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Introduction: Covid-19 is linked with the development of cardio-metabolic disorders, including dyslipidemia, dysregulation of high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Furthermore, SARS-Co-2 infection is associated with noteworthy changes in lipid profile, which is suggested as a possible biomarker to support the diagnosis and management of Covid-19., Methods: This paper adopts the literature review method to obtain information about how Covid-19 affects high-risk group patients and may cause severe and critical effects due to the development of acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome. A narrative and comprehensive review is presented., Results: Reducing HDL in Covid-19 is connected to the disease severity and poor clinical outcomes, suggesting that high HDL serum levels could benefit Covid-19. SARS-CoV-2 binds HDL, and this complex is attached to the co-localized receptors, facilitating viral entry. Therefore, SARS-CoV-2 infection may induce the development of dysfunctional HDL through different mechanisms, including induction of inflammatory and oxidative stress with activation of inflammatory signaling pathways. In turn, the induction of dysfunctional HDL induces the activation of inflammatory signaling pathways and oxidative stress, increasing Covid-19 severity., Conclusions: Covid-19 is linked with the development of cardio-metabolic disorders, including dyslipidemia in general and dysregulation of high-density lipoprotein and low-density lipoprotein. Therefore, the present study aimed to overview the causal relationship between dysfunctional high-density lipoprotein and Covid-19., (© 2023 The Authors. Immunity, Inflammation and Disease published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Statins are hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibitors inhibit denovo cholesterol synthesis leading to reduction of serum cholesterol and low density lipoprotein as well as elevation of high density lipoprotein level. Statins are used in the treatment of dyslipidaemia, prevention of major cardiovascular events and complications. The potential role of statins in the induction of peripheral neuropathy has not been verified as most of statins induced-peripheral neuropathy had been reported as case reports. Also, statins therapy leads to noteworthy reduction of Coenzyme Q10, causing impairment of neuronal energy. The incidence of polyneuropathy was high with atorvastatin (65%) which is lipophilic, and relatively less with fluvastatin (54%) which is hydrophilic. Long-term statins therapy, mainly with atorvastatin and simvastatin, is linked with thedevelopment of peripheral neuropathy.