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The skin, the largest animal body organ, constitutes a barrier against tissue damage from pathogens, resident microbiota, chemicals and environmental factors. In veterinary medical clinic, the main complaint in dogs and cats involves skin diseases, ranging from infections by pathogens to immune-mediated diseases. The exaggerated immune response to components of cutaneous system involves mechanisms associated with humoral and cellular factors, known as biomarkers. Among such conditions, there are the bullous diseases, including pemphigus foliaceus, vulgar, erythematosus and bullous pemphigoid, lupus erythematosus discoid and systemic, and dermatomyositis. The diagnosis of diseases is a medical responsibility and must rely on the medical history of the animal, laboratory tests including hematology, biochemistry, cytology, histopathology and immunohistochemistry. In this context, this review aims to review the pathogenic mechanisms, including mediators and cells, clinical signs, diagnostic tests and therapy used in the treatment protocol of the main autoimmune skin diseases in dogs and cats. With these informations, it is expected to contribute with updates about immunotherapies that are being used in humans and that eventually can be applied to Veterinary Medicine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]