1. The role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in nonnative plant invasion along mountain roads
- Author
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Clavel, Jan, Lembrechts, Jonas, Alexander, Jake, Haider, Sylvia, Lenoir, Jonathan, Milbau, Ann, Nuñez, Martin A., Pauchard, Anibal, Nijs, Ivan, Verbruggen, Erik, Ecologie et Dynamique des Systèmes Anthropisés - UMR CNRS 7058 (EDYSAN), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), and Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Plant invasion ,Physiology ,Range (biology) ,[SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes ,Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi ,[SDV.BID]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity ,Plant Science ,Biology ,01 natural sciences ,03 medical and health sciences ,Soil ,Mycorrhizae ,Anthropogenic disturbance ,Elevation gradient ,Range shifts ,Roads ,Soil microbiota ,Sub-Arctic ,Symbiosis ,Ecosystem ,Soil Microbiology ,[SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment ,Ecological niche ,Abiotic component ,Ecology ,Norway ,fungi ,Fungi ,food and beverages ,Sub-arctic ,15. Life on land ,Plants ,Colonisation ,030104 developmental biology ,Disturbance (ecology) ,Plant species ,Species richness ,[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
Plant associated mutualists can mediate invasion success by affecting the ecological niche of nonnative plant species. Anthropogenic disturbance is also key in facilitating invasion success through changes in biotic and abiotic conditions, but the combined effect of these two factors in natural environments is understudied. To better understand this interaction, we investigated how disturbance and its interaction with mycorrhizas could impact range dynamics of nonnative plant species in the mountains of Norway. Therefore, we studied the root colonisation and community composition of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi in disturbed vs undisturbed plots along mountain roads. We found that roadside disturbance strongly increases fungal diversity and richness while also promoting AM fungal root colonisation in an otherwise ecto‐mycorrhiza and ericoid‐mycorrhiza dominated environment. Surprisingly, AM fungi associating with nonnative plant species were present across the whole elevation gradient, even above the highest elevational limit of nonnative plants, indicating that mycorrhizal fungi are not currently limiting the upward movement of nonnative plants. We conclude that roadside disturbance has a positive effect on AM fungal colonisation and richness, possibly supporting the spread of nonnative plants, but that there is no absolute limitation of belowground mutualists, even at high elevation. ISSN:0028-646X ISSN:1469-8137
- Published
- 2020