3,740 results
Search Results
2. Osmoprotectants in the Sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) Transcriptome Revealed by in Silico Evaluation
- Author
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Barros dos Santos, Petra, da Mota Soares-Cavalcanti, Nina, Vieira-de-Melo, Gabriela S., Benko-Iseppon, Ana Maria, Hutchison, David, Series editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series editor, Kittler, Josef, Series editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series editor, Mitchell, John C., Series editor, Naor, Moni, Series editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, Series editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series editor, Sudan, Madhu, Series editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series editor, Tygar, Doug, Series editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., Series editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series editor, Istrail, Sorin, editor, Pevzner, Pavel, editor, Waterman, Michael S., editor, Rizzo, Riccardo, editor, and Lisboa, Paulo J. G., editor
- Published
- 2011
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3. Comparative In Silico Evaluation of MYB Transcription Factors in Eucalyptus, Sugarcane and Rice Transcriptomes
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Soares-Cavalcanti, Nina M., Wanderley-Nogueira, Ana C., Belarmino, Luis C., dos Santos Barros, Petra, Benko-Iseppon, Ana M., Hutchison, David, Series editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series editor, Kittler, Josef, Series editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series editor, Mitchell, John C., Series editor, Naor, Moni, Series editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, Series editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series editor, Sudan, Madhu, Series editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series editor, Tygar, Doug, Series editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., Series editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series editor, Istrail, Sorin, editor, Pevzner, Pavel, editor, Waterman, Michael S., editor, Masulli, Francesco, editor, Tagliaferri, Roberto, editor, and Verkhivker, Gennady M., editor
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- 2009
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4. Highly sensitive enclosed multilayer paper-based microfluidic sensor for quantifying proline in plants.
- Author
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Choi, Young-Soo, Im, Min Kyu, Lee, Mi Rha, Kim, Cheol Soo, and Lee, Kyeong-Hwan
- Subjects
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DETECTORS , *PROLINE , *DETECTION limit - Abstract
Free proline, termed proline, is a biomarker used for diagnosing drought stress in plants. A previously developed proline–ninhydrin reaction-based paper sensor could quickly and easily detect proline, but it was limited by low sensitivity. In this study, we developed an enclosed multilayer paper-based microfluidic sensor with high sensitivity for the quantitative detection of proline in plants. The multilayer paper-based sensor was manufactured using simple wax printing and origami methods, and contained an internal mixing channel to allow good mixing of the proline with ninhydrin, increasing the proline–ninhydrin reactivity and providing accurate and sensitive proline detection. By preloading ninhydrin onto the sample loading area, uniform coloration of the sensing window was achieved, allowing quantitative analysis of various proline concentrations using a constant reaction time. Only the sensing window and sample loading area were exposed to limit sample evaporation and contamination from the external environment. The LOD of the fabricated sensor was 23 μM, which is approximately 29-fold lower than that of the previously proposed paper sensor (657 μM). Samples were extracted from A. thaliana plants subjected to drought stress for proline detection. The proline concentrations measured using the developed paper sensor and a spectrophotometric method were not statistically significant at a confidence level of 95%. Therefore, the developed sensor can be applied to measure proline concentrations precisely in the field with a low detection limit. The developed paper-based sensor can be used to detect the early stages of drought in plants and thus improve crop productivity. Image 1 • An enclosed multilayer paper-based microfluidic sensor for proline quantification is manufactured. • The enclosed multilayer sensor structure avoids sample evaporation and contamination. • The sensor detects proline with a LOD of 23 μM. • The sensor is suitable for the early detection of drought stress in plants. • The measured proline concentration is similar to that measured by spectrometry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
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5. Molecular adaptation of barley to cold and drought conditions
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Stanca, Antonio Michele, Crosatti, Cristina, Grossi, Maria, Lacerenza, Nadia Gloria, Rizza, Fulvia, Cattivelli, Luigi, and Tigerstedt, Peter M. A., editor
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- 1997
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6. Detection of proline using a novel paper-based analytical device for on-site diagnosis of drought stress in plants
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Kyeong-Hwan Lee, Cheol Soo Kim, Young-Soo Choi, and Mi Rha Lee
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Paper ,Drought stress ,Proline ,Arabidopsis ,01 natural sciences ,010305 fluids & plasmas ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Stress, Physiological ,Lab-On-A-Chip Devices ,0103 physical sciences ,Instrumentation ,010302 applied physics ,Detection limit ,Dehydration ,Ninhydrin ,food and beverages ,Equipment Design ,Paper based ,Microfluidic Analytical Techniques ,Droughts ,chemistry ,Green color ,Biological system ,Biosensor - Abstract
We developed and characterized a paper-based microfluidic sensor for the on-site diagnosis of drought stress in plants. Proline was used as a biomarker for analyzing drought stress, which was extracted by a colorimetric method using the proline-ninhydrin reaction. Paper was used as the main sensor material for the on-site detection of proline as it is easily transportable and cost-effective. The paper-based sensor was fabricated using wax-printing and origami methods, and the sensor was precoated with ninhydrin to allow for easy and convenient on-site use. Furthermore, a sample-to-ninhydrin ratio of 1:2 was found to confer optimal sensitivity to the drought diagnosis sensor. The concentration of proline in a sample was quantified by red-green-blue analysis to determine the change in green color intensity levels in response to distinct proline concentrations, which were detected by the sensor. The limit of detection of proline using the devised sensor was 657 µM, and the green color intensity level decreased with increasing proline concentration. In addition, the sensor was validated in an experimental drought stress model with Arabidopsis and subjected to drought stress for 21 days, and the amount of proline detected was 10 mM. The devised paper-based microfluidic sensor highlights the possibility of the on-site evaluation of drought stress in plants with potential to be utilized in various agricultural areas in the future.
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- 2019
7. Variation in VA mycorrhizal strain interactions with Rhizobium on pigeon pea
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Ianson, D. C., Linderman, R. G., Keister, Donald L., editor, and Cregan, Perry B., editor
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- 1991
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8. MORPHO-PHYSIOLOGICAL AND ANATOMICAL ASSESSMENT OF DIFFERENT RICE VARIETIES SUBJECTED TO DROUGHT STRESS AT EARLY VEGETATIVE STAGE.
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KARIM, MOHD FAUZIHAN, ROSELY, NUR FARAH SUHADA MOHD, KAMIL, NUR AINI MOHD, and AMRI, CHE NURUL AINI CHE
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DROUGHT management ,RICE ,DROUGHTS ,RICE seeds ,AGRICULTURAL productivity ,FILTER paper ,PLANT growth - Abstract
Drought is a climate problem which has become a major constraint on crop production and causing social and economic devastation to local farmers worldwide. This climate issue has been the most destructive factors for rice cultivation and therefore requires scientist to be more responsive to this problem. In this study, we investigated the effect of drought stress at an early vegetative stage on plant growth, physiology and root anatomy of a few selected known tolerance rice varieties. Rice seeds were first germinated on moisturized filter papers before transplanted into polybags filled with topsoils. Drought treatment was imposed 4 weeks after transplanting until the first sign of rolled leaves were seen. In this study, drought had no major impact on plant height but reduced dry matter accumulation was seen in all varieties. Drought exposure had also triggered changes in the overall content of chlorophyll but not in the composition of chlorophyll a and b. Meanwhile, plants subject to drought in some parameters had better root morphology and structure compared to normal irrigation, especially in Kuku Belang, Apami and Huma Wangi Lenggong. However, depending on the variety, the responses varied in different order of magnitude. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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9. Vulnerability of white spruce tree growth in interior Alaska in response to climate variability: dendrochronological, demographic, and experimental perspectivesThis article is one of a selection of papers from The Dynamics of Change in Alaska’s Boreal Forests: Resilience and Vulnerability in Response to Climate Warming
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John Yarie, Roger W. Ruess, A. David McGuire, Glenn P. Juday, Andrea H. Lloyd, and Joy S. Clein
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Global and Planetary Change ,geography ,Drought stress ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,White (horse) ,Ecology ,Floodplain ,fungi ,Global warming ,Vulnerability ,Forestry ,Dendrochronology ,Spruce Tree ,Woody plant - Abstract
This paper integrates dendrochronological, demographic, and experimental perspectives to improve understanding of the response of white spruce ( Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) tree growth to climatic variability in interior Alaska. The dendrochronological analyses indicate that climate warming has led to widespread declines in white spruce growth throughout interior Alaska that have become more prevalent during the 20th century. Similarly, demographic studies show that white spruce tree growth is substantially limited by soil moisture availability in both mid- and late-successional stands. Interannual variability in tree growth among stands within a landscape exhibits greater synchrony than does growth of trees that occupy different landscapes, which agrees with dendrochronological findings that the responses depend on landscape position and prevailing climate. In contrast, the results from 18 years of a summer moisture limitation experiment showed that growth in midsuccessional upland stands was unaffected by moisture limitation and that moisture limitation decreased white spruce growth in floodplain stands where it was expected that growth would be less vulnerable because of tree access to river water. Taken together, the evidence from the different perspectives analyzed in this study clearly indicates that white spruce tree growth in interior Alaska is vulnerable to the effects of warming on plant water balance.
- Published
- 2010
10. 2018--2022 年"干旱胁迫对植物的影响研究"可视化分析.
- Author
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王为木, 张晓瑾, 刘 慧, 董姝楠, and 齐张蓉
- Abstract
Copyright of Journal of Irrigation & Drainage is the property of Journal of Irrigation & Drainage Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
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11. Editorial: The role of lipids in abiotic stress responses.
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Sah, Saroj Kumar and Sofo, Adriano
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ABIOTIC stress ,DROUGHT tolerance ,LIPIDS ,HEAT adaptation - Abstract
This document is an editorial from the journal Frontiers in Plant Science titled "The role of lipids in abiotic stress responses." It discusses the importance of lipids in plant responses to environmental stress, such as drought and high temperatures. The editorial highlights the complex relationship between lipids and stress adaptation in plants and emphasizes the need for further research in lipidomics and lipid signaling pathways. The document also mentions specific research papers included in the journal issue, which explore topics such as lipid remodeling in maize hybrids under drought, lipid modulation in peanuts under heat stress, the effect of temperature on lipid accumulation in microalgae, and the identification and expression analysis of KCS genes in soybean in response to abiotic stress. Overall, understanding the role of lipids in stress response is crucial for developing resilient and stress-tolerant crops. [Extracted from the article]
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- 2024
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12. Desiccation-tolerant plants in dry environments
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Le, T.-N., McQueen-Mason, S. J., Amils, Ricardo, editor, Ellis-Evans, Cynan, editor, and Hinghofer-Szalkay, Helmut, editor
- Published
- 2007
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13. Conditional love? Co-occurrence patterns of drought-sensitive species in European grasslands are consistent with the stress-gradient hypothesis
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Mark A. J. Huijbregts, Luca Santini, Ana Benítez-López, Aafke M. Schipper, Stephan M. Hennekens, Melinda M.J. de Jonge, European Research Council, and Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España)
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0106 biological sciences ,Vascular plant ,Drought stress ,community ecology ,drought stress ,dry grasslands ,joint species distribution model ,species associations ,stress-gradient hypothesis ,Species distribution ,Bos- en Landschapsecologie ,Joint species distribution model ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,Forest and Landscape Ecology ,Community ecology ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Vegetatie ,stress‐gradient hypothesis ,2. Zero hunger ,Abiotic component ,Global and Planetary Change ,Species association ,Vegetation ,Ecology ,biology ,Community ,Stress-gradient hypothesis ,Abiotic stress ,fungi ,Co-occurrence ,food and beverages ,15. Life on land ,biology.organism_classification ,Research Papers ,Taxon ,Dry grasslands ,13. Climate action ,Vegetatie, Bos- en Landschapsecologie ,Vegetation, Forest and Landscape Ecology ,Environmental Sciences ,Research Article ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
Aim: The stress-gradient hypothesis (SGH) postulates that species interactions shift from negative to positive with increasing abiotic stress. Interactions between species are increasingly being recognized as important drivers of species distributions, but it is still unclear whether stress-induced changes in interactions affect continental-to- global scale species distributions. Here, we tested whether associations of vascular plant species in dry grasslands in Europe follow the SGH along a climatic water deficit (CWD) gradient across the continent. Location: Dry grasslands in Europe. Time period: Present. Major taxa studied: Vascular plants. Methods: We built a context-dependent joint species distribution model (JSDM) to estimate the residual associations (i.e., associations that are not explained by the abiotic environment) of 161 plant species as a function of the CWD based on community data from 8,660 vegetation plots. We evaluated changes in residual associations between species for pairs and on the community level, and we compared responses for groups of species with different drought tolerances. Results: We found contrasting shifts in associations for drought-sensitive and drought-tolerant species. For drought-sensitive species, 21% of the pairwise associations became more positive with increasing CWD, whereas 17% became more negative. In contrast, only 17% of the pairwise associations involving drought-tolerant species became more positive, whereas 27% became more negative in areas with a high CWD. Additionally, the incidence of positive associations increased with drought for drought-sensitive species and decreased for drought-tolerant species. Main conclusions: We found that associations of drought-sensitive plant species became more positive with drought, in line with the SGH. In contrast, associations of drought-tolerant species became more negative. Additionally, changes in associations of single species pairs were highly variable. Our results indicate that stress-modulated Aim: The stress-gradient hypothesis (SGH) postulates that species interactions shift from negative to positive with increasing abiotic stress. Interactions between species are increasingly being recognized as important drivers of species distributions, but it is still unclear whether stress-induced changes in interactions affect continental-to- global scale species distributions. Here, we tested whether associations of vascular plant species in dry grasslands in Europe follow the SGH along a climatic water deficit (CWD) gradient across the continent. Location: Dry grasslands in Europe. Time period: Present. Major taxa studied: Vascular plants. Methods: We built a context-dependent joint species distribution model (JSDM) to estimate the residual associations (i.e., associations that are not explained by the abiotic environment) of 161 plant species as a function of the CWD based on community data from 8,660 vegetation plots. We evaluated changes in residual associations between species for pairs and on the community level, and we compared responses for groups of species with different drought tolerances. Results: We found contrasting shifts in associations for drought-sensitive and drought-tolerant species. For drought-sensitive species, 21% of the pairwise associations became more positive with increasing CWD, whereas 17% became more negative. In contrast, only 17% of the pairwise associations involving drought-tolerant species became more positive, whereas 27% became more negative in areas with a high CWD. Additionally, the incidence of positive associations increased with drought for drought-sensitive species and decreased for drought-tolerant species. Main conclusions: We found that associations of drought-sensitive plant species became more positive with drought, in line with the SGH. In contrast, associations of drought-tolerant species became more negative. Additionally, changes in associations of single species pairs were highly variable. Our results indicate that stress-modulated Aim: The stress-gradient hypothesis (SGH) postulates that species interactions shift from negative to positive with increasing abiotic stress. Interactions between species are increasingly being recognized as important drivers of species distributions, but it is still unclear whether stress-induced changes in interactions affect continental-to- global scale species distributions. Here, we tested whether associations of vascular plant species in dry grasslands in Europe follow the SGH along a climatic water deficit (CWD) gradient across the continent. Location: Dry grasslands in Europe. Time period: Present. Major taxa studied: Vascular plants. Methods: We built a context-dependent joint species distribution model (JSDM) to estimate the residual associations (i.e., associations that are not explained by the abiotic environment) of 161 plant species as a function of the CWD based on community data from 8,660 vegetation plots. We evaluated changes in residual associations between species for pairs and on the community level, and we compared responses for groups of species with different drought tolerances. Results: We found contrasting shifts in associations for drought-sensitive and drought-tolerant species. For drought-sensitive species, 21% of the pairwise associations became more positive with increasing CWD, whereas 17% became more negative. In contrast, only 17% of the pairwise associations involving drought-tolerant species became more positive, whereas 27% became more negative in areas with a high CWD. Additionally, the incidence of positive associations increased with drought for drought-sensitive species and decreased for drought-tolerant species. Main conclusions: We found that associations of drought-sensitive plant species became more positive with drought, in line with the SGH. In contrast, associations of drought-tolerant species became more negative. Additionally, changes in associations of single species pairs were highly variable. Our results indicate that stress-modulated species associations might influence the distribution of species over large geographical extents, thus leading to unexpected responses under climate change through shifts in species associations
- Published
- 2021
14. Bottlenecks and opportunities in field-based high-throughput phenotyping for heat and drought stress
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Ignacio A. Ciampitti, Nathan T. Hein, and S. V. Krishna Jagadish
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0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Crops, Agricultural ,Drought stress ,yield estimation ,Physiology ,Plant Science ,Agricultural engineering ,Biology ,eXtra Botany ,01 natural sciences ,heat stress ,03 medical and health sciences ,remote sensing ,Stress, Physiological ,photosynthetic efficiency ,Field based ,Stress resilience ,Resilience (network) ,Throughput (business) ,2. Zero hunger ,Abiotic component ,Review Paper ,AcademicSubjects/SCI01210 ,Crop yield ,time of day of flowering ,fungi ,food and beverages ,15. Life on land ,Heat stress ,Droughts ,030104 developmental biology ,Phenotype ,water-soluble carbohydrates ,field-based high-throughput phenotyping ,Edible Grain ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
This review focuses on developing high-throughput phenotyping approaches to quantify key physiological traits at high temporal frequency, involving diverse germplasm to incorporate greater heat and drought stress resilience in crops., Flowering and grain-filling stages are highly sensitive to heat and drought stress exposure, leading to significant loss in crop yields. Therefore, phenotyping to enhance resilience to these abiotic stresses is critical for sustaining genetic gains in crop improvement programs. However, traditional methods for screening traits related to these stresses are slow, laborious, and often expensive. Remote sensing provides opportunities to introduce low-cost, less biased, high-throughput phenotyping methods to capture large genetic diversity to facilitate enhancement of stress resilience in crops. This review focuses on four key physiological traits and processes that are critical in understanding crop responses to drought and heat stress during reproductive and grain-filling periods. Specifically, these traits include: (i) time of day of flowering, to escape these stresses during flowering; (ii) optimizing photosynthetic efficiency; (iii) storage and translocation of water-soluble carbohydrates; and (iv) yield and yield components to provide in-season yield estimates. Moreover, we provide an overview of current advances in remote sensing in capturing these traits, and discuss the limitations with existing technology as well as future direction of research to develop high-throughput phenotyping approaches. In the future, phenotyping these complex traits will require sensor advancement, high-quality imagery combined with machine learning methods, and efforts in transdisciplinary science to foster integration across disciplines.
- Published
- 2021
15. Agronomic, phytochemical and drought tolerance evaluation of Iranian cannabis (Cannabis sativa L.) ecotypes under different soil moisture levels: a step towards identifying pharmaceutical and industrial populations.
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Asadi, Sadegh, Moghaddam, Hosein, Naghdi Badi, Hassanali, Naghavi, Mohammad Reza, and Salami, Seyed Alireza
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CANNABIS (Genus) ,SOIL moisture ,DROUGHT tolerance ,SEED yield ,ANNUALS (Plants) ,HERBACEOUS plants - Abstract
Context: Cannabis is a herbaceous annual plant that belongs to the Cannabaceae family, which is used in the production of fibre, paper, oil and pharmaceutical products. Aims: The aim of this study was to identify drought-tolerant ecotypes and medicinal and industrial populations. Methods: Due to the medicinal and industrial importance of cannabis, 12 cannabis ecotypes were collected from different regions of Iran. Then, their agronomic and phytochemical characteristics were evaluated under different soil moisture conditions. Key results: The soil moisture levels had significant effects (P < 0.01) on the studied traits except for the 1000 seed weight. Based on duration of the growth period, the Tabas and Dasht-e-Moghan ecotypes were identified as early and late maturing ecotypes, respectively. Also, the highest stem dry weight and stem height/diameter ratio and the lowest seed yield were related to the Dasht-e-Moghan ecotype, which is valuable for fibre production. Based on seed yield (relative reduction) and some tolerance indexes, the Tabas and Tabrize ecotypes were shown to be the most tolerant and sensitive ecotypes, respectively. As soil moisture decreased, tetrahydrocannabinol levels increased and cannabidiol levels decreased. The highest amount of tetrahydrocannabinol was related to the Qom ecotype at 50% soil moisture and the highest amount of cannabidiol was related to the Rasht ecotype at 100% soil moisture. Conclusions: Generally, these ecotypes had different responses to soil moisture. Some ecotypes were valuable in terms of the production of pharmaceutical metabolites and some in terms of fibre production. Implications: Tolerant and sensitive ecotypes might be considered in production and also breeding programs. Cannabis is a herbaceous annual plant that belongs to the Cannabaceae family, and is used in the production of fibre, paper and oil. This plant has been used for the treatment of rheumatism, epilepsy, asthma, skin burns, gastrointestinal activity, osteoporosis, schizophrenia, cardiovascular disorders, cancer and metabolic syndrome-related disorders. Generally, our findings showed that these ecotypes had different responses to soil moisture, and some ecotypes were valuable in terms of the production of pharmaceutical metabolites and some in terms of fibre production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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16. Dead or dying? Quantifying the point of no return from hydraulic failure in drought‐induced tree mortality
- Author
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L. A. Wilson, Henry D. Adams, Rodney E. Will, William M. Hammond, Kailiang Yu, and William R. L. Anderegg
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0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Ecophysiology ,Drought stress ,Point of no return ,Physiology ,ecophysiology ,tree physiology ,Plant Science ,drought ,Biology ,01 natural sciences ,Loblolly pine ,Trees ,03 medical and health sciences ,Hydraulic conductivity ,Xylem ,Full Paper ,Plant Stems ,Research ,Water stress ,fungi ,food and beverages ,foliar color ,Water ,15. Life on land ,Full Papers ,Pinus ,tree die‐off ,Droughts ,030104 developmental biology ,climate change ,hydraulic failure ,Logistic Models ,Agronomy ,13. Climate action ,Color changes ,tree mortality ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
Summary Determining physiological mechanisms and thresholds for climate‐driven tree die‐off could help improve global predictions of future terrestrial carbon sinks. We directly tested for the lethal threshold in hydraulic failure – an inability to move water due to drought‐induced xylem embolism – in a pine sapling experiment.In a glasshouse experiment, we exposed loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) saplings (n = 83) to drought‐induced water stress ranging from mild to lethal. Before rewatering to relieve drought stress, we measured native hydraulic conductivity and foliar color change. We monitored all measured individuals for survival or mortality.We found a lethal threshold at 80% loss of hydraulic conductivity – a point of hydraulic failure beyond which it is more likely trees will die, than survive, and describe mortality risk across all levels of water stress. Foliar color changes lagged behind hydraulic failure – best predicting when trees had been dead for some time, rather than when they were dying.Our direct measurement of native conductivity, while monitoring the same individuals for survival or mortality, quantifies a continuous probability of mortality risk from hydraulic failure. Predicting tree die‐off events and understanding the mechanism involved requires knowledge not only of when trees are dead, but when they begin dying – having passed the point of no return.
- Published
- 2019
17. Desert truffle genomes reveal their reproductive modes and new insights into plant-fungal interaction and ectendomycorrhizal lifestyle
- Author
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Francisco Arenas, Shingo Miyauchi, José Eduardo Marqués-Gálvez, Asunción Morte, Annegret Kohler, Lucas Auer, Igor V. Grigoriev, Francis Martin, Alan Kuo, Emmanuelle Morin, Manuela Pérez-Gilabert, Francesco Paolocci, Alfonso Navarro-Ródenas, Kerrie Barry, Interactions Arbres-Microorganismes (IAM), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Universidad de Murcia, Department of Energy / Joint Genome Institute (DOE), Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), and ANR-11-LABX-0002,ARBRE,Recherches Avancées sur l'Arbre et les Ecosytèmes Forestiers(2011)
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0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,plant–microbe interactions ,MAT genes ,Physiology ,arid environment ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,Plant Biology & Botany ,plant-microbe interactions ,mycorrhiza ,Pezizomycetes ,Plant Science ,Cistaceae ,01 natural sciences ,Genome ,desert truffles ,03 medical and health sciences ,Symbiosis ,Ascomycota ,Mycorrhizae ,Botany ,Genetics ,Gene family ,Mycorrhiza ,Life Style ,2. Zero hunger ,microbe interactions ,Truffle ,Full Paper ,biology ,Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences ,Research ,Reproduction ,fungi ,drought stress ,Full Papers ,15. Life on land ,Biological Sciences ,biology.organism_classification ,Sexual reproduction ,030104 developmental biology ,[SDE]Environmental Sciences ,plant– ,ectendomycorrhizal symbiosis ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
International audience; Desert truffles are edible hypogeous fungi forming ectendomycorrhizal symbiosis with plants of Cistaceae family. Knowledge about the reproductive modes of these fungi and the molecular mechanisms driving the ectendomycorrhizal interaction is lacking. Genomes of the highly appreciated edible desert truffles Terfezia claveryi Chatin and Tirmania nivea Trappe have been sequenced and compared with other Pezizomycetes. Transcriptomes of T. claveryi × Helianthemum almeriense mycorrhiza from well-watered and drought-stressed plants, when intracellular colonizations is promoted, were investigated. We have identified the fungal genes related to sexual reproduction in desert truffles and desert-truffles-specific genomic and secretomic features with respect to other Pezizomycetes, such as the expansion of a large set of gene families with unknown Pfam domains and a number of species or desert-truffle-specific small secreted proteins differentially regulated in symbiosis. A core set of plant genes, including carbohydrate, lipid-metabolism, and defence-related genes, differentially expressed in mycorrhiza under both conditions was found. Our results highlight the singularities of desert truffles with respect to other mycorrhizal fungi while providing a first glimpse on plant and fungal determinants involved in ecto to endo symbiotic switch that occurs in desert truffle under dry conditions.
- Published
- 2021
18. Effect of Drought and Nitrogen on Betulin and Oleanolic Acid Accumulation and OSC Gene Expression in White Birch Saplings.
- Author
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Yin, Jing, Liang, Tian, Wang, Siyao, Zhang, Mengyan, Xiao, Jialei, Zhan, Yaguang, and Li, Chunxiao
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EFFECT of drought on plants ,BIOACCUMULATION in plants ,GENE expression in plants ,PAPER birch ,SAPOGENINS ,NITROGEN content of plants - Abstract
Betulin and oleanolic acid are pentacyclic triterpene compounds with a broad range of biological and medicinal properties. Herein, we demonstrated that 2-year-old white birch saplings were capable of synthesizing betulin and oleanolic acid, and the accumulation of these compounds was significantly affected by seasonal and environmental factors. Indeed, the triterpenes accumulated mainly in the stem bark, with little in the root bark and leaves. From May to October, betulin and oleanolic acid stem bark accumulation displayed an inverted 'V' curve, peaking in late July to late August (warmest summer months in Haerbin, China). Interestingly, low nitrogen levels promoted root bark and leaf accumulation of oleanolic acid, while high nitrogen amounts were more favorable to oleanolic acid and betulin accumulation in the stem bark. Moderate and mild drought during the accumulation peak period promoted oleanolic acid and betulin accumulation in the stem bark. Serious shortage of soil moisture inhibited the accumulation of both triterpenes. From July to August, high nitrogen (N3) treatment increased lupeol synthase (BPW) and beta-amyrin synthase (BPY) gene expression in the stem bark. Water stress, especially mild and moderate, induced BPW and BPY expression and downregulated cycloartenol synthase (BPX) in the stem bark. This study provides a strong basis for understanding triterpenoid synthesis in birch at the molecular level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
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19. The effect of progressive drought on physiological traits of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi.
- Author
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CHEN Yusen, SUN Yiyang, GUO Junling, ZHANG Qiang, YANG Zhiping, and HUANG Gaojian
- Subjects
CHINESE skullcap ,SOIL moisture ,DROUGHT management ,DROUGHTS ,PHOTOSYNTHETIC rates ,WATER purification ,CHINESE medicine - Abstract
[Objective] Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi (SBG) is a Chinese medicine. This paper studies the combined effect of initial soil water content and progressive drought on physiological traits and quality of SBG. [Method] The pot experiment was conducted in a mobile water shelter. The initial soil water content in the pots were controlled at 40%, 60% and 80% of the field capacity (FC) to represent severe, moderate, and mild drought, respectively. In each treatment, we measured the biomass, photosynthetic characteristics, osmotic substances, activities of antioxidant enzymes and active ingredients of the plants. [Result] ① No significant difference in biomass accumulation was found between the treatments. ② During the stress period, baicalin content was significantly higher in the 80%FC treatment, baicalein content was significantly higher in the 40%FC treatment and the baicalin content decreased with initial soil water treatment in the order of 40%FC>60%FC>80%FC. When the soil water content was 40%FC and 60%FC, the baicalin content was 17.3% and 11.3% higher than that when soil water content was 80%FC. Change in soil water contents did not have a significant impact on baicalein content. ③ Net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance and intercellular carbon dioxide concentration all decreased as the plants grew, regardless of the soil water treatments. 8-10 d after the onset of water stress, the net photosynthetic rate did not show significant differences between the 60%FC and 80%FC treatments. ④ Under water stress, the content of malondialdehyde and proline in all treatments increased as the plants grew. The proline content was the highest in the 80%FC treatment, reaching 121.66 µg/g. ⑤ The activities of POD and CAT responded to water stress similarly, both increasing gradually as water stress persisted. The impact of soil water on activity of SOD was ranked in the order of 40%FC>60%FC>80%FC. ⑥ The active ingredients were higher in the 40%FC and 60%FC treatments. [Conclusion] Severe progressive drought with the soil water content kept at 40%FC reduced photosynthesis and increased baicalein content, osmolytes and activity of antioxidant enzymes. Mild and severe droughts by keeping the soil water content at 40%FC and 60%FC can improve accumulation of active ingredients in SBG. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Current views of drought research: experimental methods, adaptation mechanisms and regulatory strategies.
- Author
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Xiyue Wang, Xiaomei Li, Wei Zhao, Xiaomin Hou, and Shoukun Dong
- Subjects
DROUGHT management ,DROUGHTS ,TECHNOLOGICAL innovations ,MOLECULAR biology ,RESEARCH methodology ,ABIOTIC stress - Abstract
Drought stress is one of the most important abiotic stresses which causes many yield losses every year. This paper presents a comprehensive review of recent advances in international drought research. First, the main types of drought stress and the commonly used drought stress methods in the current experiment were introduced, and the advantages and disadvantages of each method were evaluated. Second, the response of plants to drought stress was reviewed from the aspects of morphology, physiology, biochemistry and molecular progression. Then, the potential methods to improve drought resistance and recent emerging technologies were introduced. Finally, the current research dilemma and future development direction were summarized. In summary, this review provides insights into drought stress research from different perspectives and provides a theoretical reference for scholars engaged in and about to engage in drought research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Response and Mechanism of Source-Sink-Flow Caused by the Compensation Effect of Crop Rehydration After Drought.
- Author
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LI Taotao, LIU Yijian, YE Jiali, WANG Shiwen, YIN Lina, DENG Xiping, and SHAN Lun
- Abstract
[Objective] Crops often suffer from interval drought and rehydration (rainfall or irrigation) during the whole growth period, especially in arid and semi-arid areas. Under drought stress, the growth and development of crops are inhibited, and the yield is reduced; meanwhile, the plants drought tolerance will be induced. In order to compensate loss of yield or growth induced by drought stress, crop often shows compensatory after rehydration, which produces compensation or even over compensation effect on yield. The compensation effect of post drought is the result of crop's positive response to drought stress and compensatory growth after rehydration. It can effectively improve crop yield and water use efficiency in crop production in arid areas. [Methods] Source sink relationship is widely used to explain the crop yield formation, and regulating the source sink relationship is one of key way to improve crop yield. The compensation effect of post drought is highly related to the source sink response of crops. Based on the current research progress, this paper tries to explain the compensation effect of post drought in source and ink way. [Results] Under the drought stress, in the source, the stomata were closed, photosynthesis was decreased and soluble carbohydrate accumulation was increased, while sink activity was often increased. After rehydration, the metabolism of soluble carbohydrate in the source (leaf) was enhanced, which enhanced the photosynthesis and the ability of carbohydrate synthesis; meanwhile, the sink activity (grain) was maintained at a high level, and the rate of assimilate unloading and accumulation was accelerated; the assimilate in the flow remained at a high level. During this process, the activities of sucrose invertase (INV), ell wall invertase (CW-INV) and fructan exohydrolases (1-FEH w3) play important roles in the source sink response to the compensation effect of post-drought. [Conclusion] This paper integrated the mechanism of compensation effect of post drought in the perspective of source sink relationship, which provides a theoretical basis for understanding the mechanism of compensation effect of post drought and improving crop water efficient in arid areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Determinants of legacy effects in pine trees - implications from an irrigation-stop experiment
- Author
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Roman Zweifel, Andreas Rigling, Matthias Haeni, Maurizio Mencuccini, Sophia Etzold, Linda M. Feichtinger, Katrin Meusburger, Frank Sterck, Arun K. Bose, Martina Lazzarin, Arthur Gessler, Georg von Arx, Yann Salmon, Simon Knuesel, Leonie Schoenbeck, Tommaso Anfodillo, Lorenz Walthert, Marcus Schaub, Arnaud Giuggiola, Nicolas De Girardi, Christian Hug, INAR Physics, Micrometeorology and biogeochemical cycles, Ecosystem processes (INAR Forest Sciences), and Viikki Plant Science Centre (ViPS)
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Drought stress ,Physiology ,Range (biology) ,cambial activity ,Ecological memory ,Plant Science ,01 natural sciences ,ALLOCATION ,Osmoregulation ,drought stress ,ecological memory ,irrigation experiment ,osmoregulation ,point dendrometer ,radial stem growth ,TreeNet ,Point dendrometer ,DROUGHT ,ROOTS ,Radial stem growth ,Cambial activity ,4112 Forestry ,biology ,Full Paper ,Crown size ,NONSTRUCTURAL CARBON ,Crown (botany) ,Pinus sylvestris ,Full Papers ,PE&RC ,Droughts ,SYLVESTRIS ,Shoot ,1181 Ecology, evolutionary biology ,Irrigation ,WATER RELATIONS ,Irrigation experiment ,03 medical and health sciences ,Bosecologie en Bosbeheer ,PLANT ,SCOTS PINE ,Research ,Scots pine ,Water ,Horticulture & Product Physiology ,15. Life on land ,RADIAL GROWTH ,biology.organism_classification ,Pinus ,Forest Ecology and Forest Management ,Plant Leaves ,030104 developmental biology ,Agronomy ,Turnover ,Tuinbouw & Productfysiologie ,010606 plant biology & botany ,RESPONSES - Abstract
Tree responses to altered water availability range from immediate (e.g. stomatal regulation) to delayed (e.g. crown size adjustment). The interplay of the different response times and processes, and their effects on long‐term whole‐tree performance, however, is hardly understood. - Here we investigated legacy effects on structures and functions of mature Scots pine in a dry inner‐Alpine Swiss valley after stopping an 11‐yr lasting irrigation treatment. Measured ecophysiological time series were analysed and interpreted with a system‐analytic tree model. - We found that the irrigation stop led to a cascade of downregulations of physiological and morphological processes with different response times. Biophysical processes responded within days, whereas needle and shoot lengths, crown transparency, and radial stem growth reached control levels after up to 4 yr only. Modelling suggested that organ and carbon reserve turnover rates play a key role for a tree’s responsiveness to environmental changes. Needle turnover rate was found to be most important to accurately model stem growth dynamics. - We conclude that leaf area and its adjustment time to new conditions is the main determinant for radial stem growth of pine trees as the transpiring area needs to be supported by a proportional amount of sapwood, despite the growth‐inhibiting environmental conditions. ISSN:0028-646X ISSN:1469-8137
- Published
- 2020
23. The Influence of Sodium Salt on Growth, Photosynthesis, Na + /K + Homeostasis and Osmotic Adjustment of Atriplex canescens under Drought Stress.
- Author
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Zhang, Zhenzhong, Zhang, Tan, Yin, Baosi, Wang, Zhongjing, Li, Runjie, and Li, Shen
- Subjects
DROUGHTS ,SODIUM salts ,BETAINE ,ATRIPLEX ,EFFECT of salt on plants ,SOIL moisture ,HOMEOSTASIS ,ARID regions - Abstract
Atriplex canescens is widely cultivated as drought and salt-tolerant fodder in arid regions of Northwest China, which is used for photoremediation of degraded land and soil and water conservation. To explore the growth performance of A. canescens when exposed to drought and salt stress, seedlings were treated with a range of drought stress (WC1: 75 ± 3.6%, WC2: 49 ± 2.9% and WC3: 27 ± 2.5% of soil water content) and the corresponding drought stress with additional sodium salt supplementation (NaCl:Na
2 SO4 = 1:1 with the total concentration of Na+ set to 150 mM). The findings of this paper indicated that moderate sodium salt could stimulate the growth of A. canescens and effectively alleviate the deleterious impact of drought stress by increasing the turgor potential (ψt) and relative water content (RWC) and decreasing the leaf water osmotic potential (ψs). Furthermore, the photosynthetic capacity was improved and the negative effects of drought stress on photosystem II (PSII) were mitigated. The extra 150 mM sodium salt also markedly increased the contribution of Na+ to ψs and the contribution of betaine to ψs. In summary, these results indicate that A. canescens can adapt to drought stress by accumulating enough Na+ for osmotic adjustment (OA). Additionally, this paper is aimed to provide a fundamental basis for the utilization and cultivation of A. canescens as a favored pasture crop in the Qaidam basin, thus increasing the ecological and environmental benefits for arid regions worldwide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Comparative genomics can provide new insights into the evolutionary mechanisms and gene function in CAM plants
- Author
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Timothy J. Tschaplinski, Gerald A. Tuskan, Xiaohan Yang, and Degao Liu
- Subjects
Candidate gene ,animal structures ,Physiology ,Carboxylic Acids ,Genomics ,Plant Science ,Computational biology ,Biology ,Genes, Plant ,Evolution, Molecular ,Genome editing ,Molecular evolution ,evolution ,CRISPR ,genome editing ,Review Papers ,Comparative genomics ,photosynthesis ,Research ,fungi ,drought stress ,food and beverages ,Plants ,gene function ,crassulacean acid metabolism ,Adaptation ,Function (biology) - Abstract
Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) photosynthesis is an important biological innovation enabling plant adaptation to hot and dry environments. CAM plants feature high water-use efficiency, with potential for sustainable crop production under water-limited conditions. A deep understanding of CAM-related gene function and molecular evolution of CAM plants is critical for exploiting the potential of engineering CAM into C3 crops to enhance crop production on semi-arid or marginal agricultural lands. With the newly emerging genomics resources for multiple CAM species, progress has been made in comparative genomics studies on the molecular basis and subsequently on the evolution of CAM. Here, recent advances in CAM comparative genomics research in constitutive and facultative CAM plants are reviewed, with a focus on the analyses of DNA/protein sequences and gene expression to provide new insights into the path and driving force of CAM evolution and to identify candidate genes involved in CAM-related biological processes. Potential applications of new computational and experimental technologies (e.g. CRISPR/Cas-mediated genome-editing technology) to the comparative and evolutionary genomics research on CAM plants are offered., This review updates the understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying CAM evolution from C3 photosynthesis and explores the potential of comparative genomics for identifying candidate genes related to CAM.
- Published
- 2019
25. The bHLH family member ZmPTF1 regulates drought tolerance in maize by promoting root development and abscisic acid synthesis
- Author
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Qijun Ran, Ying Zhang, Baomei Wang, Can Liu, Juren Zhang, and Zhaoxia Li
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Abscisic acid synthesis ,root development ,Physiology ,Transgene ,Drought tolerance ,Mutant ,Regulator ,Plant Science ,Biology ,maize ,01 natural sciences ,Plant Roots ,Zea mays ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ,Stress, Physiological ,Transcriptional regulation ,transcriptional regulation ,ZmPTF1 ,Abscisic acid ,Transcription factor ,Gene ,Plant Proteins ,fungi ,drought stress ,food and beverages ,Research Papers ,Cell biology ,Droughts ,030104 developmental biology ,chemistry ,Plant—Environment Interactions ,010606 plant biology & botany ,Abscisic Acid ,Transcription Factors - Abstract
ZmPTF1 regulates drought tolerance in maize by promoting root development and ABA synthesis, by binding to the G-box in the promoter and activating the expression of NCEDs, CBF4, NAC081, and NAC30., Drought stress is the most important environmental stress limiting maize production. ZmPTF1, a phosphate starvation-induced basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor, contributes to root development and low-phosphate tolerance in maize. Here, ZmPTF1 expression, drought tolerance, and the underlying mechanisms were studied by using maize ZmPTF1 overexpression lines and mutants. ZmPTF1 was found to be a positive regulator of root development, ABA synthesis, signalling pathways, and drought tolerance. ZmPTF1 was also found to bind to the G-box element within the promoter of 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase (NCED), C-repeat-binding factor (CBF4), ATAF2/NAC081, NAC30, and other transcription factors, and to act as a positive regulator of the expression of those genes. The dramatically upregulated NCEDs led to increased abscisic acid (ABA) synthesis and activation of the ABA signalling pathway. The up-regulated transcription factors hierarchically regulate the expression of genes involved in root development, stress responses, and modifications of transcriptional regulation. The improved root system, increased ABA content, and activated ABA-, CBF4-, ATAF2-, and NAC30-mediated stress responses increased the drought tolerance of the ZmPTF1 overexpression lines, while the mutants showed opposite trends. This study describes a useful gene for transgenic breeding and helps us understand the role of a bHLH protein in plant root development and stress responses.
- Published
- 2019
26. Arabidopsis ADF5 promotes stomatal closure by regulating actin cytoskeleton remodeling in response to ABA and drought stress
- Author
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Tian Li, Yue Niu, Qiong Nan, Xiaobin Ou, Pan Zhang, Yun Xiang, Juanxia He, Wenliang He, Dong Qian, Zhe Zhang, Kun Jiang, Lipan Niu, and Lizhe An
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Drought stress ,Physiology ,actin cytoskeleton remodeling ,Arabidopsis ,Plant Science ,macromolecular substances ,drought ,Biology ,01 natural sciences ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Transcription (biology) ,Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ,Transcription factor ,Abscisic acid ,Actin ,Regulation of gene expression ,Arabidopsis Proteins ,fungi ,food and beverages ,Water ,Cell Biology ,ADF5 ,Actin cytoskeleton ,biology.organism_classification ,Research Papers ,Cell biology ,Droughts ,DNA-Binding Proteins ,ABF/AREBs ,Actin Cytoskeleton ,030104 developmental biology ,Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors ,chemistry ,ABA ,Actin Depolymerizing Factors ,Mutation ,Plant Stomata ,stomatal movement ,010606 plant biology & botany ,Abscisic Acid ,Transcription Factors - Abstract
ADF5 promotes stomatal closure by regulating actin filament dynamics, and members of the ABF/AREB transcription factor family may serve as potential upstream regulators of ADF5 in the drought stress/ABA signaling pathway., Stomatal movement plays an essential role in plant responses to drought stress, and the actin cytoskeleton and abscisic acid (ABA) are two important components of this process. Little is known about the mechanism underlying actin cytoskeleton remodeling and the dynamic changes occurring during stomatal movement in response to drought stress/ABA signaling. Actin-depolymerizing factors (ADFs) are conserved actin severing/depolymerizing proteins in eukaryotes, and in angiosperms ADFs have evolved actin-bundling activity. Here, we reveal that the transcriptional expression of neofunctionalized Arabidopsis ADF5 was induced by drought stress and ABA treatment. Furthermore, we demonstrated that ADF5 loss-of-function mutations increased water loss from detached leaves, reduced plant survival rates after drought stress, and delayed stomatal closure by regulating actin cytoskeleton remodeling via its F-actin-bundling activity. Biochemical assays revealed that an ABF/AREB transcription factor, DPBF3, could bind to the ADF5 promoter and activate its transcription via the ABA-responsive element core motif ACGT/C. Taken together, our findings indicate that ADF5 participates in drought stress by regulating stomatal closure, and may also serve as a potential downstream target of the drought stress/ABA signaling pathway via members of the ABF/AREB transcription factors family.
- Published
- 2018
27. Candidate regulators and target genes of drought stress in needles and roots of Norway spruce
- Author
-
Vaughan Hurry, Nathaniel R. Street, Alonso Serrano, Julia Christa Haas, Alexander Vergara, and Sanatkumar Mishra
- Subjects
Stomatal conductance ,Skogsvetenskap ,Physiology ,Plant Science ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Botany ,Arabidopsis thaliana ,RNA-Seq ,Picea ,Abscisic acid ,biology ,AcademicSubjects/SCI01210 ,Norway ,Picea abies ,Forest Science ,Taiga ,fungi ,drought stress ,food and beverages ,Botanik ,Herbaceous plant ,biology.organism_classification ,Droughts ,chemistry ,ABA ,Needles ,Seedlings ,Seedling ,Shoot ,Norway spruce ,gene expression ,transcriptome ,Research Paper - Abstract
Drought stress impacts seedling establishment, survival and whole-plant productivity. Molecular responses to drought stress have been most extensively studied in herbaceous species, mostly considering only aboveground tissues. Coniferous tree species dominate boreal forests, which are predicted to be exposed to more frequent and acute drought as a result of ongoing climate change. The associated impact at all stages of the forest tree life cycle is expected to have large-scale ecological and economic impacts. However, the molecular response to drought has not been comprehensively profiled for coniferous species. We assayed the physiological and transcriptional response of Picea abies (L.) H. Karst seedling needles and roots after exposure to mild and severe drought. Shoots and needles showed an extensive reversible plasticity for physiological measures indicative of drought-response mechanisms, including changes in stomatal conductance (gs), shoot water potential and abscisic acid (ABA). In both tissues, the most commonly observed expression profiles in response to drought were highly correlated with the ABA levels. Still, root and needle transcriptional responses contrasted, with extensive root-specific down-regulation of growth. Comparison between previously characterized Arabidopsis thaliana L. drought-response genes and P. abies revealed both conservation and divergence of transcriptional response to drought. In P. abies, transcription factors belonging to the ABA responsive element(ABRE) binding/ABRE binding factors ABA-dependent pathway had a more limited role. These results highlight the importance of profiling both above- and belowground tissues, and provide a comprehensive framework to advance the understanding of the drought response of P. abies. The results demonstrate that a short-term, severe drought induces severe physiological responses coupled to extensive transcriptome modulation and highlight the susceptibility of Norway spruce seedlings to such drought events.
- Published
- 2021
28. 外源水杨酸对 PEG 胁迫下谷子发芽及幼苗生长的影响.
- Author
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吴子龙, 张晨, 刘天艺, 纪佳佳, 刘瑶瑶, 任梦莹, and 赵昕
- Abstract
Copyright of Feed Research is the property of Editorial Board of Feed Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. 6 个欧李品种对干旱胁迫的响应及抗旱性评价.
- Author
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何建龙, 王占军, 柳超超, 高嘉瑞, 李小明, and 田 英
- Abstract
Copyright of Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences is the property of Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Alleviating the drought stress and improving the plant resistance properties of Triticum aestivum via biopriming with aspergillus fumigatus.
- Author
-
George, Nelly Michel, Hany-Ali, Gehad, Abdelhaliem, Ekram, and Abdel-Haleem, Mohamed
- Subjects
ASPERGILLUS fumigatus ,DROUGHT management ,REVERSE transcriptase polymerase chain reaction ,WHEAT ,DROUGHTS ,AGRICULTURE ,PHOTOSYNTHETIC pigments - Abstract
Background: Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most widely grown and vital cereal crops, containing a high percentage of basic nutrients such as carbohydrates and proteins. Drought stress is one of the most significant limitations on wheat productivity. Due to climate change influences plant development and growth, physiological processes, grain quality, and yield. Drought stress has elicited a wide range of plant responses, namely physiological and molecular adaptations. Biopriming is one of the recent attempts to combat drought stress. Mitigating the harmful impact of abiotic stresses on crops by deploying extreme-habitat-adapted symbiotic microbes. The purpose of this study was to see how biopriming Triticum aestivum grains affected the effects of inoculating endophytic fungi Aspergillus fumigatus ON307213 isolated from stressed wheat plants in four model agricultural plants (Gemmiza-7, Sids-1, Sakha8, and Giza 168). And its viability in reducing drought stress through the use of phenotypic parameters such as root and shoot fresh and dry weight, shoot and root length, and so on. On a biochemical and physiological level, enzymatic parameters such as catalase and superoxidase dismutase are used. Total phenolics, flavonoids, and photosynthetic pigments are non-enzymatic parameters. Making use of molecular techniques such as reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results: It has been found that using Aspergillus fumigatus as a biological biopriming tool can positively impact wheat plants experiencing drought stress. The total biomass of stressed wheat plants that had been bio-primed rose by more than 40% as compared to wheat plants that had not been bio-primed. A. fumigatus biopriming either increased or decreased the amount of enzymatic and non-enzymatic substances on biochemical scales, aside from the noticeable increase in photosynthetic pigment that occurs in plants that have been bio-primed and stressed. Drought-resistant genes show a biopriming influence in gene expression. Conclusions: This is the first paper to describe the practicality of a. fumigatus biopriming and its effect on minimizing the degrading effects of drought through water limitation. It suggests the potential applications of arid habitat-adapted endophytes in agricultural systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. ISOLATION OF PLANT PROBIOTICS (BACILLUS SUBTILIS) AND ITS EFFECT ON GERMINATION OF TOMATO SEEDS AT DROUGHT STRESS.
- Author
-
Lunavath, Madhavi, Swamy, Mahadeva, and Bhukya, Bhima
- Abstract
Salt and heat tolerance are important traits for a germinating seed. Not all plants harbor the traits, but mutualistic bacteria can help in salt and heat stress tolerance. In order to determine the potential to tolerate the stress, 12 isolates from tomato rhizosphere were investigated. The germination tests were taken on germination paper with different temperatures spanning from 35 and 45 °C with the bacterial inoculum. The salt tolerance was tested using bile salt and sodium chloride. The pH tolerance was tested on pH 3 and pH 5. Among all the isolates, Bacillus subtilis (MBM 5) was found to be of significant importance. It was identified using 16S rDNA sequencing method. Homology analysis of the 16S rDNA showed it to be B. subtilis and submitted to Genebank with accession number OP777493.1. The germination stage of tomato seedlings treated with a strain of Bacillus subtilis at drought condition (pH-3 and 5, 7 and 9; temperature 15°C, 25°C, 35°C and 45°C) showed significant improvement from the control treatment. The germinating seeds were able to withhold a higher acidity after inoculation of the bacterial strain at time intervals of 3 to 12 hours. Tomato plants benefited from inoculum treatment, with a significant increase in stem bulk and root length. The results of this investigation support the idea that B. subtilis (MBM 5) can be utilized to fertilize tomato seeds and produce other bioproducts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Humic acid improves the physiological and photosynthetic characteristics of millet seedlings under drought stress
- Author
-
Meijun Guo, Dong Shuqi, Song Xi'e, Yuan Xiangyang, Jie Shen, Wen Yinyuan, Yuguo Wang, and Pingyi Guo
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Drought stress ,Drought tolerance ,Correction ,food and beverages ,Plant Science ,Biology ,Photosynthesis ,01 natural sciences ,Droughts ,03 medical and health sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,Agronomy ,chemistry ,Seedlings ,Humic acid ,Millets ,Reactive Oxygen Species ,Potential mechanism ,Humic Substances ,010606 plant biology & botany ,Research Paper - Abstract
We aimed to determine whether humic acid (HA) can alleviate the injury of millet caused by drought and its potential mechanism. Millet seeds (Jingu 21 and Zhangza 10) were soaked in different concentrations of HA (0, 50, 10, 200, and 300 mg L(−1)) for 12 h. The physiological and photosynthetic characteristics of millet seedlings, including growth parameters, osmotic regulators, antioxidase activity, photosynthesis, chlorophyll fluorescence, and P700 parameters, were determined before and after drought stress. HA significantly promoted the growth of millet seedlings under drought stress. Pretreatment with 100 mg L(−1) or 200 mg L(−1) HA significantly increased free proline, soluble protein, and activity of the antioxidant enzyme system (superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase) in both Zhangza 10 and Jingu 21. The accumulation of reactive oxygen species ([Image: see text] and H(2)O(2)) was reduced in HA treatments compared with that of the control (P
- Published
- 2020
33. RIPPS: A Plant Phenotyping System for Quantitative Evaluation of Growth Under Controlled Environmental Stress Conditions
- Author
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Miki Fujita, Takanari Tanabata, Kaoru Urano, Kazuo Shinozaki, and Saya Kikuchi
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Drought stress ,Physiology ,Salt stress ,Plant genetics ,Arabidopsis ,Plant Science ,01 natural sciences ,Environmental stress ,Automation ,03 medical and health sciences ,Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ,Water-use efficiency ,Water content ,Plant Proteins ,biology ,business.industry ,fungi ,Regular Papers ,Water use efficiency ,food and beverages ,Plant physiology ,Cell Biology ,General Medicine ,biology.organism_classification ,Plant phenotyping ,Biotechnology ,Salinity ,Phenotype ,030104 developmental biology ,Phenotyping ,business ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
High-throughput and accurate measurements of plant traits facilitate identification of gene function. Along with recent advances in quantitative genomics, there is a growing need for precise quantification of multiple traits in plants. However, it is difficult continuously to quantify plant adaptive responses to environmental stress responses such as drought because multiple environmental factors are intricately involved in the phenotype. To solve this problem, we developed an automatic phenotyping system for evaluating the growth responses of individual Arabidopsis plants to a wide range of environmental conditions. The RIKEN Integrated Plant Phenotyping System (RIPPS) controls soil moisture for single plants by automatically weighing and watering 120 continuously rotating pots under controlled light, humidity and temperature growth conditions. RIPPS also records individual rosette size and expansion rate by photographing plants every 2 h. We used RIPPS to establish phenotype evaluation methods for Arabidopsis growth response and water use efficiency under various water conditions, and analyzed the involvement of ABA metabolism in determining water use efficiency. We also used RIPPS to analyze salinity tolerance in Arabidopsis plants.
- Published
- 2018
34. Stomatal and growth responses to hydraulic and chemical changes induced by progressive soil drying
- Author
-
Xiaoqing Li, William J. Davies, Jianbo Shen, Sally Wilkinson, and Brian G. Forde
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Drought stress ,Stomatal conductance ,Physiology ,shoot ,hormone ,Plant Science ,drought ,maize ,01 natural sciences ,Plant Roots ,Zea mays ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Soil ,Plant Growth Regulators ,ethylene ,Desiccation ,Abscisic acid ,Soil drying ,physiological responses ,2. Zero hunger ,fungi ,food and beverages ,15. Life on land ,Ethylenes ,Abscisic acid (ABA) ,root ,Research Papers ,Physiological responses ,Droughts ,Plant Leaves ,Horticulture ,030104 developmental biology ,Water potential ,Agronomy ,chemistry ,13. Climate action ,Shoot ,Plant Stomata ,sense organs ,Elongation ,Plant–Environment Interactions ,010606 plant biology & botany ,Abscisic Acid - Abstract
This study synchronously investigated maize growth and physiological responses to progressive soil drying. It indicates that hydraulic and chemical changes may regulate plant development and functioning during onset of drought., A better understanding of physiological responses of crops to drought stress is important for ensuring sustained crop productivity under climate change. Here, we studied the effect on 15-day-old maize (Zea mays L.) plants of a 6 d non-lethal period of soil drying [soil water potential (SWP) decreased from –0.20 MPa to –0.81 MPa]. Root growth was initially stimulated during drying (when SWP decreased from –0.31 MPa to –0.38 MPa, compared with –0.29 MPa in well-watered pots), followed by inhibition during Days 5–6 (SWP from –0.63 MPa to –0.81 MPa). Abscisic acid (ABA) in the root began to accumulate as the root water potential declined during Days 2–3. Leaf elongation was inhibited from Day 4 (SWP less than –0.51 MPa), just after leaf ABA content began to increase, but coinciding with a decline in leaf water potential. The stomatal conductance was restricted earlier in the younger leaf (fourth) (on Day 3) than in the older leaf (third). The ethylene content of leaves and roots decreased during drying, but after the respective increase in ABA contents. This work identified critical timing of hydraulic and chemical changes at the onset of soil drying, which can be important in initiating early stomatal and growth responses to drought.
- Published
- 2017
35. The Arabidopsis Cys2/His2 zinc finger transcription factor ZAT18 is a positive regulator of plant tolerance to drought stress
- Author
-
Zhulong Chan, Qingfeng Wang, Jinzhu Li, Wenli Quan, Yanping Wang, Mingzhu Yin, Lihua Zhang, and Li Yang
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Drought stress ,Physiology ,Acclimatization ,Drought tolerance ,hormone ,Arabidopsis ,Plant Science ,ZAT18 ,01 natural sciences ,Antioxidants ,03 medical and health sciences ,Electrolytes ,transcriptome analysis ,zinc finger proteins ,Malondialdehyde ,Botany ,CYS2-HIS2 Zinc Fingers ,Hormone metabolism ,Transcription factor ,2. Zero hunger ,Zinc finger ,Zinc finger transcription factor ,biology ,C2H2 Zinc Finger ,Arabidopsis Proteins ,fungi ,Plant physiology ,food and beverages ,Nuclear Proteins ,Water ,RNA sequencing ,Plant Transpiration ,biology.organism_classification ,Plants, Genetically Modified ,Cell biology ,Droughts ,Plant Leaves ,030104 developmental biology ,Mutation ,Reactive Oxygen Species ,010606 plant biology & botany ,Research Paper ,Transcription Factors - Abstract
ZAT18 modulated genes involved in hormone signaling transduction and stress response pathways, resulting in enhanced osmotic stress responses in seed germination and improved drought stress tolerance., Environmental stress poses a global threat to plant growth and reproduction, especially drought stress. Zinc finger proteins comprise a family of transcription factors that play essential roles in response to various abiotic stresses. Here, we found that ZAT18 (At3g53600), a nuclear C2H2 zinc finger protein, was transcriptionally induced by dehydration stress. Overexpression (OE) of ZAT18 in Arabidopsis improved drought tolerance while mutation of ZAT18 resulted in decreased plant tolerance to drought stress. ZAT18 was preferentially expressed in stems, siliques, and vegetative rosette leaves. Subcellular location results revealed that ZAT18 protein was predominantly localized in the nucleus. ZAT18 OE plants exhibited less leaf water loss, lower content of reactive oxygen species (ROS), higher leaf water content, and higher antioxidant enzyme activities after drought treatment when compared with the wild type (WT). RNA sequencing analysis showed that 423 and 561 genes were transcriptionally modulated by the ZAT18 transgene before and after drought treatment, respectively. Pathway enrichment analysis indicated that hormone metabolism, stress, and signaling were over-represented in ZAT18 OE lines. Several stress-responsive genes including COR47, ERD7, LEA6, and RAS1, and hormone signaling transduction-related genes including JAZ7 and PYL5 were identified as putative target genes of ZAT18. Taken together, ZAT18 functions as a positive regulator and plays a crucial role in the plant response to drought stress.
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- 2017
36. Osmotic stress is accompanied by protein glycation inArabidopsis thaliana
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Robert Berger, Wolfgang Brandt, Rico Schmidt, Elena Tarakhovskaya, Thomas Vogt, Stefanie Stöckhardt, Ludger A. Wessjohann, Andrea Sinz, Gagan Paudel, Klaus Humbeck, Claudia Birkemeyer, Uta Greifenhagen, Gerd Ulrich Balcke, Tatiana Bilova, and Andrej Frolov
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Glycation End Products, Advanced ,0301 basic medicine ,Glycosylation ,Arabidopsis thaliana ,Proteome ,Osmotic shock ,two-dimensional chromatography ,Physiology ,Arabidopsis ,Plant Science ,food quality ,label-free quantification ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Osmotic Pressure ,Glycation ,Amadori rearrangement ,Botany ,Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) ,Dehydration ,biology ,crop quality ,Arabidopsis Proteins ,drought stress ,Monosaccharides ,plant proteomics ,food and beverages ,biology.organism_classification ,030104 developmental biology ,chemistry ,Biochemistry ,Osmolyte ,Plant protein ,glycation ,Transcriptome ,Oxidation-Reduction ,Research Paper - Abstract
Highlight Osmotic stress enhances the rate of protein glycation and monosaccharide autoxidation is the main pathway., Among the environmental alterations accompanying oncoming climate changes, drought is the most important factor influencing crop plant productivity. In plants, water deficit ultimately results in the development of oxidative stress and accumulation of osmolytes (e.g. amino acids and carbohydrates) in all tissues. Up-regulation of sugar biosynthesis in parallel to the increasing overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) might enhance protein glycation, i.e. interaction of carbonyl compounds, reducing sugars and α-dicarbonyls with lysyl and arginyl side-chains yielding early (Amadori and Heyns compounds) and advanced glycation end-products (AGEs). Although the constitutive plant protein glycation patterns were characterized recently, the effects of environmental stress on AGE formation are unknown so far. To fill this gap, we present here a comprehensive in-depth study of the changes in Arabidopsis thaliana advanced glycated proteome related to osmotic stress. A 3 d application of osmotic stress revealed 31 stress-specifically and 12 differentially AGE-modified proteins, representing altogether 56 advanced glycation sites. Based on proteomic and metabolomic results, in combination with biochemical, enzymatic and gene expression analysis, we propose monosaccharide autoxidation as the main stress-related glycation mechanism, and glyoxal as the major glycation agent in plants subjected to drought.
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- 2016
37. ABA-dependent control of GIGANTEA signalling enables drought escape via up-regulation of FLOWERING LOCUS T in Arabidopsis thaliana
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Riboni, Matteo, Robustelli Test, Alice, Galbiati, Massimo, Tonelli, Chiara, and Conti, Lucio
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flowering ,florigen expression ,Dehydration ,Arabidopsis Proteins ,fungi ,drought stress ,Arabidopsis ,food and beverages ,MADS Domain Proteins ,adaptation ,Flowers ,Abscisic acid (ABA) ,Up-Regulation ,Plant Growth Regulators ,Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ,Research Paper ,photoperiod ,Abscisic Acid ,Signal Transduction - Abstract
Highlight We reveal that ABA affects flowering through two independent regulatory mechanisms: the activation of GI and CO functions upstream of the florigen genes and the down-regulation of SOC1 signalling., One strategy deployed by plants to endure water scarcity is to accelerate the transition to flowering adaptively via the drought escape (DE) response. In Arabidopsis thaliana, activation of the DE response requires the photoperiodic response gene GIGANTEA (GI) and the florigen genes FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) and TWIN SISTER OF FT (TSF). The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) is also required for the DE response, by promoting the transcriptional up-regulation of the florigen genes. The mode of interaction between ABA and the photoperiodic genes remains obscure. In this work we use a genetic approach to demonstrate that ABA modulates GI signalling and consequently its ability to activate the florigen genes. We also reveal that the ABA-dependent activation of FT, but not TSF, requires CONSTANS (CO) and that impairing ABA signalling dramatically reduces the expression of florigen genes with little effect on the CO transcript profile. ABA signalling thus has an impact on the core genes of photoperiodic signalling GI and CO by modulating their downstream function and/or activities rather than their transcript accumulation. In addition, we show that as well as promoting flowering, ABA simultaneously represses flowering, independent of the florigen genes. Genetic analysis indicates that the target of the repressive function of ABA is the flowering-promoting gene SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS1 (SOC1), a transcription factor integrating floral cues in the shoot meristem. Our study suggests that variations in ABA signalling provide different developmental information that allows plants to co-ordinate the onset of the reproductive phase according to the available water resources.
- Published
- 2016
38. Drought-induced injury is associated with hormonal alteration in Kentucky bluegrass
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Michael Goatley, Erik H. Ervin, Wenli Wu, Xunzhong Zhang, and Chao Shang
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0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Chlorophyll ,Chlorophyll content ,Drought stress ,Plant Science ,Biology ,Photosynthesis ,01 natural sciences ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Electrolytes ,Plant Growth Regulators ,Abscisic acid ,Poa ,Poa pratensis ,Abiotic stress ,fungi ,food and beverages ,biology.organism_classification ,Droughts ,Gibberellin A4 ,Horticulture ,030104 developmental biology ,chemistry ,Plant Stomata ,010606 plant biology & botany ,Hormone ,Research Paper - Abstract
Plant hormones play an important role in plant adaptation to abiotic stress, but hormonal responses of cool-season turfgrass species to drought stress are not well documented. This study was to investigate responses of hormones and photosynthesis to drought stress and examine if drought stress – induced hormone alteration is associated with stress tolerance in kentucky bluegrass (KBG, Poa pratensis L.). The grass was grown in a growth chamber for 6 weeks and then subjected to drought stress [40%-50% evapotranspiration (ET) replacement)] for 28 d. Drought stress caused cell membrane damage, resulting in decline in photosynthetic rate (Pn), chlorophyll content, and visual quality in KBG. Drought stressed grass had higher leaf abscisic acid (ABA), lower leaf trans-zeatin riboside (ZR), isopentenyl adenosine (iPA), and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), but similar level of leaf gibberellin A4 (GA4) when compared to the control (well-watered). On average, drought stress treatment reduced leaf ZR by 59.1%, iPA by 50.4%, IAA by 26.7%, while increased ABA by 108.5% when compared to the control at the end of drought stress (28 d). The turf quality and photosynthetic rate was positively correlated with cytokinins and IAA, but negatively correlated with ABA and ABA/cytokinins (CK) ratio under drought stress. The results of this study suggest drought stress-induced injury to Kentucky bluegrass may be associated with hormonal alteration, and the plants with higher cytokinins and IAA and less ABA under drought stress may have better photosynthetic function and performance.
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- 2019
39. Overexpression of soybean DREB1 enhances drought stress tolerance of transgenic wheat in the field
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Qiyan Jiang, Xiao Chen, Ming Chen, Dong-Hong Min, Lian-Cheng Li, Wei Wei, Zhou Yongbin, Zhao-Shi Xu, Xianguo Cheng, Chengshe Wang, Yan-Xia Wang, Jin-Kao Guo, Hutai Ji, You-Zhi Ma, Chengyan Huang, Huijun Xu, and Chunxiao Wang
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0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Drought stress ,Physiology ,Transgene ,Drought tolerance ,melatonin ,Plant Science ,Genetically modified crops ,Photosynthetic efficiency ,Biology ,01 natural sciences ,Melatonin ,03 medical and health sciences ,drought stress tolerance ,Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ,Stress, Physiological ,medicine ,physiological traits ,Transcription factor ,Triticum ,Plant Proteins ,AcademicSubjects/SCI01210 ,grain yield ,fungi ,food and beverages ,DREB-like transcription factor ,Plants, Genetically Modified ,Research Papers ,Droughts ,Horticulture ,030104 developmental biology ,Crop Molecular Genetics ,Grain yield ,Soybeans ,transgenic wheat ,010606 plant biology & botany ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Overexpression of soybean GmDREB1 in wheat confers drought tolerance in the field and is associated with increased melatonin content, an increased root system, and delayed leaf senescence., Drought-response-element binding (DREB)-like transcription factors can significantly enhance plant tolerance to water stress. However, most research on DREB-like proteins to date has been conducted in growth chambers or greenhouses, so there is very little evidence available to support their practical use in the field. In this study, we overexpressed GmDREB1 from soybean in two popular wheat varieties and conducted drought-tolerance experiments across a range of years, sites, and drought-stress regimes. We found that the transgenic plants consistently exhibited significant improvements in yield performance and a variety of physiological traits compared with wild-type plants when grown under limited water conditions in the field, for example showing grain yield increases between 4.79–18.43%. Specifically, we found that the transgenic plants had reduced membrane damage and enhanced osmotic adjustment and photosynthetic efficiency compared to the non-transgenic controls. Three enzymes from the biosynthetic pathway of the phytohormone melatonin were up-regulated in the transgenic plants, and external application of melatonin was found to improve drought tolerance. Together, our results demonstrate the utility of transgenic overexpression of GmDREB1 to improve the drought tolerance of wheat in the field.
- Published
- 2019
40. Wheat drought tolerance in the field is predicted by amino acid responses to glasshouse-imposed drought
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Barry J. Pogson, Gonzalo M. Estavillo, Adam J. Carroll, Greg J. Rebetzke, and Arun Kumar Yadav
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Chlorophyll ,Stomatal conductance ,Physiology ,Drought tolerance ,Greenhouse ,Plant Science ,Biology ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,RWC ,wheat ,parasitic diseases ,Asparagine ,Cultivar ,Water content ,Triticum ,Methionine ,grain yield ,Yield gap ,fungi ,drought stress ,food and beverages ,Water ,Research Papers ,metabolomics ,Droughts ,Plant Leaves ,Agronomy ,chemistry ,Plant—Environment Interactions ,stomatal conductance ,Plant Stomata ,Amino acids - Abstract
Glasshouse-based metabolic markers predict yield gap-based drought tolerance determined from multiseason and site field trials which could serve as a potential breeding tool for selecting drought-resilient crops., Water limits crop productivity, so selecting for a minimal yield gap in drier environments is critical to mitigate against climate change and land-use pressure. We investigated the responses of relative water content (RWC), stomatal conductance, chlorophyll content, and metabolites in flag leaves of commercial wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars to three drought treatments in the glasshouse and in field environments. We observed strong genetic associations between glasshouse-based RWC, metabolites, and yield gap-based drought tolerance (YDT; the ratio of yield in water-limited versus well-watered conditions) across 18 field environments spanning sites and seasons. Critically, RWC response to glasshouse drought was strongly associated with both YDT (r2=0.85, P
- Published
- 2018
41. Effects of Salinity and Drought Stress on Seed Germination of Common Purslane (Portulaca oleracea) †.
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Pham, Anh Cong, Vo, Tuan Chau, Vu, Hoang Duc, and Tran, Dan Quang
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GERMINATION ,PORTULACA oleracea ,SALINITY ,OSMOTIC pressure ,DROUGHTS - Abstract
Common purslane (Portulaca oleracea) is a halophyte, consumed not only as an edible vegetable but also as a traditional medicine. This plant can adapt to extreme salinity and drought conditions and their effects on plant growth, yield and quality were elucidated, but the effects on seed germination was still unclear. Seed germination is an important stage for establishing P. oleracea seedlings that contribute to plant yield and productivity. Thus, the objective of the present study was to examine the individual effects of salinity and drought stress at different levels on the characteristics of seed germination, which the seeds suffered from −0.22, −0.45, −0.89, and −1.78 MPa osmotic stresses induced by polyethylene glycol (PEG), or from 50, 100, 200, and 400 mM NaCl stresses with equivalent osmotic pressures. The seeds sown in petri dishes containing filter paper layers that were flooded with NaCl or PEG-6000 solutions for the treatments and germination parameters were determined daily for 15 days. Data showed that germination percentage (GP), germination rate (GR), germination energy (GE), and mean germination time (MGT) were significantly decreased with increasing levels of salt and osmotic stresses, suggesting that the salinity and drought stress reduced the germination capability of seeds. Moreover, the seeds maintained germination with PEG osmotic pressure above −0.22 MPa, but not with NaCl concentration greater than 50 mM that induced a similar osmotic pressure, suggesting that the ion toxicity effect on the seed germination might be higher than the osmotic effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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42. Recent Trends in Foliar Nanofertilizers: A Review.
- Author
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Ding, Yanru, Zhao, Weichen, Zhu, Guikai, Wang, Quanlong, Zhang, Peng, and Rui, Yukui
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FOLIAR feeding ,CROP quality ,AGRICULTURAL research ,CROP yields ,POLLUTION ,NUTRIENT uptake - Abstract
It is estimated that 40–70%, 80–90% and 50–90% of the conventional macronutrients N, P and K applied to the soil are lost, respectively, resulting in considerable loss of resources. Compared to conventional fertilizers, nanofertilizers have the advantages of controlled release, high nutrient utilization, low cost and relatively low environmental pollution due to their small size (1–100 nm) and high specific surface area. The application of nanofertilizers is an up-and-coming field of agricultural research and is an attractive and economical substitute for common fertilizers which can boost global food productivity sustainably. Foliar fertilization is a popular way to satisfy the needs of higher plants. Because of its small application dose, faster nutrient uptake than soil application and relatively less environmental pollution, foliar fertilization is more popular among plants. It can be seen that nanofertilizers and foliar fertilization are the hotspots of attention at present and that current research on the foliar application of nanofertilizers is not as extensive as that on soil application. Based on this background, this paper provides an overview of various applications of foliar spraying of nanofertilizers in agriculture, including applications in improving crop yield and quality as well as mitigating heavy metal stress, salt stress and drought stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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43. Drought Sensitivity of Spring Wheat Cultivars Shapes Rhizosphere Microbial Community Patterns in Response to Drought.
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Fang, Jing, Shi, Gongfu, Wei, Shuli, Ma, Jie, Zhang, Xiangqian, Wang, Jianguo, Chen, Liyu, Liu, Ying, Zhao, Xiaoqing, and Lu, Zhanyuan
- Subjects
DROUGHTS ,RHIZOSPHERE ,MICROBIAL communities ,DRY farming ,WHEAT ,BACILLUS (Bacteria) ,CULTIVARS - Abstract
Drought is the most important natural disaster affecting crop growth and development. Crop rhizosphere microorganisms can affect crop growth and development, enhance the effective utilization of nutrients, and resist adversity and hazards. In this paper, six spring wheat varieties were used as research material in the dry farming area of the western foot of the Greater Khingan Mountains, and two kinds of water control treatments were carried out: dry shed rain prevention (DT) and regulated water replenishment (CK). Phenotypic traits, including physiological and biochemical indices, drought resistance gene expression, soil enzyme activity, soil nutrient content, and the responses of potential functional bacteria and fungi under drought stress, were systematically analyzed. The results showed that compared with the control (CK), the leaf wilting, drooping, and yellowing of six spring wheat varieties were enhanced under drought (DT) treatment. The plant height, fresh weight (FW), dry weight (DW), net photosynthetic rate (Pn) and stomatal conductance (Gs), soil total nitrogen (TN), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN), microbial biomass phosphorus (MBP), organic carbon (SOC), and soil alkaline phosphatase (S-ALP) contents were significantly decreased, among which, FW, Gs and MBC decreased by more than 7.84%, 17.43% and 11.31%, respectively. By contrast, the soil total phosphorus (TP), total potassium (TK), and soil catalase (S-CAT) contents were significantly increased (p < 0.05). TaWdreb2 and TaBADHb genes were highly expressed in T.D40, T.L36, and T.L33 and were expressed at low levels in T.N2, T.B12, and T.F5. Among them, the relative expression of the TaWdreb2 gene in T.L36 was significantly increased by 2.683 times compared with CK. Soil TN and TP are the most sensitive to drought stress and can be used as the characteristic values of drought stress. Based on this, a drought-tolerant variety (T.L36) and a drought-sensitive variety (T.B12) were selected to further analyze the changes in rhizosphere microorganisms. Drought treatment and cultivar differences significantly affected the composition of the rhizosphere microbial community. Drought caused a decrease in the complexity of the rhizosphere microbial network, and the structure of bacteria was more complex than that of fungi. The Shannon index and network modular number of bacteria in these varieties (T.L36) increased, with rich small-world network properties. Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, Firmicutes, Basidiomycota, and Ascomycota were the dominant bacteria under drought treatment. The beneficial bacteria Bacillus, Penicillium, and Blastococcus were enriched in the rhizosphere of T.L36. Brevibacillus and Glycomyce were enriched in the rhizosphere of T.B12. In general, drought can inhibit the growth and development of spring wheat, and spring wheat can resist drought hazards by regulating the expression of drought-related genes, regulating physiological metabolites, and enriching beneficial microorganisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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44. Effects of Climate Change and Drought Tolerance on Maize Growth.
- Author
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Kim, Kyung-Hee and Lee, Byung-Moo
- Subjects
DROUGHT tolerance ,TRANSGENIC plants ,CLIMATE change ,FOOD crops ,CORN ,HERBICIDE-resistant crops ,NATURAL disasters - Abstract
Climate change is affecting all regions of the world with different climates, and the scale of damage is increasing due to the occurrence of various natural disasters. In particular, maize production is highly affected by abnormal climate events such as heat waves and droughts. Increasing temperatures can accelerate growth and shorten the growing season, potentially reducing productivity. Additionally, enhanced temperatures during the ripening period can accelerate the process, reducing crop yields. In addition, drought stress due to water deficit can greatly affect seedling formation, early plant growth, photosynthesis, reproductive growth, and yield, so proper water management is critical to maize growth. Maize, in particular, is tall and broad-leaved, so extreme drought stress at planting can cause leaves to curl and stunt growth. It is important to understand that severe drought can have a detrimental effect on the growth and reproduction of maize. In addition, high temperatures caused by drought stress can inhibit the induction of flowering in male flowers and cause factors that interfere with pollen development. It is therefore important to increase the productivity of all food crops, including maize, while maintaining them in the face of persistent drought caused by climate change. This requires a strategy to develop genetically modified crops and drought-tolerant maize that can effectively respond to climate change. The aim of this paper is to investigate the effects of climate change and drought tolerance on maize growth. We also reviewed molecular breeding techniques to develop drought-tolerant maize varieties in response to climate change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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45. INTERACTIONS BETWEEN LIGHT INTENSITY AND DROUGHT STRESS AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON THE GROWTH OF WHEAT SEEDLINGS.
- Author
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MATUSZAK-SLAMANI, Renata and ULAN, Maciej
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LIGHT intensity ,DROUGHTS ,CHLOROPHYLL spectra ,WHEAT ,PHOTON flux ,FLUORESCENCE yield ,PHOTOSYNTHETICALLY active radiation (PAR) - Abstract
Copyright of Folia Pomeranae Universitatis Technologiae Stetinensis Agricultura Alimentaria Piscaria et Zootechnica is the property of West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
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46. Colchicine-Induced Polyploidy in Leguminous Crops Enhances Morpho-Physiological Characteristics for Drought Stress Tolerance.
- Author
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Mangena, Phetole and Mushadu, Pirtunia Nyadzani
- Subjects
DROUGHT tolerance ,POLYPLOIDY ,LEGUMES ,SUSTAINABILITY ,PLANT biomass ,PLANT adaptation - Abstract
Legumes play a significant role in the alleviation of food insecurity, maintaining soil fertility, and achieving sustainable crop production under adverse environmental conditions. The increased demand in legume production contemplates that attention on the genetic improvement of these crops through various means such as genetic engineering and mutation breeding should take a centre stage in global agriculture. Therefore, this paper provides a succinct analysis of the currently available literature on morphological and physiological traits in polyploidised leguminous plants to counter the adverse effects of drought stress. The effects of colchicine on various morphological and physiological traits of polyploidised legumes compared to their diploid counterparts were examined. Numerous reports revealed variations in these traits, such as improved root and shoot growth, plant biomass, chloroplastidic content, protein, RNA, and DNA. The differences observed were also associated with the strong relationship between plant ploidy induction and colchicine application. Furthermore, the analysis indicated that polyploidisation remains dose-dependent and may be achievable within a shorter space of time as this antimitotic chemical interferes with chromosome separations in somatic plant cells. The efficiency of this process also depends on the advancement of treatment conditions (in vitro, in vivo, or ex vitro) and the successful regeneration of polyploidised plants for adaptation under drought stress conditions. As such, the improvement in metabolite profile and other essential growth characteristics serves as a clear indication that induced polyploidy needs to be further explored to confer resilience to environmental stress and improve crop yield under drought stress conditions in leguminous plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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47. Genome-wide identification, characterisation and expression profiles of calcium-dependent protein kinase genes in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)
- Author
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Paweł Krajewski, Grzegorz Koczyk, Jan Sadowski, M. Kaczmarek, and Olga Fedorowicz-Strońska
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Drought stress ,Genes, Plant ,Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ,Genome ,03 medical and health sciences ,Plant Genetics • Original Paper ,Stress, Physiological ,Arabidopsis ,Genetics ,Arabidopsis thaliana ,Gene family ,Gene ,Phylogeny ,Hordeum vulgare ,Plant Proteins ,Phylogenetic analysis ,Oryza sativa ,biology ,Gene Expression Profiling ,Chromosome Mapping ,food and beverages ,Hordeum ,General Medicine ,biology.organism_classification ,Adaptation, Physiological ,Droughts ,030104 developmental biology ,Multigene Family ,Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) ,Gene expression ,Brachypodium distachyon ,Protein Kinases ,Signal Transduction - Abstract
In plant cells, calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) are important sensors of Ca2+ flux resulting from various environmental stresses like cold, drought or salt stress. Previous genome sequence analysis and comparative studies in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana L.) and rice (Oryza sativa L.) defined a multi-gene family of CDPKs. Here, we identified and characterised the CDPK gene complement of the model plant, barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Comparative analysis encompassed phylogeny reconstruction based on newly available barley genome sequence, as well as established model genomes (e.g. O. sativa, A. thaliana, Brachypodium distachyon). Functional gene copies possessed characteristic CDPK domain architecture, including a serine/threonine kinase domain and four regulatory EF-hand motifs. In silico verification was followed by measurements of transcript abundance via real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The relative expression of CDPK genes was determined in the vegetative growth stage under intensifying drought stress conditions. The majority of barley CDPK genes showed distinct changes in patterns of expression during exposure to stress. Our study constitutes evidence for involvement of the barley CDPK gene complement in signal transduction pathways relating to adaptation to drought. Our bioinformatics and transcriptomic analyses will provide an important foundation for further functional dissection of the barley CDPK gene family. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s13353-016-0357-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
- Published
- 2016
48. Expression ofVitis amurensis NAC26in Arabidopsis enhances drought tolerance by modulating jasmonic acid synthesis
- Author
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Lingye Su, Xiaoming Sun, Linchuan Fang, Shuang Fang, Xinbo Li, Meng-Xiang Sun, Jinfang Chu, Shaohua Li, Haiping Xin, and Sospeter Karanja Karungo
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Drought stress ,Physiology ,JA biosynthesis ,Transgene ,Drought tolerance ,Arabidopsis ,Cyclopentanes ,Plant Science ,Genetically modified crops ,Biology ,Genes, Plant ,01 natural sciences ,Antioxidants ,Transcriptome ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Plant Growth Regulators ,Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ,Botany ,Vitis ,transcriptional regulation ,Oxylipins ,wine.grape_variety ,Dehydration ,Gene Expression Profiling ,Jasmonic acid ,Wild type ,food and beverages ,ROS ,Plants, Genetically Modified ,biology.organism_classification ,Cell biology ,030104 developmental biology ,chemistry ,wine ,VaNAC26 ,Vitis amurensis ,Transcription Factors ,Research Paper ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
Highlight VaNAC26, a member of the NAC gene family from the wild species Vitis amurensis, plays an important role in drought tolerance by positively modulating jasmonic acid synthesis and enhancing the antioxidant system., The growth and fruit quality of grapevines are widely affected by abnormal climatic conditions such as water deficits, but many of the precise mechanisms by which grapevines respond to drought stress are still largely unknown. Here, we report that VaNAC26, a member of the NAC transcription factor family, was upregulated dramatically during cold, drought and salinity treatments in Vitis amurensis, a cold and drought-hardy wild Vitis species. Heterologous overexpression of VaNAC26 enhanced drought and salt tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis. Higher activities of antioxidant enzymes and lower concentrations of H2O2 and O2 − were found in VaNAC26-OE lines than in wild type plants under drought stress. These results indicated that scavenging by reactive oxygen species (ROS) was enhanced by VaNAC26 in transgenic lines. Microarray-based transcriptome analysis revealed that genes related to jasmonic acid (JA) synthesis and signaling were upregulated in VaNAC26-OE lines under both normal and drought conditions. VaNAC26 showed a specific binding ability on the NAC recognition sequence (NACRS) motif, which broadly exists in the promoter regions of upregulated genes in transgenic lines. Endogenous JA content significantly increased in the VaNAC26-OE lines 2 and 3. Our data suggest that VaNAC26 responds to abiotic stresses and may enhance drought tolerance by transcriptional regulation of JA synthesis in Arabidopsis.
- Published
- 2016
49. Enhancing cytokinin synthesis by overexpressingiptalleviated drought inhibition of root growth through activating ROS-scavenging systems inAgrostis stolonifera
- Author
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Xunzhong Zhang, Patrick Burgess, Yi Xu, and Bingru Huang
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Alternative respiration ,Cytokinins ,Agrostis stolonifera ,Physiology ,Ascorbic Acid ,Plant Science ,Plant Roots ,01 natural sciences ,Antioxidants ,Electrolytes ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Agrostis ,Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ,Superoxides ,Malondialdehyde ,Biomass ,2. Zero hunger ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,biology ,drought stress ,food and beverages ,Free Radical Scavengers ,Catalase ,Plants, Genetically Modified ,Glutathione ,6. Clean water ,Droughts ,Cytokinin ,Antioxidant ,Research Paper ,Nitroprusside ,Cell Respiration ,Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ,Superoxide dismutase ,03 medical and health sciences ,Stress, Physiological ,parasitic diseases ,Botany ,RNA, Messenger ,ROS scavenging system ,Reactive oxygen species ,Alkyl and Aryl Transferases ,Superoxide Dismutase ,root respiration ,fungi ,qRT-PCR ,15. Life on land ,Ascorbic acid ,biology.organism_classification ,030104 developmental biology ,chemistry ,turfgrass ,biology.protein ,Reactive Oxygen Species ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
Highlight The relationship between an adenine isopentenyltransferase transgene, reactive oxygen species (ROS) content and the ROS-scavenging system, mechanistically contributing to improved root growth under drought stress in creeping bentgrass, is discussed., Drought stress limits root growth and inhibits cytokinin (CK) production. Increases in CK production through overexpression of isopentenyltransferase (ipt) alleviate drought damages to promote root growth. The objective of this study was to investigate whether CK-regulated root growth was involved in the alteration of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and ROS scavenging capacity under drought stress. Wild-type (WT) creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L. ‘Penncross’) and a transgenic line (S41) overexpressing ipt ligated to a senescence-activated promoter (SAG12) were exposed to drought stress for 21 d in growth chambers. SAG12-ipt transgenic S41 developed a more extensive root system under drought stress compared to the WT. Root physiological analysis (electrolyte leakage and lipid peroxidation) showed that S41 roots exhibited less cellular damage compared to the WT under drought stress. Roots of SAG12-ipt transgenic S41 had significantly higher endogenous CK content than the WT roots under drought stress. ROS (hydrogen peroxide and superoxide) content was significantly lower and content of total and free ascorbate was significantly higher in S41 roots compared to the WT roots under drought stress. Enzymatic assays and transcript abundance analysis showed that superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, and dehydroascorbate reductase were significantly higher in S41 roots compared to the WT roots under drought stress. S41 roots also maintained significantly higher alternative respiration rates compared to the WT under drought stress. The improved root growth of transgenic creeping bentgrass may be facilitated by CK-enhanced ROS scavenging through antioxidant accumulation and activation of antioxidant enzymes, as well as higher alternative respiration rates when soil water is limited.
- Published
- 2016
50. Major latex protein-like protein 43 (MLP43) functions as a positive regulator during abscisic acid responses and confers drought tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana
- Author
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Li Yang, Tiantian Ye, Yanping Wang, Xi Chen, Zhulong Chan, Ruijie Liu, Yan Wu, and Bao Zhong
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,Physiology ,Mutant ,Drought tolerance ,Arabidopsis ,Germination ,Plant Science ,ABA signal reconstitution ,01 natural sciences ,abscisic acid ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ,Botany ,metabolite profile ,Abscisic acid ,reactive oxygen species ,biology ,Abiotic stress ,Arabidopsis Proteins ,fungi ,drought stress ,Primary metabolite ,food and beverages ,MLP43 ,Meristem ,biology.organism_classification ,Cell biology ,Droughts ,030104 developmental biology ,chemistry ,SnRK2.6 ,Mutation ,Seeds ,Signal transduction ,010606 plant biology & botany ,Research Paper - Abstract
Highlight MLP43 interacts with SnRK2.6 and ABF1 and functions as a positive regulator in ABA and drought stress responses through modulating gene expression, ROS production and primary metabolite profiles., Drought stress is one of the disadvantageous environmental conditions for plant growth and reproduction. Given the importance of abscisic acid (ABA) to plant growth and abiotic stress responses, identification of novel components involved in ABA signalling transduction is critical. In this study, we screened numerous Arabidopsis thaliana mutants by seed germination assay and identified a mutant mlp43 (major latex protein-like 43) with decreased ABA sensitivity in seed germination. The mlp43 mutant was sensitive to drought stress while the MLP43-overexpressed transgenic plants were drought tolerant. The tissue-specific expression pattern analysis showed that MLP43 was predominantly expressed in cotyledons, primary roots and apical meristems, and a subcellular localization study indicated that MLP43 was localized in the nucleus and cytoplasm. Physiological and biochemical analyses indicated that MLP43 functioned as a positive regulator in ABA- and drought-stress responses in Arabidopsis through regulating water loss efficiency, electrolyte leakage, ROS levels, and as well as ABA-responsive gene expression. Moreover, metabolite profiling analysis indicated that MLP43 could modulate the production of primary metabolites under drought stress conditions. Reconstitution of ABA signalling components in Arabidopsis protoplasts indicated that MLP43 was involved in ABA signalling transduction and acted upstream of SnRK2s by directly interacting with SnRK2.6 and ABF1 in a yeast two-hybrid assay. Moreover, ABA and drought stress down-regulated MLP43 expression as a negative feedback loop regulation to the performance of MLP43 in ABA and drought stress responses. Therefore, this study provided new insights for interpretation of physiological and molecular mechanisms of Arabidopsis MLP43 mediating ABA signalling transduction and drought stress responses.
- Published
- 2015
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