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The present study involves the aqueous extraction of dyes, optimization of dyeing conditions (Extract concentration and dyeing temperature), application of extracted dyes onto cotton fabrics using optimized conditions, SEM analysis of treated fabrics, assessment of their antibacterial activity, and wash durability. Using Central Composite Design (CCD), the optimized dyeing conditions were selected as 39.14 percent and 700C based on the lowest bacterial count demonstrated by the dyed cotton fabric samples. Results of Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) confirmed that extract concentration has a more significant statistical influence compared to dyeing temperature. Treated cotton fabrics at optimized conditions together with alum as a crosslinking agent exhibited a 98.54 and 97.96 percent reduction in the bacterial count against Staphylococcus Aureus and Pseudomonas Aeruginosa bacterial strains respectively. The retention of the antimicrobial activity of treated fabrics was found to be more significant even after 5 washes thus confirming that Galinsoga Parviflora extract is a potential source of finishes capable of improving antibacterial resistance of cotton fabrics for a longer period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Silk being one of the organic natural fibers, is susceptible to microorganisms attack thus leading to loss of physical aesthetic and mechanical properties. The present study was focused on optimizing the dyeing process parameters (Extract concentration and dyeing temperature) of dyestuff extracts from the Galinsoga Parviflora plant and analyzing the antibacterial activity of the dyed silk fabric. The Pad-dry method was used for the application of herbal dye extract onto selected silk fabric and the AATCC 100:2019 test method was used in assessing the treated fabric quantitatively against Staphylococcus Aureus and Pseudomonas Aeruginosa bacterial strains. Dyeing conditions obtained using Central Composite Design (CCD) indicated that dye concentration and temperature of 39.14 percent and 700C respectively could be deemed as optimum. Also, the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) results showed that extract concentration has a statistically significant effect on bacterial count whereas the effect of temperature was not so much influential. Silk fabric dyed with optimized values demonstrated a 99.33% and 99.15% reduction in the bacterial count against Staphylococcus Aureus and Pseudomonas Aeruginosa bacterial strains respectively. Also, its fastness properties to light, washing, and Rubbing ranged from very good to excellent (4-5 to 5). Thus, in general, this research confirmed that Galinsoga Parviflora plant leaves, abundantly available in most parts of Uganda can be used as an antibacterial finish on silk fabric for improved bacterial resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]