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This study adds to the literature on energy studies on exploring for the first time to the best of our comprehension the importance of alternative measures of economic globalization indicators on energy-based demand in the context of economic complexity dynamics for 1971 to 2018 across a panel set of 63 countries classified as high-income (HIE), upper-middle-income (UME) and lower-middle-income countries (LME). Empirical results based on the panel ARDL model demonstrate i) the long-run relationships between economic complexity, economic globalization with energy demand; ii) economic complexity appears to increase energy-based demand in the short run, but it would reduce energy-based demand in the long run; iii) economic globalization is found to have decreasing effects in the short run and increasing effects in the longer run-on energy demand in LMEs and UMEs, while it has mixed effects in HIEs. The results suggest that policies supporting economic complexity would be a good strategy to aim at economic development while controlling for the increasing effects of globalization on energy demand to achieve long-term sustainable development. • Investigating the role of alternative measures of economic globalization on energy demand. • Across 63 countries segregated across varying income groups for the period 1971 to 2018. • The context of economic complexity dynamics is also explored. • Long-run relationships between economic globalization with energy demand is validated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the impact of an environmental tax on carbon emissions for the G7 nations from 1994 to 2014 and the importance of the major drivers of emissions such as energy use, economic complexity, natural resources rent and economic growth. The study also verifies the Environmental Kuznets Curve Hypothesis for the G7 countries and explores the marginal effects of an environmental tax on traditional energy consumption, natural resources rent and renewable energy consumption. This paper's unique contribution is that it investigates for the first time the moderating role of an environmental tax on renewable and non-renewable energy consumption, natural resources rent and CO 2 emissions. The results suggest that environmental taxes effectively reduce emissions for the G7 countries and confirm that the marginal effects of the environmental tax on traditional energy consumption, natural resources rent and renewable energy consumption rise with the level of taxation in a statistically significant way. The findings indicate that strict environmental tax laws will allow businesses to shift production towards cleaner methods. Finally, the paper proposes that redistributing tax revenues to the research and development of sustainable technology programmes would empower the nations to achieve the United Nations' SDG-7 and SDG-13 goals. Flow Diagram on the nexus between emissions, tax, economic complexity, energy and economic growth. [Display omitted] • The paper analyses the effects of economic complexity on carbon emissions. • Environmental tax affects directly carbon emissions. • Environmental tax lessens the effect of energy consumption and natural resources. • Environmental tax amplifies the effect of renewable energy consumption. • The EKC hypothesis is validated for economic complexity in G7. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The prime objective of this article is to examine the heterogeneous impacts of economic complexity on renewable energy demand within a panel of G7 and E7 countries. One of the important contributions of this research is to explore the role of overall structural change and economic factors for renewable and cleaner energy in developed and emerging economies. The existing literature points to scant research about the impacts of economic complexity on energy transformation and renewable energy adoption. During recent years, the G7 and E7 countries have encountered enormous competition in manufacturing and industrialization and are also experiencing global pressure from both climate change and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) for the promotion of renewable energy infrastructure. Taking into consideration the heterogeneity of issues, the authors apply the Westerlund cointegration and heterogeneous panel data techniques (FGLS, system GMM, FMOLS, and DOLS) for an in-depth, empirical analysis. Interestingly, empirical findings indicate that economic complexity affects renewable energy demand from G7 and E7 countries. This paper documents that economic complexity is a policy factor for overall energy transformation and greener energy demand. This study recommends that complexity and structural change policies should be observed for cleaner and greener growth and overall greener energy promotion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Under the growing threats of climate change, innovation and pollution reduction have become driving forces for cleaner economic growth and the environment. This study endeavors to analyze the effect of economic complexity—understood as structural transformation toward more sophisticated and knowledge‐based production, economic progress, renewable energy consumption, and population growth over carbon emissions. Our study employs panel data for a sample of 28 OECD countries covering the period of 1990–2014. The main contribution to the energy economics literature is given by bringing together the concept of environmental degradation and economic complexity controlling via renewable energy consumption and economic and population growth. Based on the extensive empirical analysis (augmented mean group estimator, panel cointegration, and panel regression techniques), we conclude that economic complexity and renewable energy might help in mitigating the environmental degradation problems in OECD countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study is to scrutinize the major drivers of energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions in an augmented model framework. The roles of eco-innovation, economic complexity, institutions, and globalization are examined in the context of two sets of heterogeneous panel observations, namely the G7 and E7 countries from 1991 to 2017. The estimated results obtained from the Fully Modified Least Square, Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares, and Canonical Correlation Regression demonstrate the effectiveness of eco-innovation in reducing the intensity of energy use in G7 countries. Eco-innovation is also found to be beneficial for controlling carbon emissions in G7 countries. In contrast, the impact of eco-innovation on the E7 countries is harmful as far as energy efficiency and carbon emissions are concerned. Such contrasting behaviors across the two panel sets of observations validate the postulation of the "rebound effects" of environmental-related technologies in the latter group. The findings further indicate the existence of an inverted U-shaped relationship between economic complexity and carbon emissions for G7 countries. In contrast, the E7 countries experience a U-shaped relationship. Both institutions and globalization are significant determinants of environmental quality in G7 and E7 countries. There is an urgency to reinforce the commitment towards the application of eco-technology for efficiency in energy use in G7 countries. As far as the E7 countries are concerned, the governments should optimize the gains from globalization to develop energy efficiency and carbon abatement strategies. • The paper analyses the effects of eco-innovation and economic complexity on energy uses and carbon emissions in G7 and E7. • There exist heterogeneous relationships between the concerned variables. • The eco-innovation reduces energy consumption and carbon emissions in G7 but intensifies environmental problems in E7. • The environmental effects of economic complexity in G7 (E7) follow an inverting U-shape (U-shaped) relationship. • Institutional quality and globalization reduce (increase) energy uses and carbon emissions in G7 (E7). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scholars and policy makers are paying close attention to reduce climate problems for sustainable growth. The failure to enhance ecological integrity could increase greenhouse gas emissions. Therefore, this study examines the effect of economic complexity, high‐tech industries, renewables, natural resource abundance, and financial globalization on CO2 and ecological footprint for 10 selected newly industrializing countries for the period 1990 to 2018. We use Common Correlated Error Mean Group, Augmented Mean Group, panel causality, and Westerlund Error Correction Model of cointegration techniques that account for short‐run, and long‐run relationships across cross‐sectionally dependent and heterogeneous countries. The findings reveal long‐run interrelationships across the series of underlying observations. The long‐run empirical results show the development of high‐tech industries has statistically significant environmental welfare‐enhancing impact, whereas renewables and natural resource exploitation mitigate environmental challenges. However, economic complexity and financial globalization increase emissions and ecological footprint (ECF). The results confirm unidirectional causality from renewable energy to CO2 and ECF and further from natural resources to CO2 and ECF. Additionally, there exists bidirectional causality between financial globalization and ECF. Based on these findings, we suggest that these countries should revise their energy policies in order to allocate more funds for the renewable energy technologies so that environmental problems can be mitigated. Along with renewable energy, further investments should be made in high‐tech sector but economic complexity and financial globalization should be carefully handled. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Promoting the development of renewable energy sources is crucial for sustainability. This paper explores the impact of energy security risks and economic complexity on expanding renewable energy sources, accounting for trade openness and economic growth for the top 23 energy consumers. The period of observations spans from 1997 to 2017. The study was conducted using panel quantile regression methods with fixed effects. The empirical outcomes indicate that economic complexity has a significant negative effect on renewable energy at low quantiles but a positive effect at medium to high quantiles. Furthermore, economic complexity has a greater impact on middle-income countries than on high-income countries. Energy security risks positively and significantly impact renewable energy development. However, for middle-income countries, the impact of energy security risks on renewable energy is unstable. The impact is at its peak between the 60th and 70th quantiles and then declines to its lowest level between the 80th and 90th quantiles. The robustness tests confirm the earlier findings. Based on empirical outcomes, policy prescriptions are suggested to address renewable energy deployment against the backdrop of sustainable development concerns. The policy implications suggest that the government should actively promote trade openness and increase economic complexity. Greater energy security risk index shocks increase the use of renewable energy. • Studies roles of economic complexity and energy security on renewable energy. • On 23 top energy users for 1990–2017. • Advanced quantile regression technique adopted. • Scale effect and composition effect of economic complexity on divergence of impact. • Empirical outcomes have directions on policy for SDG. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The G7 countries consist of some of the world's most economically developed nations. However, alongside such robust economic growth performances, the environmental qualities in these countries have simultaneously aggravated to raise deep concerns among the stakeholders. Hence, this study is designed to empirically examine the environmental effects of nuclear and renewable energy consumption, economic complexity, and economic growth in the context of the G7 countries for the period between 1995 and 2016. To ensure novelty, this study considers carbon footprints along with carbon dioxide emissions to measure environmental quality in the context of the G7 nations. The results reveal that although nuclear energy consumption is effective in mitigating carbon dioxide emissions and carbon footprints in the long run, renewable energy consumption degrades the environment in the G7 countries. Besides, the results also suggest that the G7 countries can transform their production processes in an environmentally friendly manner provided they can undergo a clean transition in energy use. Finally, economic growth is evidenced to be detrimental for the environment since higher economic growth levels are seen to boost both carbon dioxide emission and carbon footprint levels. Therefore, in line with the findings, this study recommends the G7 countries to significantly enhance their nuclear and renewable energy consumption levels, increase their economic complexity indices, and integrate environmental welfare policies within their economic growth strategies. • Determinants of CO 2 emissions and carbon footprints are evaluated in G7 countries. • Renewable energy use boosts CO 2 emissions and carbon footprints. • Nuclear energy use curbs CO 2 emissions and carbon footprints. • Economic complexity reduces CO 2 emissions and carbon footprints. • Economic growth stimulates CO 2 emissions and carbon footprints. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the dynamic interdependence between CO 2 emissions, real gross domestic product (GDP), renewable and non-renewable energy generation, urbanization, and export quality for both the top ten renewable energy and top ten economic complexity index (ECI) countries. The techniques of panel cointegration, long-run FMOLS, DOLS, and Granger causality are used spanning the period 1980–2014. Long-run estimates suggest that, for the top ten renewable energy countries, only renewable energy generation contributes to mitigating CO 2 emissions, while the other variables lead to increase emissions levels in the long-run. However, for the case of leading complex economies, the empirics highlighted the significant role of renewable energy in carbon mitigation. Exports quality leads to decrease emissions level and real GDP, non-renewable energy and urbanization contribute to the rise in emissions. Interestingly, for the top ten renewable energy countries, Granger causality analysis mentioned a two-ways short-run relationship between renewable energy generation and export quality and one-way causality from export quality to CO 2 emissions. The findings mention that adopting clean technologies using renewable energy might act as a key tool for export quality improvement and mitigation of CO 2 emissions. Results are related to Sustainable Development Goals (SDG-7: using more renewable, affordable energy; SDG-8: sustainable economic growth and decent employment for all, SDG-13: regulating emissions and promoting renewable energy) and discussed in this sense. • Dynamic interdependence between CO 2 emissions, energy generation, and exports quality is examined. • Panel data is used for renewable energy and economic complexity countries. • Export quality tend to have positive effects on CO 2 emissions. • Non-renewable energy induces pollution levels. • Renewable energy mitigates CO 2 emissions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]