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The article presents the possibility of using potassium ferrate(VI) (K2FeO4) to remove dyes (Acid Red 27, Reactive Black 5, Acid Green 16) belonging to the single azo, double azo and triarylmethane classes from aqueous solutions with an initial concentration of 100 mg/l (Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) values for AR27, RB5 and AG16 sulutions were 172, 156 and 198 mg O2/l, respectively). For the most favorable values of oxidation parameters of AR27 and RB5 (pH 7, K2FeO4 concentration, 180 and 240 mg/l, respectively, reaction time 10 min), visual discolouration of the aqueous solutions investigated and a decrease in COD values of 83.7% and 81.4%, respectively, were achieved. In the case of AG 16 dye, in the most favorable conditions of the oxidation process (pH 3, K2FeO4, concentration 300 mg/l, 15 min), visual discolouration and a decrease in the COD value of 83.8% were also obtained. The probable reasons for the higher resistance of AG16 to oxidation using K2FeO4 compared to AR27 and RB5 were also explained, based on the analysis of the structure and type of bonds present in the molecule AG 16. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Effectiveness of two azo dyes decomposition (Acid Red 27 - AR27 and Reactive Black 5 - RB5) with the Fenton reagent modified with nanoiron (H2O2/nFeo) was studied in aqueous solutions at a concentration of 100 mg/L. For each dye, the most favorable process parameters were determined to obtain visual discoloration of tested solutions (AR27: pH = 3, H2O2 = 40 mg/L, nFeo = 60 mg/L, t = 15 min; RB5: pH = 3, H2O2 = 50 mg/L, nFeo = 20 mg/L, t = 15 min). Under these conditions, the decrease in COD values for AR27 and RB5 was 82.6% and 86.5, respectively and in toxicity (Microtox test) - 100% and 92.7%, respectively. For comparative purposes, classic Fenton reagent (H2O2/Fe2+) was also used for the dye decomposition. For AR27, the visual discoloration of the aqueous solution was obtained within 15 min at pH = 3.5, H2O2 = 60 mg/L, [Fe2+]/[H2O2]=0.3 and for RB5 - within 15 min at pH = 3.5, H2O2 = 40 mg/L, [Fe2+]/[H2O2]=0.75. The decrease in COD values for AR27 and RB5 was 71.5% and 71.8%, respectively and in toxicity - 100% and 84.4%, respectively. Both oxidation methods applied, beside visual discoloration of the aqueous solutions, allowed for the COD reduction to the level of 21-49 mgO2/L. According to the toxicity classification for water samples, all the highly toxic samples of dye solutions tested (toxicity >75%) could be considered non-toxic (toxicity <25%) after the Fenton reagent application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]