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Molecules with diterpene skeletons often possess valuable medicinal properties. Two new diterpenes 1α,6α,7β-triacetoxy-5α-hydroxy-14β-ethyl-O-vouacapane (1) and 2α-acetoxy-14,15-cyclopimara-7β,16-diol (2) were isolated from the seeds of Caesalpinia minax Hance. Their structures were established on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analyses, including HR-ESI-MS, UV, IR, 1D, and 2D NMR (HSQC, HMBC, NOESY) methods. The stereochemical structure of 1 was confirmed via the circular dichroism spectrum and calculated ECD experiment. The inhibitory activity of nitric oxide production of RAW264.7 macrophages stimulated by lipopolysaccharide of compounds 1 and 2 was evaluated, and compound 1 was found to show significant inhibitory effect.

Four compounds were isolated from Daphne giraldii callus cells, and their structures were characterized as daphnenone (1), daphnolon (2), R-( - )-1-(4'-hydroxyphenyl)-3-hydroxy-5-phenyl-1,5-pentandione (3), and S-(+)-daphneolone-4'-O-β-d-glucoside (4) on the basis of MS, NMR spectrographic analysis, and chemical methods. All of the four compounds possessed C6-C5-C6 carbon skeleton, and among them, 3 and 4 were two new compounds. In activity screening test, compounds 1, 2, 3, and 4 showed different degrees of cytotoxic activity against the tumor cells of human melanoma A375-S2 by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium hydrobromide method, with IC(50) values of 29.8, 51.0, 41.0, and 150.0 μM, respectively. Furthermore, we found the important target which could explain the cytotoxic mechanism of the four compounds by using autodock 4.0, a structure-guided discovery approach, and the important residues CYS532, GLY534, and SER535 of B-Raf kinase have been discovered.

Three new cassane-diterpene-lactones, methyl 1α,7β-diacetoxy-5α,12α-dihydroxy-cass-13(15)-en-16,12-olide-17β-carboxylate (1), methyl 7β-acetoxy-1α,5α,12α-trihydroxy-cass-13(15)-en-16,12-olide-17β-carboxylate (2), and 12α-ethoxyl-1α,6α,7β-triacetoxy-5α,14β-dihydroxy-cass-13(15)-en-16,12-olide (3), were isolated from the seeds of Caesalpinia minax Hance. Their structures were established on the basis of HR-ESI-MS, 1D and 2D NMR spectral analysis.

From the dried aerial part of Acanthopanax senticosus, a new coumarin glycoside, eleutheroside B(2) (1), and a new sesquiterpenoid, oplopanone B (2), were isolated. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of chemical and spectroscopic methods.

Objective: To study the chemical constituents of Caesalpinia minax., Method: The chemical constituent was isolated by various chromatographic metheds and its structure was elucidated by the analysis of spectral data and physiochemical properties., Result: One diterpenoid compound was isolated from the 95% ethanolic extract of C. minax, and identified as 12alpha -methoxyl-14beta-hydroxy-lalpha, 6alpha, 7beta-triacetoxycass-13 (15)-en-16, 12-olide., Conclusion: Neocaesalpin L1 was a new compound and named as neocaesalpin L1.