure a more rounded empirical account, bringing out the integral role of the state in promoting and determining the character of the Indian it industry's development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sustainable development can best be achieved by allowing markets to work within an Appropriate framework of cost efficient regulations and economic instruments. One of the major economic agents influencing overall industrial activity and economic growth is the financial Institutions such as banking sector. In a globalized economy, the industries and firms are vulnerable to stringent environmental policies, severe law suits or consumer boycotts. Since banking sector is one of the major stake holders in the Industrial sector, it can find itself faced with credit risk and liability risks. Further, environmental impact might affect the quality of assets and also rate of return of banks in the long-run. Thus the banks should go green and play a pro-active role to take environmental and ecological aspects as part of their lending principle, which would force industries to go for mandated investment for environmental management, use of appropriate technologies and management systems. This paper explores the importance of Green Banking, sites international experiences and highlights important lessons for sustainable banking and development in India. We are going to analysis in detail the conceptual frame work of green banking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

India passed the Geographical Indications of Goods (Registration & Protection) Act, 1999 in compliance with the Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPs) Agreement under the World Trade Organisation (WTO) Agreements which concluded in 1995. Article 22 of the TRIPs Agreement defines Geographical Indication as 'the indications which identify a good as originating in the territory of a Member, or a region or locality in that territory, where a given quality, reputation or other characteristic of the good is essentially attributable to its geographical origin'. Many developing countries like India has enacted legislation for greater and stronger protection of GI in order to uplift the economic condition of the poor people those who contribute to many key products of export. Since the Act has been passed 15 years back and India registered its first GI, Darjeeling tea in 2004, the total registrations now have reached to 227 in number. The present paper re-examines the challenges ahead in implementation of the Act and to suggest further amendments to the Act for better protection to Indian indigenous knowledge and reputation of products originating from India. It also tries to identify what is further required to reap the benefits of registration and problematic areas like who can be a right applicant of a GI application, Part-B registration of beneficiaries, marketing of GI products, maintaining quality of the product and counterfeiting and enforcement mechanism. It is argued that India requires a coordinated effort of Central and State Governments, proprietors of GI and beneficiaries to protect and promote Indian GIs in future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the sources of economic growth in Indian economy since the 1980s, with particular focus on the role of information and communication technology (ICT). The impact of ICT on economic growth is analyzed via two main channels. The direct contribution of ICT investment to aggregate economy and manufacturing growth, and the indirect impact of ICT on Total Factor Productivity Growth (TFPG) in ICT using and ICT producing sectors. The results suggest an increasing role of ICT investment in driving aggregate economic growth in India, though largely limited to the service sector. Moreover, the economy has not been successful in spreading the ICT spillover effect across the board, thus limiting the productivity gain from ICT use. Whereas we see an improving productivity growth in ICT using market services and their contribution to aggregate productivity growth, the manufacturing sectors lags quite behind. Indeed, India׳s export oriented ICT sector has helped gain efficiency improvement in its fast growing service economy, while there is still large potential for ICT use in the manufacturing sector. The paper opens further avenues for improving the data on ICT investment, and also stresses the need for more detailed sectoral analysis of the impact of ICT on economic growth, treating computer related and software services separately. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

India's dramatic macroeconomic success in the last quarter century has stemmed from a number of factors. This paper provides several of the antecedents for this, focusing especially on India's burgeoning entrepreneurship. Along with structural liberalization that has allowed the progress to date to take place, several factors--including socio-cultural ones--help explain the dynamism of Indian entrepreneurial activities. Several circumstances, such as access to capital and market conditions, are favorable for continued development, although some limiting factors, such as corruption, remain in place. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Growth points are centres of economic activity, which are artificially created or stimulated in disadvantaged regions with the intention that they will eventually become natural centres of economic growth. They are centres of expanding industries, which trigger a chain reaction of production and promotion of associated services with the ultimate goal of improving the quality of life. It is envisaged that by declaring promising and resource-endowed centres as growth points, the cumulative causation process would kick-start the process of economic development, whose spread effects would activate the quality of life in the periphery. In so doing it would attract investment and favourable government treatment, which would lead to both cumulative growth in economic activity and high population growth. Some growth poles have continued to prosper long after the initial stimulation factor gone through multiplier effects associated with a growing centre. In this paper, an attempt has been made to find out the potentialities of urban centres of North 24 Parganas district of West Bengal, India as growth pole and strategies for the regional development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Indian banking sector has created golden path in the development of Indian economy and in generating wealth to the economy. Banks play a vital role in the economic development of a country. They accumulate the idle savings of the people and make them available for investment. They also create new demand for deposits in the process of granting loans and purchasing investment securities. They facilitate trade both inside and outside the country by accepting and discounting of bills of exchange. Banks also increase the mobility of capital. Commercial banks are the most effective way to generate the credit flow of money in markets. There is severe shortage of capital in India. The banks can play an important role in promoting capital formation, in controlling speculation in maintaining a balance between requirements and availabilities and in direct physical resources into desired channels. Commercial banks play an important and active role in the economic development of a country, if the banking system in a country is effective, efficient and disciplined; it brings about a rapid growth in the various sectors of the economy. The rural population in India plays a major role in the entire population. So by educating the rural people about financial planning and habit of savings we can protect the money of uneducated rural people and extends the flow of money into economy. The Pradhan Mantri Jhan Dhan Yojana is a wonderful scheme which is undertaken by the central government. The objective of this paper is to make review of the success of the scheme and challenges in future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper analyzes the mainstream approach towards the Base of the Pyramid in context to the Gandhian concept of the village economy. It propagates an integrated approach which involves various key stakeholders (viz. government, NGO, BOP, companies) such that the combined synergies of all the parties are utilized to develop a comprehensive and indigenous solution which can be beneficial to the stakeholders as well as preserve the fragile ecological and environmental balance in developing economies which usually have weak enforcement laws. The hugely successful "Wadi Model" developed and implemented by the Pune based BAIF in Gujarat has been explained to substantiate the point. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper highlights the consequences of the economic and educational change among the Dalits of Karavadi. The tobacco cultivation that engages a large amount of labour has attracted the left political parties for the spread of their ideology and recruitment of party workers. It has helped in working against the practice of untouchability. Further, it has enabled the Dalits to be politically conscious and seriously participate in the political process. The growth of educational institutions in the village and the economic improvement have together helped the Dalits to assert their political and economic rights in the village. As a cumulative effect, the hegemonic inter-caste relations in the village have changed, though caste bias has not disappeared. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Copyright of Revista de la Maestría en Derecho Económico is the property of Pontificia Universidad Javeriana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

We present a concise, exploratory, discussion paper that provides some promising hypotheses concerning how economic development processes may be evolving in the KBE era. Emerging roles for ICTs and services in the economy are driving these changes. Developing countries may be able to leapfrog stages of growth, or structural change, that presently developed nations historically went through. Case studies of India and Indonesia are utilized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The emergence of India as the financial and spiritual heart of world cricket in the 1990s is intrinsically linked to India's satellite TV revolution in the same period. The 1990s began with just one Indian television channel - the state owned Doordarshan - but by 2006, Indian viewers were remote-controlling their way through more than 300 private satellite television channels. While the reasons for this phenomenal growth of the television industry are varied and complex, cricket has played a central role in the story. This paper will outline Indian satellite television's linkages with cricket and what they mean for notions of identity and expressions of Indian nationhood. In particular, it focuses on India's 24-hour television news networks - there are more than 50 in 14 languages. Unlike any other country in the world, the Indian television news industry has consciously ridden on cricket's shoulders to such an extent that by 2006, cricket-oriented programming accounted for the greatest expenditure in news gathering and the greatest visibility across most news channels. Television producers looked towards cricket because of its indelible link with what might be called Indian-ness, but their focus on the game, in turn, substantially redefined and reinforced these linkages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper argues that the process of financing development in India increased the fragility of the financial market. Consequently, the need arose for the government to implement policies that would reduce that fragility, and also to introduce strong enforceable bankruptcy laws, in order to prevent the emergence of corruption. It appears that the recent capital market reform did not give adequate attention to reducing the fragility of the financial market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses how nation-states transform or re-design their economic growth regimes (EGRs). By acknowledging the fact that the structures of finance play an important role in the shaping of EGRs, this paper argues that the introduction of liberal financial system in India is acting as a catalyst in re-designing nation's EGR. It analyzes Indian venture capital industry, an important component of liberal financial system, which is rather successful in mitigating interest conflict between principal/investor and agent/entrepreneur. The resolution of this interest conflict has expressed itself in greater convergence of interests between and among finance, technology and entrepreneurship, which lies at the core of still evolving new economic growth regime (NEGR) in India. This transformed EGR is instrumental in powering India's technology--intensive service sector. Rapid growth in India's knowledge economy particularly information technology service industry, serves as an empirical evidence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the puzzle of economic development, there is moderate agreement around one issue: that entrepreneurial, export-led development is likely to produce higher economic growth rates than inward-looking development. This paper begins by taking an overall look at the size and competitiveness of the economies of India, China, and Taiwan, with particular reference to the software and the information technology (IT) sectors. It then focuses on the role of software export entrepreneurship in India and Taiwan as exemplars for other sectors and for formulation of government policy. In Taiwan, successful exporters constitute a model deemed worthy for other companies to emulate. In India, whether the booming software sector will prove to be a sufficient exemplar and catalyst for change throughout the economy and government remains an open question. The paper concludes by taking a look at another related export sector—IT-enabled service exports. Throughout the various sections of the paper, government policy implications remain an important backdrop. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Natural rubber plays an important role in the industrial and economic development of any country as it is used as the basic raw material for a variety of industries. Presently, India occupies the sixth position in terms of natural rubber production. Price of natural rubber is a matter of concern for both producers and consumers. Making available cheap raw materials to the domestic industries without compromising the interest of cultivators for a fair price is really a challenging task as the price of natural rubber is influenced by various domestic and international factors. The price of natural rubber is a function of several factors like demand, supply, export, import, stock, international price, crude oil price, synthetic rubber price, global consumption etc. The price of natural rubber is showing a declining trend in India for the last couple of years irrespective of various policy measures taken by central and state Government. This paper tries to analyse various factors that cause instability in the price of natural rubber and evaluate its impacts on the performance of rubber economy in India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Book reviewed in this Article A nstey, V era, and M artin, A nne. An Introduction to Economics-For Students in India and Pakistan. B axa, J akob. Adam Müllers Lebenszeugnisse. B ergler, R einhold (Ed.). Psychologische Marktanalyse. C ampbell, R obert W. Soviet Economic Power C ohen, B enjamin J. Adjustment Costs and the Distribution of new Reserves C outsoumaris, G., W estebbe, R. M., P silos, D., M ichalakis, A., and X anthakis, N. Analysis and assessment of the economic effects of the U. S. -PL 480 Programm in Greece F riedmann, K aren J. German Grain Policies and Prices: G urvitch, G eorges. The Spectrum of Social Time. H eide, H olger. Die langfristige Wirtschqftsplanung in Schweden H elleiner, K arl F. The Imperial Loans H ershlag, Z. Y. Introduction to the Modern Economic History of the Middle East. Leiden H icks, J ohn. Capital and Growth. ISEA. Planification et analyse économiques J ohri, C. K. Monetary Policy in a Developing Economy J oint E conomic C ommittee (Congress of the United States). New Directions in the Soviet Economy K iss, G ábor. Gibt es eine ≪marxistische≫ Soziologie? L ebrecht, R obert G. Automatische Konjunkturstabilisatoren oder be-wusste Konjunkturpolitik ? L eontief, W assily. Input-Output Economics. M alinvaud, E. Statistical Methods of Econometrics M artin, A lfred VON. Mensch und Gesellschaft heute. N eufeld, M aurice F. Poor Countries and Authoritarian Rule. Ø lgaard, A nders. Growth, Productivity and Relative Prices. O ulÈs, F. Economic Planning and Democracy. P opper, K arl R. Logik der Forschung. R obinson, J oan. Economics-An Awkward Corner. S achverstÄndigenrat zur B egutachtung DER GESAMTWIRTSCHAFTLICHEN E ntwigklung. Jahresgutachten S eitz, T ycho. Preisführerschaft im Oligopol. T amagna, F rank. Central Banking in Latin America. T heil, H enri. Economics and Information Theory T illy, R ichard. Financial Institutions and Industrialization in the Rhineland T ouraine, A. (et al.). Workers' Attitudes to Technical Change T ullock, G ordon (Hrsg.). Papers on Non-Market Decision Making. Y eager, L eland B. International Monetary Relations; Theory, History and Policy. Y oung, J ohn P arke. United States Gold Policy: The Case for Change [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The interrelation between changes in the economic structure, i.e., industrial distribution of income and labor force, and the size distribution of income is studied in this paper in a case study of India (1961–1960). The change in the size distribution of income is the sum of changes due to (1) inter-sectoral factors and (2) intra-sectoral factors. The need for this distinction is emphasized by the result obtained for India, that 85% of the changes in the size distribution may he assigned to inter-sectoral factors, and only 16% to intrasectoral factors. Since the inter-sectoral factors are significantly influenced by changes in the industrial distribution of income and labor force, our result points out a relation between economic growth and the size distribution which quite often is overlooked in studies of the size distribution. The results obtained in this paper support several cross-section results of Professor Kuznets. In particular some of these are: (a) inter-sectoral inequality in the economic structure widened with economic growth, (b) the inequality in the size distribution of India widened, (c) the level of inequality in India is higher than in any of the eight developed countries considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using aggregate data from the Annual Survey of Industries, we analyze profitability in India's organized manufacturing sector from 1982-83 to 2012-13. Over the whole period of analysis, the rate of profit grew at about 1% per annum, primarily driven by a rising share of profits. We use visual inspection to identify five shorter-run profitability regimes: 1982-91, 1991-96, 1996-2001, 2001-07 and 2007-12. Profit rate decomposition analysis shows that both technological factors and aggregate demand have been important determinants of changes in profitability in these shorter periods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A stylized prediction of the development economics discourse is that informality will disappear with development, and yet in the last 20 years conventional measures of informality, far from declining, have either remained stagnant or have actually increased. This includes countries such as India where economic growth has been at historically high levels. What exactly is informality and what are its magnitudes and trends? What are the causes of informality and why is it not decreasing as predicted by standard theories of development? What are the consequences for inclusive economic growth of a large and increasing informal sector? What are feasible and desirable policy responses to informality? These are the questions that motivate this broad based overview of informality. The questions will be addressed based on recent and ongoing research on India and globally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The very own purpose of this study is to know the impact of employee engagement and customer engagement on the financial performance of service industry especially private banking sector of India. Particularly this study is made on the selected ten private banks in India and emphasizes on three major relationships i.e. (1) Relationship between employee engagement and financial performance, (2) Relationship between customer engagement and financial performance, (3) Relationship between employee engagement and customer engagement. This study involves the review of nine papers and used 5 point Likert scale questionnaire to collect the data from the target respondents such as customers, employees and branch managers of selected private banks. T-test has been used as statistical tools to empirically test the proposed hypothesis and relationships between the above constructs. The major findings of this study states that employee engagement has relationship with financial performance, customer engagement has relationship with financial performance, and employee engagement has no relationship between customer engagement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Foreign Direct investment plays a very important role in the economic development of the nation. Sometimes domestically available capital is inadequate for the purpose of overall development of the country. Foreign capital is seen as a way of filling in gaps between domestic savings and investment. India can attract much larger foreign investments than it has done in the past. To fully utilize the country's immense economic potential, the government launched Economic reforms in 1991. The new government policies are simple, transparent and promote domestic and foreign investment. India's abundant and diversified natural resources, its sound economic policy, good market condition and high skilled human resources make it a proper destination for FDI. The present study has focused on the trends of FDI Flow in India during 2000-01 to 2014-15. The study also highlights country wise approvals of FDI inflows to India and the FDI inflows in different sector for the period 2000 to 2015. The study based on secondary data which have been collected through reports of the Ministry of Commerce and Industry, Department of Industrial Promotion and Policy, Government of India, Reserve Bank of India, and World Investment Report. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the improvement of the human development indicators in India. It mentions that life expectancy at birth and mortality rates of infants decreased by at least one-half. It states that despite the population improvement of the country, progress is still slow and unequal, and falling behind its economic performance. However, gender differences remains in spite of the improvement in human development indicators.

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the association between inequality in energy intensity and social inequality in Indian cities, as these are the two predominant constituents of inequality in Indian socio-economic scenario. This study uses a bivariate cointegration based error correction model for assessing the causal association between the two inequality parameters, which are derived by using Theil's second measure. Given the sustainable development objective set by the government of India, interaction between these two parameters may prove out to be significant for achievement of this objective. It has been hypothesized that nature of this interaction varies largely based on the nature of the cities, i.e. semi-urban, urban, and metropolitan. The analysis has been done on the full and segregated dataset to visualize how the interaction changes with the nature of the cities. For analysis purpose, data for 139 Indian cities for the period of 2001-2013 have been selected. From the data of income, population, and energy consumption, two parameters of this study have been designed by using Theil's second measure. The analysis starts with checking the cross sectional dependence for both of the parameters. Subsequently, the stationarity of the data has been checked by using first generation unit root tests. Then, by employing the cointegration and error correction framework, the long run causal association has been assessed. For checking the short run causal association, Granger causality method has been applied. The data for this study have been collected form Ministry of Power, Govt. of India, Central Statistical Organization, India, and Census, India. Major findings of this study are, (a) for both the parameters and three segments, cross sections are independent, (b) the parameters are stationary at first difference, (c) there is long run cointegration relationship between them, and (d) the causal link between inequality in energy intensity and social inequality is unidirectional for the case of semi-urban cities, and it is bidirectional for the case of metropolitan and urban cities. For full dataset, causal link between inequality in energy intensity and social inequality is unidirectional. The Theil indices calculated for both the parameters show the trends of rising inequality for all the cities taken together. However, no significant trend was visualized for the individual strata of cities, for both of the parameters under consideration. This study summarizes that the economic growth achieved by India is not sustainable in nature. It can be achieved only by considering an inclusive growth framework, where social development will complement the growth objectives. Therefore, the fossil-fuel based economic growth agenda needs reconsideration, viewing the social dimensions of the cities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Modern growth theory suggests that more than three-quarters of growth since 1950 reflects rising educational attainment and research intensity. As these transition dynamics fade, US economic growth is likely to slow at some point. However, the rise of China, India, and other emerging economies may allow another few decades of rapid growth in world researchers. Finally, and more speculatively, the shape of the idea production function introduces a fundamental uncertainty into the future of growth. For example, the possibility that artificial intelligence will allow machines to replace workers to some extent could lead to higher growth in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

India's pharmaceutical industry is expected to rise to approximately US$50 billion by 2020 (Pricewaterhouse Coopers). The growth in the size of this industry is supported by growth of Indian economy, rising per capita income, epidemiological changes in Indian society and increasing awareness. To provide a boost to this industry, the Indian government in 2001, liberalised foreign direct investment (FDI) norms for the pharmaceutical sector. 100% FDI was allowed through the 'automatic route' (without prior permission) in pharmaceutical manufacturing (except in sectors using recombinant DNA technology). This decision was based on belief in popular economic theory, views of policy makers and the government regarding the benefits offered by private FDI. India once again is set to loosen controls, and allow FDI in retail and other sectors, on the pretext of the same premise that these economic reforms are needed for development. However, it is becoming necessary to examine the overly hyped hypothesis related to the need and benefits of FDI for host country. It is even more important to gather empirical support for claims regarding the beneficial impact of FDI. This paper endeavours to evaluate the benefits of foreign direct investment for developing countries, specifically India. The focus was pharmaceutical industry in India, because since 2001 India has been allowing 100 per cent FDI in this sector. It would be justified to assess the benefits accrued by Indian economy because to foreign investments in this sector because the time span is significant and evaluation will be fair. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]